1 | // matrix.cc |
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2 | |
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3 | // implementation of class matrix |
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4 | |
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5 | #ifndef MATRIX_CC |
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6 | #define MATRIX_CC |
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7 | |
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8 | #include "matrix.h" |
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9 | |
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10 | ////////////// constructors and destructor ////////////////////////////////// |
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11 | |
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12 | matrix::matrix(const short& row_number, const short& column_number) |
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13 | :rows(row_number),columns(column_number) |
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14 | { |
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15 | _kernel_dimension=-2; |
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16 | // LLL-algorithm not yet performed |
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17 | |
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18 | // argument check |
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19 | if((rows<=0)||(columns<=0)) |
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20 | // bad input, set "error flag" |
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21 | { |
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22 | cerr<<"\nWARNING: matrix::matrix(const short&, const short&):\n" |
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23 | "argument out of range"<<endl; |
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24 | columns=-1; |
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25 | return; |
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26 | } |
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27 | |
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28 | // memory allocation and initialization |
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29 | |
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30 | coefficients=new (Integer*)[rows]; |
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31 | for(short i=0;i<rows;i++) |
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32 | coefficients[i]=new Integer[columns]; |
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33 | for(short i=0;i<rows;i++) |
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34 | for(short j=0;j<columns;j++) |
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35 | coefficients[i][j]=0; |
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36 | } |
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37 | |
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38 | matrix::matrix(const short& row_number, const short& column_number, |
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39 | Integer** entries) |
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40 | :rows(row_number),columns(column_number) |
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41 | { |
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42 | _kernel_dimension=-2; |
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43 | // LLL-algorithm not yet performed |
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44 | |
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45 | // argument check |
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46 | if((rows<=0)||(columns<=0)) |
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47 | // bad input, set "error flag" |
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48 | { |
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49 | cerr<<"\nWARNING: matrix::matrix(const short&, const short&, Integr**):\n" |
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50 | "argument out of range"<<endl; |
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51 | columns=-1; |
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52 | return; |
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53 | } |
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54 | |
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55 | // memory allocation and initialization |
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56 | |
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57 | coefficients=new (Integer*)[rows]; |
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58 | for(short i=0;i<rows;i++) |
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59 | coefficients[i]=new Integer[columns]; |
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60 | for(short i=0;i<rows;i++) |
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61 | for(short j=0;j<columns;j++) |
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62 | coefficients[i][j]=entries[i][j]; |
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63 | // coefficients[i] is the i-th row vector |
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64 | } |
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65 | |
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66 | |
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67 | |
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68 | |
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69 | matrix::matrix(ifstream& input) |
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70 | { |
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71 | _kernel_dimension=-2; |
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72 | // LLL-algorithm not yet performed |
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73 | |
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74 | input>>rows; |
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75 | if(!input) |
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76 | // input failure, set "error flag" |
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77 | { |
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78 | cerr<<"\nWARNING: matrix::matrix(ifstream&): input failure"<<endl; |
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79 | columns=-2; |
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80 | return; |
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81 | } |
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82 | |
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83 | input>>columns; |
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84 | if(!input) |
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85 | // input failure, set "error flag" |
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86 | { |
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87 | cerr<<"\nWARNING: matrix::matrix(ifstream&): input failure"<<endl; |
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88 | columns=-2; |
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89 | return; |
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90 | } |
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91 | |
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92 | if((rows<=0)||(columns<=0)) |
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93 | // bad input, set "error flag" |
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94 | { |
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95 | cerr<<"\nWARNING: matrix::matrix(ifstream&): bad input"<<endl; |
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96 | columns=-1; |
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97 | return; |
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98 | } |
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99 | |
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100 | coefficients=new (Integer*)[rows]; |
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101 | for(short i=0;i<rows;i++) |
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102 | coefficients[i]=new Integer[columns]; |
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103 | for(short i=0;i<rows;i++) |
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104 | for(short j=0;j<columns;j++) |
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105 | { |
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106 | input>>coefficients[i][j]; |
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107 | if(!input) |
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108 | // bad input, set error flag |
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109 | { |
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110 | cerr<<"\nWARNING: matrix::matrix(ifstream&): input failure"<<endl; |
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111 | columns=-2; |
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112 | return; |
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113 | } |
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114 | } |
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115 | } |
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116 | |
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117 | |
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118 | |
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119 | |
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120 | matrix::matrix(const short& m, const short& n, ifstream& input) |
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121 | { |
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122 | _kernel_dimension=-2; |
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123 | // LLL-algorithm not yet performed |
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124 | |
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125 | // argument check |
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126 | if((m<=0) || (n<=0)) |
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127 | // bad input, set "error flag" |
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128 | { |
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129 | cerr<<"\nWARNING: matrix::matrix(const short&, const short&, ifstream&):\n" |
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130 | "argument out of range"<<endl; |
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131 | columns=-1; |
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132 | return; |
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133 | } |
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134 | |
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135 | rows=m; |
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136 | columns=n; |
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137 | |
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138 | // memory allocation and initialization |
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139 | |
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140 | coefficients=new (Integer*)[rows]; |
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141 | for(short i=0;i<rows;i++) |
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142 | coefficients[i]=new Integer[columns]; |
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143 | for(short i=0;i<rows;i++) |
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144 | for(short j=0;j<columns;j++) |
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145 | { |
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146 | input>>coefficients[i][j]; |
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147 | if(!input) |
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148 | // bad input, set error flag |
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149 | { |
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150 | columns=-2; |
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151 | return; |
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152 | } |
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153 | } |
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154 | } |
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155 | |
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156 | |
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157 | |
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158 | |
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159 | matrix::matrix(const matrix& A) |
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160 | :rows(A.rows),columns(A.columns),_kernel_dimension(A._kernel_dimension) |
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161 | { |
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162 | |
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163 | if(columns<0) |
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164 | { |
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165 | cerr<<"\nWARNING: matrix::matrix(const matrix&):\n" |
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166 | "Building a matrix from a corrupt one"<<endl; |
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167 | return; |
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168 | } |
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169 | |
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170 | // memory allocation and initialization (also for H) |
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171 | |
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172 | coefficients=new (Integer*)[rows]; |
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173 | for(short i=0;i<rows;i++) |
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174 | coefficients[i]=new Integer[columns]; |
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175 | for(short i=0;i<rows;i++) |
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176 | for(short j=0;j<columns;j++) |
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177 | coefficients[i][j]=A.coefficients[i][j]; |
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178 | |
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179 | if(_kernel_dimension>0) |
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180 | { |
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181 | H=new (BigInt*)[_kernel_dimension]; |
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182 | for(short k=0;k<_kernel_dimension;k++) |
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183 | H[k]=new (BigInt)[columns]; |
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184 | for(short k=0;k<_kernel_dimension;k++) |
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185 | for(short j=0;j<columns;j++) |
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186 | H[k][j]=(A.H)[k][j]; |
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187 | } |
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188 | } |
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189 | |
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190 | |
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191 | |
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192 | |
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193 | matrix::~matrix() |
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194 | { |
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195 | for(short i=0;i<rows;i++) |
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196 | delete[] coefficients[i]; |
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197 | delete[] coefficients; |
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198 | |
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199 | if(_kernel_dimension>0) |
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200 | // LLL-algorithm performed |
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201 | { |
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202 | for(short i=0;i<_kernel_dimension;i++) |
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203 | delete[] H[i]; |
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204 | delete[] H; |
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205 | } |
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206 | } |
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207 | |
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208 | |
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209 | |
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210 | |
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211 | //////////////////// object properties ////////////////////////////////////// |
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212 | |
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213 | |
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214 | |
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215 | |
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216 | BOOLEAN matrix::is_nonnegative() const |
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217 | { |
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218 | for(short i=0;i<rows;i++) |
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219 | for(short j=0;j<columns;j++) |
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220 | if(coefficients[i][j]<0) |
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221 | return FALSE; |
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222 | return TRUE; |
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223 | } |
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224 | |
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225 | |
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226 | |
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227 | short matrix::error_status() const |
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228 | { |
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229 | if(columns<0) |
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230 | return columns; |
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231 | else |
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232 | return 0; |
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233 | } |
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234 | |
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235 | |
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236 | |
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237 | short matrix::row_number() const |
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238 | { |
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239 | return rows; |
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240 | } |
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241 | |
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242 | |
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243 | |
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244 | short matrix::column_number() const |
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245 | { |
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246 | return columns; |
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247 | } |
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248 | |
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249 | |
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250 | |
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251 | |
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252 | ////////// special routines for the IP-algorithms ///////////////////////// |
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253 | |
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254 | |
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255 | |
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256 | |
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257 | short matrix::LLL_kernel_basis() |
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258 | { |
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259 | |
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260 | // copy the column vectors of the actual matrix |
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261 | // (They are modified by the LLL-algorithm!) |
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262 | BigInt** b=new (BigInt*)[columns]; |
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263 | for(short n=0;n<columns;n++) |
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264 | b[n]=new BigInt[rows]; |
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265 | for(short n=0;n<columns;n++) |
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266 | for(short m=0;m<rows;m++) |
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267 | b[n][m]=coefficients[m][n]; |
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268 | |
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269 | // compute a LLL-reduced basis of the relations of b[0],...,b[columns-1] |
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270 | _kernel_dimension=relations(b,columns,rows,H); |
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271 | |
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272 | // The kernel lattice basis is now stored in the member H (vectors |
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273 | // H[0],...,H[_kernel_dimension-1]). |
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274 | |
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275 | // delete auxiliary vectors |
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276 | for(short n=0;n<columns;n++) |
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277 | delete[] b[n]; |
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278 | delete[] b; |
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279 | |
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280 | return _kernel_dimension; |
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281 | } |
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282 | |
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283 | |
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284 | |
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285 | |
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286 | short matrix::compute_nonzero_kernel_vector() |
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287 | { |
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288 | |
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289 | if(_kernel_dimension==-2) |
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290 | // lattice basis not yet computed |
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291 | LLL_kernel_basis(); |
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292 | |
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293 | if(_kernel_dimension==-1) |
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294 | { |
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295 | cerr<<"\nWARNING: short matrix::compute_non_zero_kernel_vector(BigInt*&):" |
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296 | "\nerror in kernel basis, cannot compute the desired vector"<<endl; |
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297 | return 0; |
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298 | } |
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299 | |
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300 | if(_kernel_dimension==0) |
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301 | { |
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302 | cerr<<"\nWARNING: short matrix::compute_non_zero_kernel_vector(BigInt*&): " |
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303 | "\nkernel dimension is zero"<<endl; |
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304 | return 0; |
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305 | } |
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306 | |
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307 | // Now, the kernel dimension is positive. |
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308 | |
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309 | BigInt *M=new BigInt[_kernel_dimension]; |
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310 | // M stores a number by which the algorithm decides which vector to |
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311 | // take next. |
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312 | |
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313 | |
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314 | // STEP 1: Determine the vector with the least zero components (if it is not |
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315 | // unique, choose the smallest). |
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316 | |
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317 | // determine number of zero components |
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318 | for(short i=0;i<_kernel_dimension;i++) |
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319 | { |
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320 | M[i]=0; |
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321 | for(short j=0;j<columns;j++) |
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322 | if(H[i][j]==0) |
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323 | M[i]++; |
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324 | } |
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325 | |
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326 | // determine minimal number of zero components |
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327 | BigInt min=columns; |
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328 | // columns is an upper bound (not reached because the kernel basis cannot |
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329 | // contain the zero vector) |
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330 | for(short i=0;i<_kernel_dimension;i++) |
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331 | if(M[i]<min) |
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332 | min=M[i]; |
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333 | |
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334 | // add the square of the norm to the vectors with the least zero components |
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335 | // and discard the others (the norm computation is why we have chosen the |
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336 | // M[i] to be BigInts) |
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337 | for(short i=0;i<_kernel_dimension;i++) |
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338 | if(M[i]!=min) |
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339 | M[i]=-1; |
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340 | else |
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341 | for(short j=0;j<columns;j++) |
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342 | M[i]+=H[i][j]*H[i][j]; |
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343 | // As the lattice basis does not contain the zero vector, at least one M[i] |
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344 | // is positive! |
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345 | |
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346 | // determine the start vector, i.e. the one with least zero components, but |
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347 | // smallest possible (euclidian) norm |
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348 | short min_index=-1; |
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349 | for(short i=0;i<_kernel_dimension;i++) |
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350 | if(M[i]>0) |
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351 | if(min_index==-1) |
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352 | min_index=i; |
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353 | else |
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354 | if(M[i]<M[min_index]) |
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355 | min_index=i; |
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356 | |
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357 | // Now, H[min_index] is the vector to be transformed into a nonnegative one. |
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358 | // For a better overview, it is swapped with the first vector |
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359 | // (only pointers). |
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360 | |
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361 | if(min_index!=0) |
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362 | { |
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363 | BigInt* swap=H[min_index]; |
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364 | H[min_index]=H[0]; |
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365 | H[0]=swap; |
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366 | } |
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367 | |
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368 | |
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369 | // Now construct the desired vector. |
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370 | // This is done by adding a linear combination of |
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371 | // H[1],...,H[_kernel_dimension-1] to H[0]. It is important that the final |
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372 | // result, written as a linear combination of |
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373 | // H[0],...,H[_kernel_dimension-1], has coefficient 1 or -1 at H[0] |
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374 | // (to make sure that it is together with H[1],...,H[_kernel_dimension] |
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375 | // still a l a t t i c e basis). |
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376 | |
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377 | for(short current_position=1;current_position<columns;current_position++) |
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378 | // in fact, this loop will terminate before the condition in the |
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379 | // for-statement is satisfied... |
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380 | { |
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381 | |
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382 | |
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383 | // STEP 2: Nonnegative vector already found? |
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384 | |
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385 | BOOLEAN found=TRUE; |
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386 | for(short j=0;j<columns;j++) |
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387 | if(H[0][j]==0) |
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388 | found=FALSE; |
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389 | |
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390 | if(found==TRUE) |
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391 | // H[0] has only positive entries, |
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392 | return 1; |
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393 | // else there are further zero components |
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394 | |
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395 | |
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396 | // STEP 3: Can a furhter zero component be "eliminated"? |
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397 | // If this is the case, find a basis vector that can do this. |
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398 | |
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399 | // determine number of components in each remaining vector that are zero |
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400 | // in the vector itself as well as in the already constructed vector |
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401 | for(short i=current_position;i<_kernel_dimension;i++) |
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402 | M[i]=0; |
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403 | |
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404 | short remaining_zero_components=0; |
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405 | |
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406 | for(short j=0;j<columns;j++) |
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407 | if(H[0][j]==0) |
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408 | { |
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409 | remaining_zero_components++; |
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410 | for(short i=current_position;i<_kernel_dimension;i++) |
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411 | if(H[i][j]==0) |
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412 | M[i]++; |
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413 | } |
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414 | |
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415 | // determine minimal number of such components |
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416 | min=remaining_zero_components; |
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417 | // this is the number of zero components in H[0] and an upper bound |
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418 | // for the M[i] |
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419 | for(short i=current_position;i<_kernel_dimension;i++) |
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420 | if(M[i]<min) |
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421 | min=M[i]; |
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422 | |
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423 | if(min==remaining_zero_components) |
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424 | // all zero components in H[0] are zero in each remaining vector |
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425 | // => desired vector does not exist |
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426 | return 0; |
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427 | |
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428 | // add the square of the norm to the vectors with the least common zero |
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429 | // components |
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430 | // discard the others |
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431 | for(short i=current_position;i<_kernel_dimension;i++) |
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432 | if(M[i]!=min) |
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433 | M[i]=-1; |
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434 | else |
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435 | for(short j=0;j<columns;j++) |
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436 | M[i]+=H[i][j]*H[i][j]; |
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437 | // Again, at least one M[i] is positive! |
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438 | |
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439 | // determine vector to proceed with |
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440 | // This is the vector with the least common zero components with respect |
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441 | // to H[0], but the smallest possible norm. |
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442 | short min_index=0; |
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443 | for(short i=current_position;i<_kernel_dimension;i++) |
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444 | if(M[i]>0) |
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445 | if(min_index==0) |
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446 | min_index=i; |
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447 | else |
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448 | if(M[i]<M[min_index]) |
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449 | min_index=i; |
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450 | |
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451 | // Now, a multiple of H[min_index] will be added to the already constructed |
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452 | // vector H[0]. |
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453 | // For a better handling, it is swapped with the vector at current_position |
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454 | // (only pointers). |
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455 | |
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456 | if(min_index!=current_position) |
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457 | { |
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458 | BigInt* swap=H[min_index]; |
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459 | H[min_index]=H[current_position]; |
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460 | H[current_position]=swap; |
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461 | } |
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462 | |
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463 | |
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464 | // STEP 4: Choose a convenient multiple of H[current_position] to add to H[0]. |
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465 | // The number of factors "mult" that have to be tested is bounded by the |
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466 | // number of nonzero components in H[0] (for each such components, there is at |
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467 | // most one such factor that will eliminate it in the linear combination |
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468 | // H[0] + mult*H[current_position]. |
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469 | |
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470 | found=FALSE; |
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471 | |
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472 | for(short mult=1;found==FALSE;mult++) |
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473 | { |
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474 | found=TRUE; |
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475 | |
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476 | // check if any component !=0 of H[0] becomes zero by adding |
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477 | // mult*H[current_position] |
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478 | for(short j=0;j<columns;j++) |
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479 | if(H[0][j]!=0) |
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480 | if(H[0][j]+mult*H[current_position][j]==0) |
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481 | found=FALSE; |
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482 | |
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483 | if(found==TRUE) |
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484 | for(short j=0;j<columns;j++) |
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485 | H[0][j]+=mult*H[current_position][j]; |
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486 | |
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487 | else |
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488 | // try -mult |
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489 | { |
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490 | |
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491 | found=TRUE; |
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492 | |
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493 | // check if any component !=0 of H[0] becomes zero by subtracting |
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494 | // mult*H[current_position] |
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495 | for(short j=0;j<columns;j++) |
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496 | if(H[0][j]!=0) |
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497 | if(H[0][j]-mult*H[current_position][j]==0) |
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498 | found=FALSE; |
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499 | |
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500 | if(found==TRUE) |
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501 | for(short j=0;j<columns;j++) |
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502 | H[0][j]-=mult*H[current_position][j]; |
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503 | } |
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504 | |
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505 | } |
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506 | |
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507 | } |
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508 | |
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509 | |
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510 | // When reaching this line, an error must have occurred. |
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511 | cerr<<"FATAL ERROR in short matrix::compute_nonnegative_vector()"<<endl; |
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512 | abort(); |
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513 | |
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514 | } |
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515 | |
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516 | |
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517 | |
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518 | |
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519 | short matrix::compute_flip_variables(short*& F) |
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520 | { |
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521 | // first compute nonzero vector |
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522 | int okay=compute_nonzero_kernel_vector(); |
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523 | |
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524 | if(!okay) |
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525 | { |
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526 | cout<<"\nWARNING: short matrix::compute_flip_variables(short*&):\n" |
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527 | "kernel of the matrix contains no vector with nonzero components,\n" |
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528 | "no flip variables computed"<<endl; |
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529 | return -1; |
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530 | } |
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531 | |
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532 | // compute variables to flip; these might either be those corresponding |
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533 | // to the positive components of the kernel vector without zero components |
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534 | // or those corresponding to the negative ones |
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535 | |
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536 | short r=0; |
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537 | // number of flip variables |
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538 | |
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539 | for(short j=0;j<columns;j++) |
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540 | if(H[0][j]<0) |
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541 | r++; |
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542 | // remember that all components of H[0] are !=0 |
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543 | |
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544 | if(r==0) |
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545 | // no flip variables |
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546 | return 0; |
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547 | |
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548 | if(2*r>columns) |
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549 | // more negative than positive components in H[0] |
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550 | // all variables corresponding to positive components will be flipped |
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551 | { |
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552 | r=columns-r; |
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553 | F=new short[r]; |
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554 | short counter=0; |
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555 | for(short j=0;j<columns;j++) |
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556 | if(H[0][j]>0) |
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557 | { |
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558 | F[counter]=j; |
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559 | counter++; |
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560 | } |
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561 | } |
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562 | else |
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563 | // more (or as many) positive than negative components in v |
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564 | // all variables corresponding to negative components will be flipped |
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565 | { |
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566 | F=new short[r]; |
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567 | short counter=0; |
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568 | for(short j=0;j<columns;j++) |
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569 | if(H[0][j]<0) |
---|
570 | { |
---|
571 | F[counter]=j; |
---|
572 | counter++; |
---|
573 | } |
---|
574 | } |
---|
575 | |
---|
576 | return r; |
---|
577 | } |
---|
578 | |
---|
579 | |
---|
580 | |
---|
581 | |
---|
582 | short matrix::hosten_shapiro(short*& sat_var) |
---|
583 | { |
---|
584 | |
---|
585 | if(_kernel_dimension==-2) |
---|
586 | // lattice basis not yet computed |
---|
587 | LLL_kernel_basis(); |
---|
588 | |
---|
589 | if(_kernel_dimension==-1) |
---|
590 | { |
---|
591 | cerr<<"\nWARNING: short matrix::hosten_shapiro(short*&):\n" |
---|
592 | "error in kernel basis, cannot compute the saturation variables"<<endl; |
---|
593 | return 0; |
---|
594 | } |
---|
595 | |
---|
596 | if(_kernel_dimension==0) |
---|
597 | // the toric ideal corresponding to the kernel lattice is the zero ideal, |
---|
598 | // no saturation variables necessary |
---|
599 | return 0; |
---|
600 | |
---|
601 | // Now, the kernel dimension is positive. |
---|
602 | |
---|
603 | if(columns==1) |
---|
604 | // matrix consists of one zero column, kernel is generated by the vector |
---|
605 | // (1) corresponding to the toric ideal <x-1> which is already staurated |
---|
606 | return 0; |
---|
607 | |
---|
608 | short number_of_sat_var=0; |
---|
609 | sat_var=new short[columns/2]; |
---|
610 | |
---|
611 | BOOLEAN* ideal_saturated_by_var=new BOOLEAN[columns]; |
---|
612 | // auxiliary array used to remember by which variables the ideal has still to |
---|
613 | // be saturated |
---|
614 | for(short j=0;j<columns;j++) |
---|
615 | ideal_saturated_by_var[j]=FALSE; |
---|
616 | |
---|
617 | for(short k=0;k<_kernel_dimension;k++) |
---|
618 | { |
---|
619 | // determine number of positive and negative components in H[k] |
---|
620 | // corresponding to variables by which the ideal has still to be saturated |
---|
621 | short pos_sat_var=0; |
---|
622 | short neg_sat_var=0; |
---|
623 | |
---|
624 | for(short j=0;j<columns;j++) |
---|
625 | { |
---|
626 | if(ideal_saturated_by_var[j]==FALSE) |
---|
627 | { |
---|
628 | if(H[k][j]>0) |
---|
629 | pos_sat_var++; |
---|
630 | else |
---|
631 | if(H[k][j]<0) |
---|
632 | neg_sat_var++; |
---|
633 | } |
---|
634 | } |
---|
635 | |
---|
636 | |
---|
637 | // now add the smaller set to the saturation variables |
---|
638 | if(pos_sat_var<=neg_sat_var) |
---|
639 | { |
---|
640 | for(short j=0;j<columns;j++) |
---|
641 | if(ideal_saturated_by_var[j]==FALSE) |
---|
642 | if(H[k][j]>0) |
---|
643 | // ideal has to be saturated by the variables corresponding |
---|
644 | // to positive components |
---|
645 | { |
---|
646 | sat_var[number_of_sat_var]=j; |
---|
647 | ideal_saturated_by_var[j]=TRUE; |
---|
648 | number_of_sat_var++; |
---|
649 | } |
---|
650 | else |
---|
651 | if(H[k][j]<0) |
---|
652 | // then the ideal is automatically saturated by the variables |
---|
653 | // corresponding to negative components |
---|
654 | ideal_saturated_by_var[j]=TRUE; |
---|
655 | } |
---|
656 | else |
---|
657 | { |
---|
658 | for(short j=0;j<columns;j++) |
---|
659 | if(ideal_saturated_by_var[j]==FALSE) |
---|
660 | if(H[k][j]<0) |
---|
661 | // ideal has to be saturated by the variables corresponding |
---|
662 | // to negative components |
---|
663 | { |
---|
664 | sat_var[number_of_sat_var]=j; |
---|
665 | ideal_saturated_by_var[j]=TRUE; |
---|
666 | number_of_sat_var++; |
---|
667 | } |
---|
668 | else |
---|
669 | if(H[k][j]>0) |
---|
670 | // then the ideal is automatically saturated by the variables |
---|
671 | // corresponding to positive components |
---|
672 | ideal_saturated_by_var[j]=TRUE; |
---|
673 | } |
---|
674 | } |
---|
675 | |
---|
676 | // clean up memory |
---|
677 | delete[] ideal_saturated_by_var; |
---|
678 | |
---|
679 | return number_of_sat_var; |
---|
680 | } |
---|
681 | |
---|
682 | |
---|
683 | |
---|
684 | |
---|
685 | //////////////////// output /////////////////////////////////////////////// |
---|
686 | |
---|
687 | |
---|
688 | |
---|
689 | |
---|
690 | void matrix::print() const |
---|
691 | { |
---|
692 | printf("\n%3d x %3d\n",rows,columns); |
---|
693 | |
---|
694 | for(short i=0;i<rows;i++) |
---|
695 | { |
---|
696 | for(short j=0;j<columns;j++) |
---|
697 | printf("%6d",coefficients[i][j]); |
---|
698 | printf("\n"); |
---|
699 | } |
---|
700 | } |
---|
701 | |
---|
702 | |
---|
703 | void matrix::print(FILE *output) const |
---|
704 | { |
---|
705 | fprintf(output,"\n%3d x %3d\n",rows,columns); |
---|
706 | |
---|
707 | for(short i=0;i<rows;i++) |
---|
708 | { |
---|
709 | for(short j=0;j<columns;j++) |
---|
710 | fprintf(output,"%6d",coefficients[i][j]); |
---|
711 | fprintf(output,"\n"); |
---|
712 | } |
---|
713 | } |
---|
714 | |
---|
715 | |
---|
716 | void matrix::print(ofstream& output) const |
---|
717 | { |
---|
718 | output<<endl<<setw(3)<<rows<<" x "<<setw(3)<<columns<<endl; |
---|
719 | |
---|
720 | for(short i=0;i<rows;i++) |
---|
721 | { |
---|
722 | for(short j=0;j<columns;j++) |
---|
723 | output<<setw(6)<<coefficients[i][j]; |
---|
724 | output<<endl; |
---|
725 | } |
---|
726 | } |
---|
727 | #endif // matrix.cc |
---|