1 | ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// |
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2 | version="$Id$"; |
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3 | category="Noncommutative"; |
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4 | info=" |
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5 | LIBRARY: dmod.lib Algorithms for algebraic D-modules |
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6 | AUTHORS: Viktor Levandovskyy, levandov@math.rwth-aachen.de |
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7 | Jorge Martin Morales, jorge@unizar.es |
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8 | |
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9 | OVERVIEW: |
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10 | Theory: Let K be a field of characteristic 0. Given a polynomial ring |
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11 | R = K[x_1,...,x_n] and a polynomial F in R, |
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12 | one is interested in the R[1/F]-module of rank one, generated by |
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13 | the symbol F^s for a symbolic discrete variable s. |
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14 | In fact, the module R[1/F]*F^s has a structure of a D(R)[s]-module, where D(R) |
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15 | is an n-th Weyl algebra K<x_1,...,x_n,d_1,...,d_n | d_j x_j = x_j d_j +1> and |
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16 | D(R)[s] = D(R) tensored with K[s] over K. |
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17 | Constructively, one needs to find a left ideal I = I(F^s) in D(R), such |
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18 | that K[x_1,...,x_n,1/F]*F^s is isomorphic to D(R)/I as a D(R)-module. |
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19 | We often write just D for D(R) and D[s] for D(R)[s]. |
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20 | One is interested in the following data: |
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21 | - Ann F^s = I = I(F^s) in D(R)[s], denoted by LD in the output |
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22 | - global Bernstein polynomial in K[s], denoted by bs, |
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23 | - its minimal integer root s0, the list of all roots of bs, which are known |
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24 | to be rational, with their multiplicities, which is denoted by BS |
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25 | - Ann F^s0 = I(F^s0) in D(R), denoted by LD0 in the output |
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26 | (LD0 is a holonomic ideal in D(R)) |
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27 | - Ann^(1) F^s in D(R)[s], denoted by LD1 (logarithmic derivations) |
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28 | - an operator in D(R)[s], denoted by PS, such that the functional equality |
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29 | PS*F^(s+1) = bs*F^s holds in K[x_1,...,x_n,1/F]*F^s. |
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30 | |
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31 | References: |
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32 | We provide the following implementations of algorithms: |
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33 | @*(OT) the classical Ann F^s algorithm from Oaku and Takayama (Journal of |
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34 | Pure and Applied Math., 1999), |
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35 | @*(LOT) Levandovskyy's modification of the Oaku-Takayama algorithm (ISSAC 2007) |
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36 | @*(BM) the Ann F^s algorithm by Briancon and Maisonobe (Remarques sur |
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37 | l'ideal de Bernstein associe a des polynomes, preprint, 2002) |
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38 | @*(LM08) V. Levandovskyy and J. Martin-Morales, ISSAC 2008 |
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39 | @*(C) Countinho, A Primer of Algebraic D-Modules, |
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40 | @*(SST) Saito, Sturmfels, Takayama 'Groebner Deformations of Hypergeometric |
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41 | Differential Equations', Springer, 2000 |
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42 | |
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43 | |
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44 | Guide: |
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45 | @*- Ann F^s = I(F^s) = LD in D(R)[s] can be computed by Sannfs [BM, OT, LOT] |
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46 | @*- Ann^(1) F^s in D(R)[s] can be computed by Sannfslog |
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47 | @*- global Bernstein polynomial bs in K[s] can be computed by bernsteinBM |
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48 | @*- Ann F^s0 = I(F^s0) = LD0 in D(R) can be computed by annfs0, annfs, annfsBM, |
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49 | annfsOT, annfsLOT, annfs2, annfsRB etc. |
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50 | @*- all the relevant data to F^s (LD, LD0, bs, PS) are computed by operatorBM |
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51 | @*- operator PS can be computed via operatorModulo or operatorBM |
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52 | |
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53 | @*- annihilator of F^{s1} for a number s1 is computed with annfspecial |
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54 | @*- annihilator of F_1^s_1 * ... * F_p^s_p is computed with annfsBMI |
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55 | @*- computing the multiplicity of a rational number r in the Bernstein poly |
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56 | of a given ideal goes with checkRoot |
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57 | @*- check, whether a given univariate polynomial divides the Bernstein poly |
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58 | goes with checkFactor |
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59 | |
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60 | PROCEDURES: |
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61 | annfs(F[,S,eng]); compute Ann F^s0 in D and Bernstein polynomial for a poly F |
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62 | annfspecial(I, F, m, n); compute Ann F^n from Ann F^s for a polynomial F and a number n |
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63 | Sannfs(F[,S,eng]); compute Ann F^s in D[s] for a polynomial F |
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64 | Sannfslog(F[,eng]); compute Ann^(1) F^s in D[s] for a polynomial F |
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65 | bernsteinBM(F[,eng]); compute global Bernstein-Sato polynomial of a poly F (alg of Briancon-Maisonobe) |
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66 | bernsteinLift(I,F [,eng]); compute a multiple of Bernstein-Sato polynomial via lift-like procedure |
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67 | operatorBM(F[,eng]); compute Ann F^s, Ann F^s0, BS and PS for a poly F (algorithm of Briancon-Maisonobe) |
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68 | operatorModulo(F, I, b); compute PS via the modulo approach |
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69 | annfsParamBM(F[,eng]); compute the generic Ann F^s (algorithm by Briancon and Maisonobe) and exceptional parametric constellations for a polynomial F with parametric coefficients |
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70 | annfsBMI(F[,eng]); compute Ann F^s and Bernstein ideal for a polynomial F=f1*..*fP (multivariate algorithm of Briancon-Maisonobe) |
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71 | checkRoot(F,a[,S,eng]); check if a given rational is a root of the global Bernstein polynomial of F and compute its multiplicity |
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72 | SannfsBFCT(F[,eng]); compute Ann F^s in D[s] for a polynomial F (algorithm of Briancon-Maisonobe, other output ordering) |
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73 | annfs0(I,F [,eng]); compute Ann F^s0 in D and Bernstein polynomial from the known Ann F^s in D[s] |
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74 | annfs2(I,F [,eng]); compute Ann F^s0 in D and Bernstein polynomial from the known Ann F^s in D[s] by using a trick of Noro |
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75 | annfsRB(I,F [,eng]); compute Ann F^s0 in D and Bernstein polynomial from the known Ann F^s in D[s] by using Jacobian ideal |
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76 | checkFactor(I,F,q[,eng]); check whether a polynomial q in K[s] is a factor of the global Bernstein polynomial of F from the known Ann F^s in D[s] |
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77 | |
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78 | |
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79 | arrange(p); create a poly, describing a full hyperplane arrangement |
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80 | reiffen(p,q); create a poly, describing a Reiffen curve |
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81 | isHolonomic(M); check whether a module is holonomic |
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82 | convloc(L); replace global orderings with local in the ringlist L |
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83 | minIntRoot(P,fact); minimal integer root among the roots of a maximal ideal P |
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84 | varNum(s); the number of the variable with the name s |
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85 | isRational(n); check whether n is a rational number |
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86 | |
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87 | SEE ALSO: bfun_lib, dmodapp_lib, dmodvar_lib, gmssing_lib |
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88 | |
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89 | KEYWORDS: D-module; D-module structure; left annihilator ideal; Bernstein-Sato polynomial; global Bernstein-Sato polynomial; |
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90 | Weyl algebra; Bernstein operator; logarithmic annihilator ideal; parametric annihilator; root of Bernstein-Sato polynomial; |
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91 | hyperplane arrangement; Oaku-Takayama algorithm; Briancon-Maisonobe algorithm; LOT algorithm |
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92 | "; |
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93 | |
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94 | // reworked by JM+VL on 9.3.2010: Sannfslog |
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95 | // added by VL on 2.3.2010: bernsteinLift |
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96 | // ****** commented out for better readability by VL on 2.3.2010 |
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97 | // annfsBM(F[,eng]); compute Ann F^s0 in D and Bernstein polynomial for a polynomial F (algorithm of Briancon-Maisonobe) |
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98 | // annfsLOT(F[,eng]); compute Ann F^s0 in D and Bernstein polynomial for a polynomial F (Levandovskyy modification of the Oaku-Takayama algorithm) |
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99 | // annfsOT(F[,eng]); compute Ann F^s0 in D and Bernstein polynomial for a polynomial F (algorithm of Oaku-Takayama) |
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100 | // SannfsBM(F[,eng]); compute Ann F^s in D[s] for a polynomial F (algorithm of Briancon-Maisonobe) |
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101 | // SannfsLOT(F[,eng]); compute Ann F^s in D[s] for a polynomial F (Levandovskyy modification of the Oaku-Takayama algorithm) |
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102 | // SannfsOT(F[,eng]); compute Ann F^s in D[s] for a polynomial F (algorithm of Oaku-Takayama) |
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103 | // checkRoot1(I,F,a[,eng]); check whether a rational is a root of the global Bernstein polynomial of F from the known Ann F^s in D[s] |
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104 | // checkRoot2(I,F,a[,eng]); check whether a rational is a root of the global Bernstein polynomial of F and compute its multiplicity from the known Ann F^s in D[s] |
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105 | |
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106 | LIB "matrix.lib"; // for submat |
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107 | LIB "nctools.lib"; // makeModElimRing etc. |
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108 | LIB "elim.lib"; // for nselect |
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109 | LIB "qhmoduli.lib"; // for Max |
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110 | LIB "gkdim.lib"; |
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111 | LIB "gmssing.lib"; |
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112 | LIB "control.lib"; // for genericity |
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113 | LIB "dmodapp.lib"; // for e.g. engine |
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114 | LIB "poly.lib"; |
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115 | |
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116 | proc testdmodlib() |
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117 | { |
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118 | /* tests all procs for consistency */ |
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119 | /* adding the new proc, add it here */ |
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120 | |
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121 | "MAIN PROCEDURES:"; |
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122 | example annfs; |
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123 | example Sannfs; |
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124 | example Sannfslog; |
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125 | example bernsteinBM; |
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126 | example operatorBM; |
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127 | example annfspecial; |
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128 | example annfsParamBM; |
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129 | example annfsBMI; |
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130 | example checkRoot; |
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131 | example annfs0; |
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132 | example annfs2; |
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133 | example annfsRB; |
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134 | example annfs2; |
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135 | example operatorModulo; |
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136 | "SECONDARY D-MOD PROCEDURES:"; |
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137 | example annfsBM; |
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138 | example annfsLOT; |
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139 | example annfsOT; |
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140 | example SannfsBM; |
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141 | example SannfsLOT; |
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142 | example SannfsOT; |
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143 | example SannfsBFCT; |
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144 | example checkRoot1; |
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145 | example checkRoot2; |
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146 | example checkFactor; |
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147 | } |
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148 | |
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149 | |
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150 | |
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151 | // new top-level procedures |
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152 | proc annfs(poly F, list #) |
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153 | "USAGE: annfs(f [,S,eng]); f a poly, S a string, eng an optional int |
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154 | RETURN: ring |
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155 | PURPOSE: compute the D-module structure of basering[1/f]*f^s with the algorithm |
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156 | @* given in S and with the Groebner basis engine given in ''eng'' |
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157 | NOTE: activate the output ring with the @code{setring} command. |
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158 | @* String S; S can be one of the following: |
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159 | @* 'bm' (default) - for the algorithm of Briancon and Maisonobe, |
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160 | @* 'ot' - for the algorithm of Oaku and Takayama, |
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161 | @* 'lot' - for the Levandovskyy's modification of the algorithm of OT. |
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162 | @* If eng <>0, @code{std} is used for Groebner basis computations, |
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163 | @* otherwise and by default @code{slimgb} is used. |
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164 | @* In the output ring: |
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165 | @* - the ideal LD (which is a Groebner basis) is the needed D-module structure, |
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166 | @* - the list BS contains roots and multiplicities of a BS-polynomial of f. |
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167 | DISPLAY: If @code{printlevel}=1, progress debug messages will be printed, |
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168 | @* if @code{printlevel}>=2, all the debug messages will be printed. |
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169 | EXAMPLE: example annfs; shows examples |
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170 | " |
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171 | { |
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172 | int eng = 0; |
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173 | int chs = 0; // choice |
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174 | string algo = "bm"; |
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175 | string st; |
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176 | if ( size(#)>0 ) |
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177 | { |
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178 | if ( typeof(#[1]) == "string" ) |
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179 | { |
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180 | st = string(#[1]); |
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181 | if ( (st == "BM") || (st == "Bm") || (st == "bM") ||(st == "bm")) |
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182 | { |
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183 | algo = "bm"; |
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184 | chs = 1; |
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185 | } |
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186 | if ( (st == "OT") || (st == "Ot") || (st == "oT") || (st == "ot")) |
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187 | { |
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188 | algo = "ot"; |
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189 | chs = 1; |
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190 | } |
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191 | if ( (st == "LOT") || (st == "lOT") || (st == "Lot") || (st == "lot")) |
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192 | { |
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193 | algo = "lot"; |
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194 | chs = 1; |
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195 | } |
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196 | if (chs != 1) |
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197 | { |
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198 | // incorrect value of S |
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199 | print("Incorrect algorithm given, proceed with the default BM"); |
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200 | algo = "bm"; |
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201 | } |
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202 | // second arg |
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203 | if (size(#)>1) |
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204 | { |
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205 | // exists 2nd arg |
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206 | if ( typeof(#[2]) == "int" ) |
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207 | { |
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208 | // the case: given alg, given engine |
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209 | eng = int(#[2]); |
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210 | } |
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211 | else |
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212 | { |
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213 | eng = 0; |
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214 | } |
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215 | } |
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216 | else |
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217 | { |
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218 | // no second arg |
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219 | eng = 0; |
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220 | } |
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221 | } |
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222 | else |
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223 | { |
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224 | if ( typeof(#[1]) == "int" ) |
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225 | { |
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226 | // the case: default alg, engine |
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227 | eng = int(#[1]); |
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228 | // algo = "bm"; //is already set |
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229 | } |
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230 | else |
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231 | { |
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232 | // incorr. 1st arg |
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233 | algo = "bm"; |
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234 | } |
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235 | } |
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236 | } |
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237 | |
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238 | // size(#)=0, i.e. there is no algorithm and no engine given |
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239 | // eng = 0; algo = "bm"; //are already set |
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240 | // int ppl = printlevel-voice+2; |
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241 | |
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242 | int old_printlevel = printlevel; |
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243 | printlevel=printlevel+1; |
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244 | def save = basering; |
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245 | if ( algo=="ot") |
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246 | { |
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247 | def @A = annfsOT(F,eng); |
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248 | } |
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249 | else |
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250 | { |
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251 | if ( algo=="lot") |
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252 | { |
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253 | def @A = annfsLOT(F,eng); |
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254 | } |
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255 | else |
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256 | { |
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257 | // bm = default |
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258 | def @A = annfsBM(F,eng); |
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259 | } |
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260 | } |
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261 | printlevel = old_printlevel; |
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262 | return(@A); |
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263 | } |
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264 | example |
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265 | { |
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266 | "EXAMPLE:"; echo = 2; |
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267 | ring r = 0,(x,y,z),Dp; |
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268 | poly F = z*x^2+y^3; |
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269 | def A = annfs(F); // here, the default BM algorithm will be used |
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270 | setring A; // the Weyl algebra in (x,y,z,Dx,Dy,Dz) |
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271 | LD; //the annihilator of F^{-1} over A |
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272 | BS; // roots with multiplicities of BS polynomial |
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273 | } |
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274 | |
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275 | |
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276 | proc Sannfs(poly F, list #) |
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277 | "USAGE: Sannfs(f [,S,eng]); f a poly, S a string, eng an optional int |
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278 | RETURN: ring |
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279 | PURPOSE: compute the D-module structure of basering[f^s] with the algorithm |
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280 | @* given in S and with the Groebner basis engine given in eng |
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281 | NOTE: activate the output ring with the @code{setring} command. |
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282 | @* The value of a string S can be |
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283 | @* 'bm' (default) - for the algorithm of Briancon and Maisonobe, |
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284 | @* 'lot' - for the Levandovskyy's modification of the algorithm of OT, |
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285 | @* 'ot' - for the algorithm of Oaku and Takayama. |
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286 | @* If eng <>0, @code{std} is used for Groebner basis computations, |
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287 | @* otherwise, and by default @code{slimgb} is used. |
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288 | @* In the output ring: |
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289 | @* - the ideal LD is the needed D-module structure. |
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290 | DISPLAY: If @code{printlevel}=1, progress debug messages will be printed, |
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291 | @* if @code{printlevel}>=2, all the debug messages will be printed. |
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292 | EXAMPLE: example Sannfs; shows examples |
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293 | " |
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294 | { |
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295 | int eng = 0; |
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296 | int chs = 0; // choice |
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297 | string algo = "bm"; |
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298 | string st; |
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299 | if ( size(#)>0 ) |
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300 | { |
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301 | if ( typeof(#[1]) == "string" ) |
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302 | { |
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303 | st = string(#[1]); |
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304 | if ( (st == "BM") || (st == "Bm") || (st == "bM") ||(st == "bm")) |
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305 | { |
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306 | algo = "bm"; |
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307 | chs = 1; |
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308 | } |
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309 | if ( (st == "OT") || (st == "Ot") || (st == "oT") || (st == "ot")) |
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310 | { |
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311 | algo = "ot"; |
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312 | chs = 1; |
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313 | } |
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314 | if ( (st == "LOT") || (st == "lOT") || (st == "Lot") || (st == "lot")) |
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315 | { |
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316 | algo = "lot"; |
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317 | chs = 1; |
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318 | } |
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319 | if (chs != 1) |
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320 | { |
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321 | // incorrect value of S |
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322 | print("Incorrect algorithm given, proceed with the default BM"); |
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323 | algo = "bm"; |
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324 | } |
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325 | // second arg |
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326 | if (size(#)>1) |
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327 | { |
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328 | // exists 2nd arg |
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329 | if ( typeof(#[2]) == "int" ) |
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330 | { |
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331 | // the case: given alg, given engine |
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332 | eng = int(#[2]); |
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333 | } |
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334 | else |
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335 | { |
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336 | eng = 0; |
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337 | } |
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338 | } |
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339 | else |
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340 | { |
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341 | // no second arg |
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342 | eng = 0; |
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343 | } |
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344 | } |
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345 | else |
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346 | { |
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347 | if ( typeof(#[1]) == "int" ) |
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348 | { |
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349 | // the case: default alg, engine |
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350 | eng = int(#[1]); |
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351 | // algo = "bm"; //is already set |
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352 | } |
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353 | else |
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354 | { |
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355 | // incorr. 1st arg |
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356 | algo = "bm"; |
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357 | } |
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358 | } |
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359 | } |
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360 | // size(#)=0, i.e. there is no algorithm and no engine given |
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361 | // eng = 0; algo = "bm"; //are already set |
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362 | // int ppl = printlevel-voice+2; |
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363 | printlevel=printlevel+1; |
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364 | def save = basering; |
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365 | if ( algo=="ot") |
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366 | { |
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367 | def @A = SannfsOT(F,eng); |
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368 | } |
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369 | else |
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370 | { |
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371 | if ( algo=="lot") |
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372 | { |
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373 | def @A = SannfsLOT(F,eng); |
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374 | } |
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375 | else |
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376 | { |
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377 | // bm = default |
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378 | def @A = SannfsBM(F,eng); |
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379 | } |
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380 | } |
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381 | printlevel=printlevel-1; |
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382 | return(@A); |
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383 | } |
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384 | example |
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385 | { |
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386 | "EXAMPLE:"; echo = 2; |
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387 | ring r = 0,(x,y,z),Dp; |
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388 | poly F = x^3+y^3+z^3; |
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389 | printlevel = 0; |
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390 | def A = Sannfs(F); // here, the default BM algorithm will be used |
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391 | setring A; |
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392 | LD; |
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393 | } |
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394 | |
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395 | proc Sannfslog (poly F, list #) |
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396 | "USAGE: Sannfslog(f [,eng]); f a poly, eng an optional int |
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397 | RETURN: ring |
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398 | PURPOSE: compute the D-module structure of basering[1/f]*f^s |
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399 | NOTE: activate the output ring with the @code{setring} command. |
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400 | @* In the output ring D[s], the ideal LD1 is generated by the elements |
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401 | @* in Ann F^s in D[s], coming from logarithmic derivations. |
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402 | @* If eng <>0, @code{std} is used for Groebner basis computations, |
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403 | @* otherwise, and by default @code{slimgb} is used. |
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404 | DISPLAY: If @code{printlevel}=1, progress debug messages will be printed, |
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405 | @* if @code{printlevel}>=2, all the debug messages will be printed. |
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406 | EXAMPLE: example Sannfslog; shows examples |
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407 | " |
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408 | { |
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409 | int eng = 0; |
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410 | if ( size(#)>0 ) |
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411 | { |
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412 | if ( typeof(#[1]) == "int" ) |
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413 | { |
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414 | eng = int(#[1]); |
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415 | } |
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416 | } |
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417 | int ppl = printlevel-voice+2; |
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418 | def save = basering; |
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419 | int N = nvars(basering); |
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420 | int Nnew = 2*N+1; |
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421 | int i; |
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422 | string s; |
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423 | list RL = ringlist(basering); |
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424 | list L, Lord; |
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425 | list tmp; |
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426 | intvec iv; |
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427 | L[1] = RL[1]; // char |
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428 | L[4] = RL[4]; // char, minpoly |
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429 | // check whether vars have admissible names |
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430 | list Name = RL[2]; |
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431 | for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
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432 | { |
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433 | if (Name[i] == "s") |
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434 | { |
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435 | ERROR("Variable names should not include s"); |
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436 | } |
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437 | } |
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438 | // the ideal I |
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439 | ideal I = -F, jacob(F); |
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440 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-1- starting the computation of syz(-F,_Dx(F))"); |
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441 | dbprint(ppl-1, I); |
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442 | matrix M = syz(I); |
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443 | M = transpose(M); // it is more usefull working with columns |
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444 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-2- the module syz(-F,_Dx(F)) has been computed"); |
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445 | dbprint(ppl-1, M); |
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446 | // ------------ the ring @R ------------ |
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447 | // _x, _Dx, s; elim.ord for _x,_Dx. |
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448 | // now, create the names for new vars |
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449 | list DName; |
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450 | for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
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451 | { |
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452 | DName[i] = "D"+Name[i]; // concat |
---|
453 | } |
---|
454 | tmp[1] = "s"; |
---|
455 | list NName; |
---|
456 | NName = Name + DName + tmp; |
---|
457 | L[2] = NName; |
---|
458 | tmp = 0; |
---|
459 | // block ord (dp(N),dp); |
---|
460 | s = "iv="; |
---|
461 | for (i=1; i<=Nnew-1; i++) |
---|
462 | { |
---|
463 | s = s+"1,"; |
---|
464 | } |
---|
465 | s[size(s)]=";"; |
---|
466 | execute(s); |
---|
467 | tmp[1] = "dp"; // string |
---|
468 | tmp[2] = iv; // intvec |
---|
469 | Lord[1] = tmp; |
---|
470 | // continue with dp 1,1,1,1... |
---|
471 | tmp[1] = "dp"; // string |
---|
472 | s[size(s)] = ","; |
---|
473 | s = s+"1;"; |
---|
474 | execute(s); |
---|
475 | kill s; |
---|
476 | kill NName; |
---|
477 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
478 | Lord[2] = tmp; |
---|
479 | tmp[1] = "C"; iv = 0; tmp[2]=iv; |
---|
480 | Lord[3] = tmp; tmp = 0; |
---|
481 | L[3] = Lord; |
---|
482 | // we are done with the list. Now add a Plural part |
---|
483 | def @R@ = ring(L); |
---|
484 | setring @R@; |
---|
485 | matrix @D[Nnew][Nnew]; |
---|
486 | for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
487 | { |
---|
488 | @D[i,N+i]=1; |
---|
489 | } |
---|
490 | def @R = nc_algebra(1,@D); |
---|
491 | setring @R; |
---|
492 | kill @R@; |
---|
493 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-1- the ring @R(_x,_Dx,s) is ready"); |
---|
494 | dbprint(ppl-1, @R); |
---|
495 | matrix M = imap(save,M); |
---|
496 | // now, create the vector [-s,_Dx] |
---|
497 | vector v = [-s]; // now s is a variable |
---|
498 | for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
499 | { |
---|
500 | v = v + var(i+N)*gen(i+1); |
---|
501 | } |
---|
502 | ideal J = ideal(M*v); |
---|
503 | // make leadcoeffs positive |
---|
504 | for (i=1; i<= ncols(J); i++) |
---|
505 | { |
---|
506 | if ( leadcoef(J[i])<0 ) |
---|
507 | { |
---|
508 | J[i] = -J[i]; |
---|
509 | } |
---|
510 | } |
---|
511 | ideal LD1 = J; |
---|
512 | kill J; |
---|
513 | export LD1; |
---|
514 | return(@R); |
---|
515 | } |
---|
516 | example |
---|
517 | { |
---|
518 | "EXAMPLE:"; echo = 2; |
---|
519 | ring r = 0,(x,y),Dp; |
---|
520 | poly F = x4+y5+x*y4; |
---|
521 | printlevel = 0; |
---|
522 | def A = Sannfslog(F); |
---|
523 | setring A; |
---|
524 | LD1; |
---|
525 | } |
---|
526 | |
---|
527 | // JM+VL: output ring restructured into "normal" |
---|
528 | |
---|
529 | // proc Sannfslog (poly F, list #) |
---|
530 | // "USAGE: Sannfslog(f [,eng]); f a poly, eng an optional int |
---|
531 | // RETURN: ring |
---|
532 | // PURPOSE: compute the D-module structure of basering[1/f]*f^s |
---|
533 | // NOTE: activate the output ring with the @code{setring} command. |
---|
534 | // @* In the output ring D[s], the ideal LD1 is generated by the elements |
---|
535 | // @* in Ann F^s in D[s], coming from logarithmic derivations. |
---|
536 | // @* If eng <>0, @code{std} is used for Groebner basis computations, |
---|
537 | // @* otherwise, and by default @code{slimgb} is used. |
---|
538 | // DISPLAY: If @code{printlevel}=1, progress debug messages will be printed, |
---|
539 | // @* if @code{printlevel}>=2, all the debug messages will be printed. |
---|
540 | // EXAMPLE: example Sannfslog; shows examples |
---|
541 | // " |
---|
542 | // { |
---|
543 | // int eng = 0; |
---|
544 | // if ( size(#)>0 ) |
---|
545 | // { |
---|
546 | // if ( typeof(#[1]) == "int" ) |
---|
547 | // { |
---|
548 | // eng = int(#[1]); |
---|
549 | // } |
---|
550 | // } |
---|
551 | // int ppl = printlevel-voice+2; |
---|
552 | // def save = basering; |
---|
553 | // int N = nvars(basering); |
---|
554 | // int Nnew = 2*N+1; |
---|
555 | // int i; |
---|
556 | // string s; |
---|
557 | // list RL = ringlist(basering); |
---|
558 | // list L, Lord; |
---|
559 | // list tmp; |
---|
560 | // intvec iv; |
---|
561 | // L[1] = RL[1]; // char |
---|
562 | // L[4] = RL[4]; // char, minpoly |
---|
563 | // // check whether vars have admissible names |
---|
564 | // list Name = RL[2]; |
---|
565 | // for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
566 | // { |
---|
567 | // if (Name[i] == "s") |
---|
568 | // { |
---|
569 | // ERROR("Variable names should not include s"); |
---|
570 | // } |
---|
571 | // } |
---|
572 | // // the ideal I |
---|
573 | // ideal I = -F, jacob(F); |
---|
574 | // dbprint(ppl,"// -1-1- starting the computation of syz(-F,_Dx(F))"); |
---|
575 | // dbprint(ppl-1, I); |
---|
576 | // matrix M = syz(I); |
---|
577 | // M = transpose(M); // it is more usefull working with columns |
---|
578 | // dbprint(ppl,"// -1-2- the module syz(-F,_Dx(F)) has been computed"); |
---|
579 | // dbprint(ppl-1, M); |
---|
580 | // // ------------ the ring @R ------------ |
---|
581 | // // _x, _Dx, s; elim.ord for _x,_Dx. |
---|
582 | // // now, create the names for new vars |
---|
583 | // list DName; |
---|
584 | // for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
585 | // { |
---|
586 | // DName[i] = "D"+Name[i]; // concat |
---|
587 | // } |
---|
588 | // tmp[1] = "s"; |
---|
589 | // list NName; |
---|
590 | // for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
591 | // { |
---|
592 | // NName[2*i-1] = Name[i]; |
---|
593 | // NName[2*i] = DName[i]; |
---|
594 | // //NName[2*i-1] = DName[i]; |
---|
595 | // //NName[2*i] = Name[i]; |
---|
596 | // } |
---|
597 | // NName[Nnew] = tmp[1]; |
---|
598 | // L[2] = NName; |
---|
599 | // tmp = 0; |
---|
600 | // // block ord (a(1,1),a(0,0,1,1),...,dp); |
---|
601 | // //list("a",intvec(1,1)), list("a",intvec(0,0,1,1)), ... |
---|
602 | // tmp[1] = "a"; // string |
---|
603 | // for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
604 | // { |
---|
605 | // iv[2*i-1] = 1; |
---|
606 | // iv[2*i] = 1; |
---|
607 | // tmp[2] = iv; iv = 0; // intvec |
---|
608 | // Lord[i] = tmp; |
---|
609 | // } |
---|
610 | // //list("dp",intvec(1,1,1,1,1,...)) |
---|
611 | // s = "iv="; |
---|
612 | // for (i=1; i<=Nnew; i++) |
---|
613 | // { |
---|
614 | // s = s+"1,"; |
---|
615 | // } |
---|
616 | // s[size(s)]=";"; |
---|
617 | // execute(s); |
---|
618 | // kill s; |
---|
619 | // tmp[1] = "dp"; // string |
---|
620 | // tmp[2] = iv; // intvec |
---|
621 | // Lord[N+1] = tmp; |
---|
622 | // //list("C",intvec(0)) |
---|
623 | // tmp[1] = "C"; // string |
---|
624 | // iv = 0; |
---|
625 | // tmp[2] = iv; // intvec |
---|
626 | // Lord[N+2] = tmp; |
---|
627 | // tmp = 0; |
---|
628 | // L[3] = Lord; |
---|
629 | // // we are done with the list. Now add a Plural part |
---|
630 | // def @R@ = ring(L); |
---|
631 | // setring @R@; |
---|
632 | // matrix @D[Nnew][Nnew]; |
---|
633 | // for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
634 | // { |
---|
635 | // @D[2*i-1,2*i]=1; |
---|
636 | // //@D[2*i-1,2*i]=-1; |
---|
637 | // } |
---|
638 | // def @R = nc_algebra(1,@D); |
---|
639 | // setring @R; |
---|
640 | // kill @R@; |
---|
641 | // dbprint(ppl,"// -2-1- the ring @R(_x,_Dx,s) is ready"); |
---|
642 | // dbprint(ppl-1, @R); |
---|
643 | // matrix M = imap(save,M); |
---|
644 | // // now, create the vector [-s,_Dx] |
---|
645 | // vector v = [-s]; // now s is a variable |
---|
646 | // for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
647 | // { |
---|
648 | // v = v + var(2*i)*gen(i+1); |
---|
649 | // //v = v + var(2*i-1)*gen(i+1); |
---|
650 | // } |
---|
651 | // ideal J = ideal(M*v); |
---|
652 | // // make leadcoeffs positive |
---|
653 | // for (i=1; i<= ncols(J); i++) |
---|
654 | // { |
---|
655 | // if ( leadcoef(J[i])<0 ) |
---|
656 | // { |
---|
657 | // J[i] = -J[i]; |
---|
658 | // } |
---|
659 | // } |
---|
660 | // ideal LD1 = J; |
---|
661 | // kill J; |
---|
662 | // export LD1; |
---|
663 | // return(@R); |
---|
664 | // } |
---|
665 | // example |
---|
666 | // { |
---|
667 | // "EXAMPLE:"; echo = 2; |
---|
668 | // ring r = 0,(x,y),Dp; |
---|
669 | // poly F = x^4+y^5+x*y^4; |
---|
670 | // printlevel = 0; |
---|
671 | // def A = Sannfslog(F); |
---|
672 | // setring A; |
---|
673 | // LD1; |
---|
674 | // } |
---|
675 | |
---|
676 | |
---|
677 | // alternative code for SannfsBM, renamed from annfsBM to ALTannfsBM |
---|
678 | // is superfluos - will not be included in the official documentation |
---|
679 | static proc ALTannfsBM (poly F, list #) |
---|
680 | "USAGE: ALTannfsBM(f [,eng]); f a poly, eng an optional int |
---|
681 | RETURN: ring |
---|
682 | PURPOSE: compute the annihilator ideal of f^s in D[s], where D is the Weyl |
---|
683 | @* algebra, according to the algorithm by Briancon and Maisonobe |
---|
684 | NOTE: activate the output ring with the @code{setring} command. In this ring, |
---|
685 | @* - the ideal LD is the annihilator of f^s. |
---|
686 | @* If eng <>0, @code{std} is used for Groebner basis computations, |
---|
687 | @* otherwise, and by default @code{slimgb} is used. |
---|
688 | DISPLAY: If @code{printlevel}=1, progress debug messages will be printed, |
---|
689 | @* if @code{printlevel}>=2, all the debug messages will be printed. |
---|
690 | EXAMPLE: example ALTannfsBM; shows examples |
---|
691 | " |
---|
692 | { |
---|
693 | int eng = 0; |
---|
694 | if ( size(#)>0 ) |
---|
695 | { |
---|
696 | if ( typeof(#[1]) == "int" ) |
---|
697 | { |
---|
698 | eng = int(#[1]); |
---|
699 | } |
---|
700 | } |
---|
701 | // returns a list with a ring and an ideal LD in it |
---|
702 | int ppl = printlevel-voice+2; |
---|
703 | // printf("plevel :%s, voice: %s",printlevel,voice); |
---|
704 | def save = basering; |
---|
705 | int N = nvars(basering); |
---|
706 | int Nnew = 2*N+2; |
---|
707 | int i,j; |
---|
708 | string s; |
---|
709 | list RL = ringlist(basering); |
---|
710 | list L, Lord; |
---|
711 | list tmp; |
---|
712 | intvec iv; |
---|
713 | L[1] = RL[1]; //char |
---|
714 | L[4] = RL[4]; //char, minpoly |
---|
715 | // check whether vars have admissible names |
---|
716 | list Name = RL[2]; |
---|
717 | list RName; |
---|
718 | RName[1] = "t"; |
---|
719 | RName[2] = "s"; |
---|
720 | for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
721 | { |
---|
722 | for(j=1; j<=size(RName); j++) |
---|
723 | { |
---|
724 | if (Name[i] == RName[j]) |
---|
725 | { |
---|
726 | ERROR("Variable names should not include t,s"); |
---|
727 | } |
---|
728 | } |
---|
729 | } |
---|
730 | // now, create the names for new vars |
---|
731 | list DName; |
---|
732 | for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
733 | { |
---|
734 | DName[i] = "D"+Name[i]; //concat |
---|
735 | } |
---|
736 | tmp[1] = "t"; |
---|
737 | tmp[2] = "s"; |
---|
738 | list NName = tmp + Name + DName; |
---|
739 | L[2] = NName; |
---|
740 | // Name, Dname will be used further |
---|
741 | kill NName; |
---|
742 | // block ord (lp(2),dp); |
---|
743 | tmp[1] = "lp"; // string |
---|
744 | iv = 1,1; |
---|
745 | tmp[2] = iv; //intvec |
---|
746 | Lord[1] = tmp; |
---|
747 | // continue with dp 1,1,1,1... |
---|
748 | tmp[1] = "dp"; // string |
---|
749 | s = "iv="; |
---|
750 | for (i=1; i<=Nnew; i++) |
---|
751 | { |
---|
752 | s = s+"1,"; |
---|
753 | } |
---|
754 | s[size(s)]= ";"; |
---|
755 | execute(s); |
---|
756 | kill s; |
---|
757 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
758 | Lord[2] = tmp; |
---|
759 | tmp[1] = "C"; |
---|
760 | iv = 0; |
---|
761 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
762 | Lord[3] = tmp; |
---|
763 | tmp = 0; |
---|
764 | L[3] = Lord; |
---|
765 | // we are done with the list |
---|
766 | def @R@ = ring(L); |
---|
767 | setring @R@; |
---|
768 | matrix @D[Nnew][Nnew]; |
---|
769 | @D[1,2]=t; |
---|
770 | for(i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
771 | { |
---|
772 | @D[2+i,N+2+i]=1; |
---|
773 | } |
---|
774 | // L[5] = matrix(UpOneMatrix(Nnew)); |
---|
775 | // L[6] = @D; |
---|
776 | def @R = nc_algebra(1,@D); |
---|
777 | setring @R; |
---|
778 | kill @R@; |
---|
779 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-1- the ring @R(t,s,_x,_Dx) is ready"); |
---|
780 | dbprint(ppl-1, @R); |
---|
781 | // create the ideal I |
---|
782 | poly F = imap(save,F); |
---|
783 | ideal I = t*F+s; |
---|
784 | poly p; |
---|
785 | for(i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
786 | { |
---|
787 | p = t; //t |
---|
788 | p = diff(F,var(2+i))*p; |
---|
789 | I = I, var(N+2+i) + p; |
---|
790 | } |
---|
791 | // -------- the ideal I is ready ---------- |
---|
792 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-2- starting the elimination of t in @R"); |
---|
793 | dbprint(ppl-1, I); |
---|
794 | ideal J = engine(I,eng); |
---|
795 | ideal K = nselect(J,1); |
---|
796 | kill I,J; |
---|
797 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-3- t is eliminated"); |
---|
798 | dbprint(ppl-1, K); //K is without t |
---|
799 | // create Dn[s], where Dn is the ordinary Weyl Algebra, and put the result into it, |
---|
800 | // thus creating the ring @R2 |
---|
801 | // keep: N, i,j,s, tmp, RL |
---|
802 | setring save; |
---|
803 | Nnew = 2*N+1; |
---|
804 | // list RL = ringlist(save); //is defined earlier |
---|
805 | kill Lord, tmp, iv; |
---|
806 | L = 0; |
---|
807 | list Lord, tmp; |
---|
808 | intvec iv; |
---|
809 | L[1] = RL[1]; |
---|
810 | L[4] = RL[4]; //char, minpoly |
---|
811 | // check whether vars have admissible names -> done earlier |
---|
812 | // list Name = RL[2] |
---|
813 | // DName is defined earlier |
---|
814 | tmp[1] = "s"; |
---|
815 | list NName = Name + DName + tmp; |
---|
816 | L[2] = NName; |
---|
817 | // dp ordering; |
---|
818 | string s = "iv="; |
---|
819 | for (i=1; i<=Nnew; i++) |
---|
820 | { |
---|
821 | s = s+"1,"; |
---|
822 | } |
---|
823 | s[size(s)] = ";"; |
---|
824 | execute(s); |
---|
825 | kill s; |
---|
826 | tmp = 0; |
---|
827 | tmp[1] = "dp"; //string |
---|
828 | tmp[2] = iv; //intvec |
---|
829 | Lord[1] = tmp; |
---|
830 | tmp[1] = "C"; |
---|
831 | iv = 0; |
---|
832 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
833 | Lord[2] = tmp; |
---|
834 | tmp = 0; |
---|
835 | L[3] = Lord; |
---|
836 | // we are done with the list |
---|
837 | // Add: Plural part |
---|
838 | def @R2@ = ring(L); |
---|
839 | setring @R2@; |
---|
840 | matrix @D[Nnew][Nnew]; |
---|
841 | for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
842 | { |
---|
843 | @D[i,N+i]=1; |
---|
844 | } |
---|
845 | def @R2 = nc_algebra(1,@D); |
---|
846 | setring @R2; |
---|
847 | kill @R2@; |
---|
848 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-1- the ring @R2(_x,_Dx,s) is ready"); |
---|
849 | dbprint(ppl-1, @R2); |
---|
850 | ideal K = imap(@R,K); |
---|
851 | option(redSB); |
---|
852 | //dbprint(ppl,"// -2-2- the final cosmetic std"); |
---|
853 | //K = engine(K,eng); //std does the job too |
---|
854 | // total cleanup |
---|
855 | kill @R; |
---|
856 | ideal LD = K; |
---|
857 | export LD; |
---|
858 | return(@R2); |
---|
859 | } |
---|
860 | example |
---|
861 | { |
---|
862 | "EXAMPLE:"; echo = 2; |
---|
863 | ring r = 0,(x,y,z,w),Dp; |
---|
864 | poly F = x^3+y^3+z^2*w; |
---|
865 | printlevel = 0; |
---|
866 | def A = ALTannfsBM(F); |
---|
867 | setring A; |
---|
868 | LD; |
---|
869 | } |
---|
870 | |
---|
871 | proc bernsteinBM(poly F, list #) |
---|
872 | "USAGE: bernsteinBM(f [,eng]); f a poly, eng an optional int |
---|
873 | RETURN: list (of roots of the Bernstein polynomial b and their multiplicies) |
---|
874 | PURPOSE: compute the global Bernstein-Sato polynomial for a hypersurface, |
---|
875 | @* defined by f, according to the algorithm by Briancon and Maisonobe |
---|
876 | NOTE: If eng <>0, @code{std} is used for Groebner basis computations, |
---|
877 | @* otherwise, and by default @code{slimgb} is used. |
---|
878 | DISPLAY: If @code{printlevel}=1, progress debug messages will be printed, |
---|
879 | @* if @code{printlevel}>=2, all the debug messages will be printed. |
---|
880 | EXAMPLE: example bernsteinBM; shows examples |
---|
881 | " |
---|
882 | { |
---|
883 | int eng = 0; |
---|
884 | if ( size(#)>0 ) |
---|
885 | { |
---|
886 | if ( typeof(#[1]) == "int" ) |
---|
887 | { |
---|
888 | eng = int(#[1]); |
---|
889 | } |
---|
890 | } |
---|
891 | // returns a list with a ring and an ideal LD in it |
---|
892 | int ppl = printlevel-voice+2; |
---|
893 | // printf("plevel :%s, voice: %s",printlevel,voice); |
---|
894 | def save = basering; |
---|
895 | int N = nvars(basering); |
---|
896 | int Nnew = 2*N+2; |
---|
897 | int i,j; |
---|
898 | string s; |
---|
899 | list RL = ringlist(basering); |
---|
900 | list L, Lord; |
---|
901 | list tmp; |
---|
902 | intvec iv; |
---|
903 | L[1] = RL[1]; //char |
---|
904 | L[4] = RL[4]; //char, minpoly |
---|
905 | // check whether vars have admissible names |
---|
906 | list Name = RL[2]; |
---|
907 | list RName; |
---|
908 | RName[1] = "t"; |
---|
909 | RName[2] = "s"; |
---|
910 | for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
911 | { |
---|
912 | for(j=1; j<=size(RName); j++) |
---|
913 | { |
---|
914 | if (Name[i] == RName[j]) |
---|
915 | { |
---|
916 | ERROR("Variable names should not include t,s"); |
---|
917 | } |
---|
918 | } |
---|
919 | } |
---|
920 | // now, create the names for new vars |
---|
921 | list DName; |
---|
922 | for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
923 | { |
---|
924 | DName[i] = "D"+Name[i]; //concat |
---|
925 | } |
---|
926 | tmp[1] = "t"; |
---|
927 | tmp[2] = "s"; |
---|
928 | list NName = tmp + Name + DName; |
---|
929 | L[2] = NName; |
---|
930 | // Name, Dname will be used further |
---|
931 | kill NName; |
---|
932 | // block ord (lp(2),dp); |
---|
933 | tmp[1] = "lp"; // string |
---|
934 | iv = 1,1; |
---|
935 | tmp[2] = iv; //intvec |
---|
936 | Lord[1] = tmp; |
---|
937 | // continue with dp 1,1,1,1... |
---|
938 | tmp[1] = "dp"; // string |
---|
939 | s = "iv="; |
---|
940 | for (i=1; i<=Nnew; i++) |
---|
941 | { |
---|
942 | s = s+"1,"; |
---|
943 | } |
---|
944 | s[size(s)]= ";"; |
---|
945 | execute(s); |
---|
946 | kill s; |
---|
947 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
948 | Lord[2] = tmp; |
---|
949 | tmp[1] = "C"; |
---|
950 | iv = 0; |
---|
951 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
952 | Lord[3] = tmp; |
---|
953 | tmp = 0; |
---|
954 | L[3] = Lord; |
---|
955 | // we are done with the list |
---|
956 | def @R@ = ring(L); |
---|
957 | setring @R@; |
---|
958 | matrix @D[Nnew][Nnew]; |
---|
959 | @D[1,2]=t; |
---|
960 | for(i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
961 | { |
---|
962 | @D[2+i,N+2+i]=1; |
---|
963 | } |
---|
964 | // L[5] = matrix(UpOneMatrix(Nnew)); |
---|
965 | // L[6] = @D; |
---|
966 | def @R = nc_algebra(1,@D); |
---|
967 | setring @R; |
---|
968 | kill @R@; |
---|
969 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-1- the ring @R(t,s,_x,_Dx) is ready"); |
---|
970 | dbprint(ppl-1, @R); |
---|
971 | // create the ideal I |
---|
972 | poly F = imap(save,F); |
---|
973 | ideal I = t*F+s; |
---|
974 | poly p; |
---|
975 | for(i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
976 | { |
---|
977 | p = t; //t |
---|
978 | p = diff(F,var(2+i))*p; |
---|
979 | I = I, var(N+2+i) + p; |
---|
980 | } |
---|
981 | // -------- the ideal I is ready ---------- |
---|
982 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-2- starting the elimination of t in @R"); |
---|
983 | dbprint(ppl-1, I); |
---|
984 | ideal J = engine(I,eng); |
---|
985 | ideal K = nselect(J,1); |
---|
986 | kill I,J; |
---|
987 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-3- t is eliminated"); |
---|
988 | dbprint(ppl-1, K); //K is without t |
---|
989 | // ----------- the ring @R2 ------------ |
---|
990 | // _x, _Dx,s; elim.ord for _x,_Dx. |
---|
991 | // keep: N, i,j,s, tmp, RL |
---|
992 | setring save; |
---|
993 | Nnew = 2*N+1; |
---|
994 | kill Lord, tmp, iv, RName; |
---|
995 | list Lord, tmp; |
---|
996 | intvec iv; |
---|
997 | L[1] = RL[1]; |
---|
998 | L[4] = RL[4]; //char, minpoly |
---|
999 | // check whether vars hava admissible names -> done earlier |
---|
1000 | // now, create the names for new var |
---|
1001 | tmp[1] = "s"; |
---|
1002 | // DName is defined earlier |
---|
1003 | list NName = Name + DName + tmp; |
---|
1004 | L[2] = NName; |
---|
1005 | tmp = 0; |
---|
1006 | // block ord (dp(N),dp); |
---|
1007 | string s = "iv="; |
---|
1008 | for (i=1; i<=Nnew-1; i++) |
---|
1009 | { |
---|
1010 | s = s+"1,"; |
---|
1011 | } |
---|
1012 | s[size(s)]=";"; |
---|
1013 | execute(s); |
---|
1014 | tmp[1] = "dp"; //string |
---|
1015 | tmp[2] = iv; //intvec |
---|
1016 | Lord[1] = tmp; |
---|
1017 | // continue with dp 1,1,1,1... |
---|
1018 | tmp[1] = "dp"; //string |
---|
1019 | s[size(s)] = ","; |
---|
1020 | s = s+"1;"; |
---|
1021 | execute(s); |
---|
1022 | kill s; |
---|
1023 | kill NName; |
---|
1024 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
1025 | Lord[2] = tmp; |
---|
1026 | tmp[1] = "C"; |
---|
1027 | iv = 0; |
---|
1028 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
1029 | Lord[3] = tmp; |
---|
1030 | tmp = 0; |
---|
1031 | L[3] = Lord; |
---|
1032 | // we are done with the list. Now add a Plural part |
---|
1033 | def @R2@ = ring(L); |
---|
1034 | setring @R2@; |
---|
1035 | matrix @D[Nnew][Nnew]; |
---|
1036 | for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
1037 | { |
---|
1038 | @D[i,N+i]=1; |
---|
1039 | } |
---|
1040 | def @R2 = nc_algebra(1,@D); |
---|
1041 | setring @R2; |
---|
1042 | kill @R2@; |
---|
1043 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-1- the ring @R2(_x,_Dx,s) is ready"); |
---|
1044 | dbprint(ppl-1, @R2); |
---|
1045 | ideal MM = maxideal(1); |
---|
1046 | MM = 0,s,MM; |
---|
1047 | map R01 = @R, MM; |
---|
1048 | ideal K = R01(K); |
---|
1049 | kill @R, R01; |
---|
1050 | poly F = imap(save,F); |
---|
1051 | K = K,F; |
---|
1052 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-2- starting the elimination of _x,_Dx in @R2"); |
---|
1053 | dbprint(ppl-1, K); |
---|
1054 | ideal M = engine(K,eng); |
---|
1055 | ideal K2 = nselect(M,1..Nnew-1); |
---|
1056 | kill K,M; |
---|
1057 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-3- _x,_Dx are eliminated in @R2"); |
---|
1058 | dbprint(ppl-1, K2); |
---|
1059 | // the ring @R3 and the search for minimal negative int s |
---|
1060 | ring @R3 = 0,s,dp; |
---|
1061 | dbprint(ppl,"// -3-1- the ring @R3(s) is ready"); |
---|
1062 | ideal K3 = imap(@R2,K2); |
---|
1063 | kill @R2; |
---|
1064 | poly p = K3[1]; |
---|
1065 | dbprint(ppl,"// -3-2- factorization"); |
---|
1066 | list P = factorize(p); //with constants and multiplicities |
---|
1067 | ideal bs; intvec m; //the Bernstein polynomial is monic, so we are not interested in constants |
---|
1068 | for (i=2; i<= size(P[1]); i++) //we delete P[1][1] and P[2][1] |
---|
1069 | { |
---|
1070 | bs[i-1] = P[1][i]; |
---|
1071 | m[i-1] = P[2][i]; |
---|
1072 | } |
---|
1073 | // "--------- b-function factorizes into ---------"; P; |
---|
1074 | //int sP = minIntRoot(bs,1); |
---|
1075 | //dbprint(ppl,"// -3-3- minimal integer root found"); |
---|
1076 | //dbprint(ppl-1, sP); |
---|
1077 | // convert factors to a list of their roots and multiplicities |
---|
1078 | bs = normalize(bs); |
---|
1079 | bs = -subst(bs,s,0); |
---|
1080 | setring save; |
---|
1081 | ideal bs = imap(@R3,bs); |
---|
1082 | kill @R3; |
---|
1083 | list BS = bs,m; |
---|
1084 | return(BS); |
---|
1085 | } |
---|
1086 | example |
---|
1087 | { |
---|
1088 | "EXAMPLE:"; echo = 2; |
---|
1089 | ring r = 0,(x,y,z,w),Dp; |
---|
1090 | poly F = x^3+y^3+z^2*w; |
---|
1091 | printlevel = 0; |
---|
1092 | bernsteinBM(F); |
---|
1093 | } |
---|
1094 | |
---|
1095 | // some changes |
---|
1096 | proc annfsBM (poly F, list #) |
---|
1097 | "USAGE: annfsBM(f [,eng]); f a poly, eng an optional int |
---|
1098 | RETURN: ring |
---|
1099 | PURPOSE: compute the D-module structure of basering[1/f]*f^s, according |
---|
1100 | @* to the algorithm by Briancon and Maisonobe |
---|
1101 | NOTE: activate the output ring with the @code{setring} command. In this ring, |
---|
1102 | @* - the ideal LD (which is a Groebner basis) is the needed D-module structure, |
---|
1103 | @* which is obtained by substituting the minimal integer root of a Bernstein |
---|
1104 | @* polynomial into the s-parametric ideal; |
---|
1105 | @* - the list BS is the list of roots and multiplicities of a Bernstein polynomial of f. |
---|
1106 | @* If eng <>0, @code{std} is used for Groebner basis computations, |
---|
1107 | @* otherwise, and by default @code{slimgb} is used. |
---|
1108 | DISPLAY: If @code{printlevel}=1, progress debug messages will be printed, |
---|
1109 | @* if @code{printlevel}>=2, all the debug messages will be printed. |
---|
1110 | EXAMPLE: example annfsBM; shows examples |
---|
1111 | " |
---|
1112 | { |
---|
1113 | int eng = 0; |
---|
1114 | if ( size(#)>0 ) |
---|
1115 | { |
---|
1116 | if ( typeof(#[1]) == "int" ) |
---|
1117 | { |
---|
1118 | eng = int(#[1]); |
---|
1119 | } |
---|
1120 | } |
---|
1121 | // returns a list with a ring and an ideal LD in it |
---|
1122 | int ppl = printlevel-voice+2; |
---|
1123 | // printf("plevel :%s, voice: %s",printlevel,voice); |
---|
1124 | def save = basering; |
---|
1125 | int N = nvars(basering); |
---|
1126 | int Nnew = 2*N+2; |
---|
1127 | int i,j; |
---|
1128 | string s; |
---|
1129 | list RL = ringlist(basering); |
---|
1130 | list L, Lord; |
---|
1131 | list tmp; |
---|
1132 | intvec iv; |
---|
1133 | L[1] = RL[1]; //char |
---|
1134 | L[4] = RL[4]; //char, minpoly |
---|
1135 | // check whether vars have admissible names |
---|
1136 | list Name = RL[2]; |
---|
1137 | list RName; |
---|
1138 | RName[1] = "t"; |
---|
1139 | RName[2] = "s"; |
---|
1140 | for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
1141 | { |
---|
1142 | for(j=1; j<=size(RName); j++) |
---|
1143 | { |
---|
1144 | if (Name[i] == RName[j]) |
---|
1145 | { |
---|
1146 | ERROR("Variable names should not include t,s"); |
---|
1147 | } |
---|
1148 | } |
---|
1149 | } |
---|
1150 | // now, create the names for new vars |
---|
1151 | list DName; |
---|
1152 | for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
1153 | { |
---|
1154 | DName[i] = "D"+Name[i]; //concat |
---|
1155 | } |
---|
1156 | tmp[1] = "t"; |
---|
1157 | tmp[2] = "s"; |
---|
1158 | list NName = tmp + Name + DName; |
---|
1159 | L[2] = NName; |
---|
1160 | // Name, Dname will be used further |
---|
1161 | kill NName; |
---|
1162 | // block ord (lp(2),dp); |
---|
1163 | tmp[1] = "lp"; // string |
---|
1164 | iv = 1,1; |
---|
1165 | tmp[2] = iv; //intvec |
---|
1166 | Lord[1] = tmp; |
---|
1167 | // continue with dp 1,1,1,1... |
---|
1168 | tmp[1] = "dp"; // string |
---|
1169 | s = "iv="; |
---|
1170 | for (i=1; i<=Nnew; i++) |
---|
1171 | { |
---|
1172 | s = s+"1,"; |
---|
1173 | } |
---|
1174 | s[size(s)]= ";"; |
---|
1175 | execute(s); |
---|
1176 | kill s; |
---|
1177 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
1178 | Lord[2] = tmp; |
---|
1179 | tmp[1] = "C"; |
---|
1180 | iv = 0; |
---|
1181 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
1182 | Lord[3] = tmp; |
---|
1183 | tmp = 0; |
---|
1184 | L[3] = Lord; |
---|
1185 | // we are done with the list |
---|
1186 | def @R@ = ring(L); |
---|
1187 | setring @R@; |
---|
1188 | matrix @D[Nnew][Nnew]; |
---|
1189 | @D[1,2]=t; |
---|
1190 | for(i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
1191 | { |
---|
1192 | @D[2+i,N+2+i]=1; |
---|
1193 | } |
---|
1194 | // L[5] = matrix(UpOneMatrix(Nnew)); |
---|
1195 | // L[6] = @D; |
---|
1196 | def @R = nc_algebra(1,@D); |
---|
1197 | setring @R; |
---|
1198 | kill @R@; |
---|
1199 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-1- the ring @R(t,s,_x,_Dx) is ready"); |
---|
1200 | dbprint(ppl-1, @R); |
---|
1201 | // create the ideal I |
---|
1202 | poly F = imap(save,F); |
---|
1203 | ideal I = t*F+s; |
---|
1204 | poly p; |
---|
1205 | for(i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
1206 | { |
---|
1207 | p = t; //t |
---|
1208 | p = diff(F,var(2+i))*p; |
---|
1209 | I = I, var(N+2+i) + p; |
---|
1210 | } |
---|
1211 | // -------- the ideal I is ready ---------- |
---|
1212 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-2- starting the elimination of t in @R"); |
---|
1213 | dbprint(ppl-1, I); |
---|
1214 | ideal J = engine(I,eng); |
---|
1215 | ideal K = nselect(J,1); |
---|
1216 | kill I,J; |
---|
1217 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-3- t is eliminated"); |
---|
1218 | dbprint(ppl-1, K); //K is without t |
---|
1219 | setring save; |
---|
1220 | // ----------- the ring @R2 ------------ |
---|
1221 | // _x, _Dx,s; elim.ord for _x,_Dx. |
---|
1222 | // keep: N, i,j,s, tmp, RL |
---|
1223 | Nnew = 2*N+1; |
---|
1224 | kill Lord, tmp, iv, RName; |
---|
1225 | list Lord, tmp; |
---|
1226 | intvec iv; |
---|
1227 | L[1] = RL[1]; |
---|
1228 | L[4] = RL[4]; //char, minpoly |
---|
1229 | // check whether vars hava admissible names -> done earlier |
---|
1230 | // now, create the names for new var |
---|
1231 | tmp[1] = "s"; |
---|
1232 | // DName is defined earlier |
---|
1233 | list NName = Name + DName + tmp; |
---|
1234 | L[2] = NName; |
---|
1235 | tmp = 0; |
---|
1236 | // block ord (dp(N),dp); |
---|
1237 | string s = "iv="; |
---|
1238 | for (i=1; i<=Nnew-1; i++) |
---|
1239 | { |
---|
1240 | s = s+"1,"; |
---|
1241 | } |
---|
1242 | s[size(s)]=";"; |
---|
1243 | execute(s); |
---|
1244 | tmp[1] = "dp"; //string |
---|
1245 | tmp[2] = iv; //intvec |
---|
1246 | Lord[1] = tmp; |
---|
1247 | // continue with dp 1,1,1,1... |
---|
1248 | tmp[1] = "dp"; //string |
---|
1249 | s[size(s)] = ","; |
---|
1250 | s = s+"1;"; |
---|
1251 | execute(s); |
---|
1252 | kill s; |
---|
1253 | kill NName; |
---|
1254 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
1255 | Lord[2] = tmp; |
---|
1256 | tmp[1] = "C"; |
---|
1257 | iv = 0; |
---|
1258 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
1259 | Lord[3] = tmp; |
---|
1260 | tmp = 0; |
---|
1261 | L[3] = Lord; |
---|
1262 | // we are done with the list. Now add a Plural part |
---|
1263 | def @R2@ = ring(L); |
---|
1264 | setring @R2@; |
---|
1265 | matrix @D[Nnew][Nnew]; |
---|
1266 | for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
1267 | { |
---|
1268 | @D[i,N+i]=1; |
---|
1269 | } |
---|
1270 | def @R2 = nc_algebra(1,@D); |
---|
1271 | setring @R2; |
---|
1272 | kill @R2@; |
---|
1273 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-1- the ring @R2(_x,_Dx,s) is ready"); |
---|
1274 | dbprint(ppl-1, @R2); |
---|
1275 | ideal MM = maxideal(1); |
---|
1276 | MM = 0,s,MM; |
---|
1277 | map R01 = @R, MM; |
---|
1278 | ideal K = R01(K); |
---|
1279 | poly F = imap(save,F); |
---|
1280 | K = K,F; |
---|
1281 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-2- starting the elimination of _x,_Dx in @R2"); |
---|
1282 | dbprint(ppl-1, K); |
---|
1283 | ideal M = engine(K,eng); |
---|
1284 | ideal K2 = nselect(M,1..Nnew-1); |
---|
1285 | kill K,M; |
---|
1286 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-3- _x,_Dx are eliminated in @R2"); |
---|
1287 | dbprint(ppl-1, K2); |
---|
1288 | // the ring @R3 and the search for minimal negative int s |
---|
1289 | ring @R3 = 0,s,dp; |
---|
1290 | dbprint(ppl,"// -3-1- the ring @R3(s) is ready"); |
---|
1291 | ideal K3 = imap(@R2,K2); |
---|
1292 | poly p = K3[1]; |
---|
1293 | dbprint(ppl,"// -3-2- factorization"); |
---|
1294 | list P = factorize(p); //with constants and multiplicities |
---|
1295 | ideal bs; intvec m; //the Bernstein polynomial is monic, so we are not interested in constants |
---|
1296 | for (i=2; i<= size(P[1]); i++) //we ignore P[1][1] (constant) and P[2][1] (its mult.) |
---|
1297 | { |
---|
1298 | bs[i-1] = P[1][i]; |
---|
1299 | m[i-1] = P[2][i]; |
---|
1300 | } |
---|
1301 | // "--------- b-function factorizes into ---------"; P; |
---|
1302 | int sP = minIntRoot(bs,1); |
---|
1303 | dbprint(ppl,"// -3-3- minimal integer root found"); |
---|
1304 | dbprint(ppl-1, sP); |
---|
1305 | // convert factors to a list of their roots |
---|
1306 | bs = normalize(bs); |
---|
1307 | bs = -subst(bs,s,0); |
---|
1308 | list BS = bs,m; |
---|
1309 | //TODO: sort BS! |
---|
1310 | // --------- substitute s found in the ideal --------- |
---|
1311 | // --------- going back to @R and substitute --------- |
---|
1312 | setring @R; |
---|
1313 | ideal K2 = subst(K,s,sP); |
---|
1314 | kill K; |
---|
1315 | // create the ordinary Weyl algebra and put the result into it, |
---|
1316 | // thus creating the ring @R4 |
---|
1317 | // keep: N, i,j,s, tmp, RL |
---|
1318 | setring save; |
---|
1319 | Nnew = 2*N; |
---|
1320 | // list RL = ringlist(save); //is defined earlier |
---|
1321 | kill Lord, tmp, iv; |
---|
1322 | L = 0; |
---|
1323 | list Lord, tmp; |
---|
1324 | intvec iv; |
---|
1325 | L[1] = RL[1]; |
---|
1326 | L[4] = RL[4]; //char, minpoly |
---|
1327 | // check whether vars have admissible names -> done earlier |
---|
1328 | // list Name = RL[2]M |
---|
1329 | // DName is defined earlier |
---|
1330 | list NName = Name + DName; |
---|
1331 | L[2] = NName; |
---|
1332 | // dp ordering; |
---|
1333 | string s = "iv="; |
---|
1334 | for (i=1; i<=Nnew; i++) |
---|
1335 | { |
---|
1336 | s = s+"1,"; |
---|
1337 | } |
---|
1338 | s[size(s)] = ";"; |
---|
1339 | execute(s); |
---|
1340 | kill s; |
---|
1341 | tmp = 0; |
---|
1342 | tmp[1] = "dp"; //string |
---|
1343 | tmp[2] = iv; //intvec |
---|
1344 | Lord[1] = tmp; |
---|
1345 | tmp[1] = "C"; |
---|
1346 | iv = 0; |
---|
1347 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
1348 | Lord[2] = tmp; |
---|
1349 | tmp = 0; |
---|
1350 | L[3] = Lord; |
---|
1351 | // we are done with the list |
---|
1352 | // Add: Plural part |
---|
1353 | def @R4@ = ring(L); |
---|
1354 | setring @R4@; |
---|
1355 | matrix @D[Nnew][Nnew]; |
---|
1356 | for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
1357 | { |
---|
1358 | @D[i,N+i]=1; |
---|
1359 | } |
---|
1360 | def @R4 = nc_algebra(1,@D); |
---|
1361 | setring @R4; |
---|
1362 | kill @R4@; |
---|
1363 | dbprint(ppl,"// -4-1- the ring @R4(_x,_Dx) is ready"); |
---|
1364 | dbprint(ppl-1, @R4); |
---|
1365 | ideal K4 = imap(@R,K2); |
---|
1366 | option(redSB); |
---|
1367 | dbprint(ppl,"// -4-2- the final cosmetic std"); |
---|
1368 | K4 = engine(K4,eng); //std does the job too |
---|
1369 | // total cleanup |
---|
1370 | kill @R; |
---|
1371 | kill @R2; |
---|
1372 | list BS = imap(@R3,BS); |
---|
1373 | export BS; |
---|
1374 | kill @R3; |
---|
1375 | ideal LD = K4; |
---|
1376 | export LD; |
---|
1377 | return(@R4); |
---|
1378 | } |
---|
1379 | example |
---|
1380 | { |
---|
1381 | "EXAMPLE:"; echo = 2; |
---|
1382 | ring r = 0,(x,y,z),Dp; |
---|
1383 | poly F = z*x^2+y^3; |
---|
1384 | printlevel = 0; |
---|
1385 | def A = annfsBM(F); |
---|
1386 | setring A; |
---|
1387 | LD; |
---|
1388 | BS; |
---|
1389 | } |
---|
1390 | |
---|
1391 | |
---|
1392 | // replacing s with -s-1 => data is shorter |
---|
1393 | // analogue of annfs0 |
---|
1394 | proc annfs2(ideal I, poly F, list #) |
---|
1395 | "USAGE: annfs2(I, F [,eng]); I an ideal, F a poly, eng an optional int |
---|
1396 | RETURN: ring |
---|
1397 | PURPOSE: compute the annihilator ideal of f^s in the Weyl Algebra, |
---|
1398 | @* based on the output of Sannfs-like procedure |
---|
1399 | @* annfs2 uses shorter expressions in the variable s (the idea of Noro). |
---|
1400 | NOTE: activate the output ring with the @code{setring} command. In this ring, |
---|
1401 | @* - the ideal LD (which is a Groebner basis) is the annihilator of f^s, |
---|
1402 | @* - the list BS contains the roots with multiplicities of the BS polynomial. |
---|
1403 | @* If eng <>0, @code{std} is used for Groebner basis computations, |
---|
1404 | @* otherwise and by default @code{slimgb} is used. |
---|
1405 | DISPLAY: If @code{printlevel}=1, progress debug messages will be printed, |
---|
1406 | @* if @code{printlevel}>=2, all the debug messages will be printed. |
---|
1407 | EXAMPLE: example annfs2; shows examples |
---|
1408 | " |
---|
1409 | { |
---|
1410 | int eng = 0; |
---|
1411 | if ( size(#)>0 ) |
---|
1412 | { |
---|
1413 | if ( typeof(#[1]) == "int" ) |
---|
1414 | { |
---|
1415 | eng = int(#[1]); |
---|
1416 | } |
---|
1417 | } |
---|
1418 | def @R2 = basering; |
---|
1419 | // we're in D_n[s], where the elim ord for s is set |
---|
1420 | ideal J = NF(I,std(F)); |
---|
1421 | // make leadcoeffs positive |
---|
1422 | int i; |
---|
1423 | J = subst(J,s,-s-1); |
---|
1424 | for (i=1; i<= ncols(J); i++) |
---|
1425 | { |
---|
1426 | if (leadcoef(J[i]) <0 ) |
---|
1427 | { |
---|
1428 | J[i] = -J[i]; |
---|
1429 | } |
---|
1430 | } |
---|
1431 | J = J,F; |
---|
1432 | ideal M = engine(J,eng); |
---|
1433 | int Nnew = nvars(@R2); |
---|
1434 | ideal K2 = nselect(M,1..Nnew-1); |
---|
1435 | int ppl = printlevel-voice+2; |
---|
1436 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-1- _x,_Dx are eliminated in basering"); |
---|
1437 | dbprint(ppl-1, K2); |
---|
1438 | // the ring @R3 and the search for minimal negative int s |
---|
1439 | ring @R3 = 0,s,dp; |
---|
1440 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-1- the ring @R3 i.e. K[s] is ready"); |
---|
1441 | ideal K3 = imap(@R2,K2); |
---|
1442 | poly p = K3[1]; |
---|
1443 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-2- factorization"); |
---|
1444 | // ideal P = factorize(p,1); //without constants and multiplicities |
---|
1445 | // "--------- b-function factorizes into ---------"; P; |
---|
1446 | // convert factors to the list of their roots with mults |
---|
1447 | // assume all factors are linear |
---|
1448 | // ideal BS = normalize(P); |
---|
1449 | // BS = subst(BS,s,0); |
---|
1450 | // BS = -BS; |
---|
1451 | list P = factorize(p); //with constants and multiplicities |
---|
1452 | ideal bs; intvec m; //the Bernstein polynomial is monic, so we are not interested in constants |
---|
1453 | for (i=2; i<= size(P[1]); i++) //we delete P[1][1] and P[2][1] |
---|
1454 | { |
---|
1455 | bs[i-1] = P[1][i]; bs[i-1] = subst(bs[i-1],s,-s-1); |
---|
1456 | m[i-1] = P[2][i]; |
---|
1457 | } |
---|
1458 | int sP = minIntRoot(bs,1); |
---|
1459 | bs = normalize(bs); |
---|
1460 | bs = -subst(bs,s,0); |
---|
1461 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-3- minimal integer root found"); |
---|
1462 | dbprint(ppl-1, sP); |
---|
1463 | //TODO: sort BS! |
---|
1464 | // --------- substitute s found in the ideal --------- |
---|
1465 | // --------- going back to @R and substitute --------- |
---|
1466 | setring @R2; |
---|
1467 | K2 = subst(I,s,sP); |
---|
1468 | // create the ordinary Weyl algebra and put the result into it, |
---|
1469 | // thus creating the ring @R5 |
---|
1470 | // keep: N, i,j,s, tmp, RL |
---|
1471 | Nnew = Nnew - 1; // former 2*N; |
---|
1472 | // list RL = ringlist(save); // is defined earlier |
---|
1473 | // kill Lord, tmp, iv; |
---|
1474 | list L = 0; |
---|
1475 | list Lord, tmp; |
---|
1476 | intvec iv; |
---|
1477 | list RL = ringlist(basering); |
---|
1478 | L[1] = RL[1]; |
---|
1479 | L[4] = RL[4]; //char, minpoly |
---|
1480 | // check whether vars have admissible names -> done earlier |
---|
1481 | // list Name = RL[2]M |
---|
1482 | // DName is defined earlier |
---|
1483 | list NName; // = RL[2]; // skip the last var 's' |
---|
1484 | for (i=1; i<=Nnew; i++) |
---|
1485 | { |
---|
1486 | NName[i] = RL[2][i]; |
---|
1487 | } |
---|
1488 | L[2] = NName; |
---|
1489 | // dp ordering; |
---|
1490 | string s = "iv="; |
---|
1491 | for (i=1; i<=Nnew; i++) |
---|
1492 | { |
---|
1493 | s = s+"1,"; |
---|
1494 | } |
---|
1495 | s[size(s)] = ";"; |
---|
1496 | execute(s); |
---|
1497 | tmp = 0; |
---|
1498 | tmp[1] = "dp"; // string |
---|
1499 | tmp[2] = iv; // intvec |
---|
1500 | Lord[1] = tmp; |
---|
1501 | kill s; |
---|
1502 | tmp[1] = "C"; |
---|
1503 | iv = 0; |
---|
1504 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
1505 | Lord[2] = tmp; |
---|
1506 | tmp = 0; |
---|
1507 | L[3] = Lord; |
---|
1508 | // we are done with the list |
---|
1509 | // Add: Plural part |
---|
1510 | def @R4@ = ring(L); |
---|
1511 | setring @R4@; |
---|
1512 | int N = Nnew/2; |
---|
1513 | matrix @D[Nnew][Nnew]; |
---|
1514 | for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
1515 | { |
---|
1516 | @D[i,N+i]=1; |
---|
1517 | } |
---|
1518 | def @R4 = nc_algebra(1,@D); |
---|
1519 | setring @R4; |
---|
1520 | kill @R4@; |
---|
1521 | dbprint(ppl,"// -3-1- the ring @R4 is ready"); |
---|
1522 | dbprint(ppl-1, @R4); |
---|
1523 | ideal K4 = imap(@R2,K2); |
---|
1524 | option(redSB); |
---|
1525 | dbprint(ppl,"// -3-2- the final cosmetic std"); |
---|
1526 | K4 = engine(K4,eng); // std does the job too |
---|
1527 | // total cleanup |
---|
1528 | ideal bs = imap(@R3,bs); |
---|
1529 | kill @R3; |
---|
1530 | list BS = bs,m; |
---|
1531 | export BS; |
---|
1532 | ideal LD = K4; |
---|
1533 | export LD; |
---|
1534 | return(@R4); |
---|
1535 | } |
---|
1536 | example |
---|
1537 | { "EXAMPLE:"; echo = 2; |
---|
1538 | ring r = 0,(x,y,z),Dp; |
---|
1539 | poly F = x^3+y^3+z^3; |
---|
1540 | printlevel = 0; |
---|
1541 | def A = SannfsBM(F); |
---|
1542 | setring A; |
---|
1543 | LD; |
---|
1544 | poly F = imap(r,F); |
---|
1545 | def B = annfs2(LD,F); |
---|
1546 | setring B; |
---|
1547 | LD; |
---|
1548 | BS; |
---|
1549 | } |
---|
1550 | |
---|
1551 | // try to replace s with -s-1 => data is shorter as in annfs2 |
---|
1552 | // and use what Macaulay2 people call reduceB strategy, that is add |
---|
1553 | // not F but Tjurina ideal <F,dF/dx1,...,dF/dxN>; the resulting B-function |
---|
1554 | // has to be multiplied with (s+1) at the very end |
---|
1555 | proc annfsRB(ideal I, poly F, list #) |
---|
1556 | "USAGE: annfsRB(I, F [,eng]); I an ideal, F a poly, eng an optional int |
---|
1557 | RETURN: ring |
---|
1558 | PURPOSE: compute the annihilator ideal of f^s in the Weyl Algebra, |
---|
1559 | @* based on the output of Sannfs like procedure |
---|
1560 | NOTE: activate the output ring with the @code{setring} command. In this ring, |
---|
1561 | @* - the ideal LD (which is a Groebner basis) is the annihilator of f^s, |
---|
1562 | @* - the list BS contains the roots with multiplicities of a Bernstein polynomial of f. |
---|
1563 | @* If eng <>0, @code{std} is used for Groebner basis computations, |
---|
1564 | @* otherwise and by default @code{slimgb} is used. |
---|
1565 | @* This procedure uses in addition to F its Jacobian ideal. |
---|
1566 | DISPLAY: If @code{printlevel}=1, progress debug messages will be printed, |
---|
1567 | @* if @code{printlevel}>=2, all the debug messages will be printed. |
---|
1568 | EXAMPLE: example annfsRB; shows examples |
---|
1569 | " |
---|
1570 | { |
---|
1571 | int eng = 0; |
---|
1572 | if ( size(#)>0 ) |
---|
1573 | { |
---|
1574 | if ( typeof(#[1]) == "int" ) |
---|
1575 | { |
---|
1576 | eng = int(#[1]); |
---|
1577 | } |
---|
1578 | } |
---|
1579 | def @R2 = basering; |
---|
1580 | int ppl = printlevel-voice+2; |
---|
1581 | // we're in D_n[s], where the elim ord for s is set |
---|
1582 | // switch to comm. ring in X's and compute the GB of Tjurina ideal |
---|
1583 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-0- creating K[x] and Tjurina ideal"); |
---|
1584 | list nL = ringlist(@R2); |
---|
1585 | list temp,t2; |
---|
1586 | temp[1] = nL[1]; |
---|
1587 | temp[4] = nL[4]; |
---|
1588 | int @n = int((nvars(@R2)-1)/2); // # of x's |
---|
1589 | int i; |
---|
1590 | for (i=1; i<=@n; i++) |
---|
1591 | { |
---|
1592 | t2[i] = nL[2][i]; |
---|
1593 | } |
---|
1594 | temp[2] = t2; |
---|
1595 | t2 = 0; |
---|
1596 | t2[1] = nL[3][1]; // more weights than vars? |
---|
1597 | t2[2] = nL[3][3]; |
---|
1598 | temp[3] = t2; |
---|
1599 | def @R22 = ring(temp); |
---|
1600 | setring @R22; |
---|
1601 | poly F = imap(@R2,F); |
---|
1602 | ideal J = F; |
---|
1603 | for (i=1; i<=@n; i++) |
---|
1604 | { |
---|
1605 | J = J, diff(F,var(i)); |
---|
1606 | } |
---|
1607 | J = engine(J,eng); |
---|
1608 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-1- finished computing the GB of Tjurina ideal"); |
---|
1609 | dbprint(ppl-1, J); |
---|
1610 | setring @R2; |
---|
1611 | ideal JF = imap(@R22,J); |
---|
1612 | kill @R22; |
---|
1613 | attrib(JF,"isSB",1); // embedded comm ring is used |
---|
1614 | ideal J = NF(I,JF); |
---|
1615 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-2- finished computing the NF of I w.r.t. Tjurina ideal"); |
---|
1616 | dbprint(ppl-1, J2); |
---|
1617 | // make leadcoeffs positive |
---|
1618 | J = subst(J,s,-s-1); |
---|
1619 | for (i=1; i<= ncols(J); i++) |
---|
1620 | { |
---|
1621 | if (leadcoef(J[i]) <0 ) |
---|
1622 | { |
---|
1623 | J[i] = -J[i]; |
---|
1624 | } |
---|
1625 | } |
---|
1626 | J = J,JF; |
---|
1627 | ideal M = engine(J,eng); |
---|
1628 | int Nnew = nvars(@R2); |
---|
1629 | ideal K2 = nselect(M,1..Nnew-1); |
---|
1630 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-0- _x,_Dx are eliminated in basering"); |
---|
1631 | dbprint(ppl-1, K2); |
---|
1632 | // the ring @R3 and the search for minimal negative int s |
---|
1633 | ring @R3 = 0,s,dp; |
---|
1634 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-1- the ring @R3 i.e. K[s] is ready"); |
---|
1635 | ideal K3 = imap(@R2,K2); |
---|
1636 | poly p = K3[1]; |
---|
1637 | p = s*p; // mult with the lost (s+1) factor |
---|
1638 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-2- factorization"); |
---|
1639 | // ideal P = factorize(p,1); //without constants and multiplicities |
---|
1640 | // "--------- b-function factorizes into ---------"; P; |
---|
1641 | // convert factors to the list of their roots with mults |
---|
1642 | // assume all factors are linear |
---|
1643 | // ideal BS = normalize(P); |
---|
1644 | // BS = subst(BS,s,0); |
---|
1645 | // BS = -BS; |
---|
1646 | list P = factorize(p); //with constants and multiplicities |
---|
1647 | ideal bs; intvec m; //the Bernstein polynomial is monic, so we are not interested in constants |
---|
1648 | for (i=2; i<= size(P[1]); i++) //we delete P[1][1] and P[2][1] |
---|
1649 | { |
---|
1650 | bs[i-1] = P[1][i]; bs[i-1] = subst(bs[i-1],s,-s-1); |
---|
1651 | m[i-1] = P[2][i]; |
---|
1652 | } |
---|
1653 | int sP = minIntRoot(bs,1); |
---|
1654 | bs = normalize(bs); |
---|
1655 | bs = -subst(bs,s,0); |
---|
1656 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-3- minimal integer root found"); |
---|
1657 | dbprint(ppl-1, sP); |
---|
1658 | //TODO: sort BS! |
---|
1659 | // --------- substitute s found in the ideal --------- |
---|
1660 | // --------- going back to @R and substitute --------- |
---|
1661 | setring @R2; |
---|
1662 | K2 = subst(I,s,sP); |
---|
1663 | // create the ordinary Weyl algebra and put the result into it, |
---|
1664 | // thus creating the ring @R5 |
---|
1665 | // keep: N, i,j,s, tmp, RL |
---|
1666 | Nnew = Nnew - 1; // former 2*N; |
---|
1667 | // list RL = ringlist(save); // is defined earlier |
---|
1668 | // kill Lord, tmp, iv; |
---|
1669 | list L = 0; |
---|
1670 | list Lord, tmp; |
---|
1671 | intvec iv; |
---|
1672 | list RL = ringlist(basering); |
---|
1673 | L[1] = RL[1]; |
---|
1674 | L[4] = RL[4]; //char, minpoly |
---|
1675 | // check whether vars have admissible names -> done earlier |
---|
1676 | // list Name = RL[2]M |
---|
1677 | // DName is defined earlier |
---|
1678 | list NName; // = RL[2]; // skip the last var 's' |
---|
1679 | for (i=1; i<=Nnew; i++) |
---|
1680 | { |
---|
1681 | NName[i] = RL[2][i]; |
---|
1682 | } |
---|
1683 | L[2] = NName; |
---|
1684 | // dp ordering; |
---|
1685 | string s = "iv="; |
---|
1686 | for (i=1; i<=Nnew; i++) |
---|
1687 | { |
---|
1688 | s = s+"1,"; |
---|
1689 | } |
---|
1690 | s[size(s)] = ";"; |
---|
1691 | execute(s); |
---|
1692 | tmp = 0; |
---|
1693 | tmp[1] = "dp"; // string |
---|
1694 | tmp[2] = iv; // intvec |
---|
1695 | Lord[1] = tmp; |
---|
1696 | kill s; |
---|
1697 | tmp[1] = "C"; |
---|
1698 | iv = 0; |
---|
1699 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
1700 | Lord[2] = tmp; |
---|
1701 | tmp = 0; |
---|
1702 | L[3] = Lord; |
---|
1703 | // we are done with the list |
---|
1704 | // Add: Plural part |
---|
1705 | def @R4@ = ring(L); |
---|
1706 | setring @R4@; |
---|
1707 | int N = Nnew/2; |
---|
1708 | matrix @D[Nnew][Nnew]; |
---|
1709 | for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
1710 | { |
---|
1711 | @D[i,N+i]=1; |
---|
1712 | } |
---|
1713 | def @R4 = nc_algebra(1,@D); |
---|
1714 | setring @R4; |
---|
1715 | kill @R4@; |
---|
1716 | dbprint(ppl,"// -3-1- the ring @R4 is ready"); |
---|
1717 | dbprint(ppl-1, @R4); |
---|
1718 | ideal K4 = imap(@R2,K2); |
---|
1719 | option(redSB); |
---|
1720 | dbprint(ppl,"// -3-2- the final cosmetic std"); |
---|
1721 | K4 = engine(K4,eng); // std does the job too |
---|
1722 | // total cleanup |
---|
1723 | ideal bs = imap(@R3,bs); |
---|
1724 | kill @R3; |
---|
1725 | list BS = bs,m; |
---|
1726 | export BS; |
---|
1727 | ideal LD = K4; |
---|
1728 | export LD; |
---|
1729 | return(@R4); |
---|
1730 | } |
---|
1731 | example |
---|
1732 | { "EXAMPLE:"; echo = 2; |
---|
1733 | ring r = 0,(x,y,z),Dp; |
---|
1734 | poly F = x^3+y^3+z^3; |
---|
1735 | printlevel = 0; |
---|
1736 | def A = SannfsBM(F); setring A; |
---|
1737 | LD; // s-parametric ahhinilator |
---|
1738 | poly F = imap(r,F); |
---|
1739 | def B = annfsRB(LD,F); setring B; |
---|
1740 | LD; |
---|
1741 | BS; |
---|
1742 | } |
---|
1743 | |
---|
1744 | proc operatorBM(poly F, list #) |
---|
1745 | "USAGE: operatorBM(f [,eng]); f a poly, eng an optional int |
---|
1746 | RETURN: ring |
---|
1747 | PURPOSE: compute the B-operator and other relevant data for Ann F^s, |
---|
1748 | @* using e.g. algorithm by Briancon and Maisonobe for Ann F^s and BS. |
---|
1749 | NOTE: activate the output ring with the @code{setring} command. In the output ring D[s] |
---|
1750 | @* - the polynomial F is the same as the input, |
---|
1751 | @* - the ideal LD is the annihilator of f^s in Dn[s], |
---|
1752 | @* - the ideal LD0 is the needed D-mod structure, where LD0 = LD|s=s0, |
---|
1753 | @* - the polynomial bs is the global Bernstein polynomial of f in the variable s, |
---|
1754 | @* - the list BS contains all the roots with multiplicities of the global Bernstein polynomial of f, |
---|
1755 | @* - the polynomial PS is an operator in Dn[s] such that PS*f^(s+1) = bs*f^s. |
---|
1756 | @* If eng <>0, @code{std} is used for Groebner basis computations, |
---|
1757 | @* otherwise and by default @code{slimgb} is used. |
---|
1758 | DISPLAY: If @code{printlevel}=1, progress debug messages will be printed, |
---|
1759 | @* if @code{printlevel}>=2, all the debug messages will be printed. |
---|
1760 | EXAMPLE: example operatorBM; shows examples |
---|
1761 | " |
---|
1762 | { |
---|
1763 | int eng = 0; |
---|
1764 | if ( size(#)>0 ) |
---|
1765 | { |
---|
1766 | if ( typeof(#[1]) == "int" ) |
---|
1767 | { |
---|
1768 | eng = int(#[1]); |
---|
1769 | } |
---|
1770 | } |
---|
1771 | // returns a list with a ring and an ideal LD in it |
---|
1772 | int ppl = printlevel-voice+2; |
---|
1773 | // printf("plevel :%s, voice: %s",printlevel,voice); |
---|
1774 | def save = basering; |
---|
1775 | int N = nvars(basering); |
---|
1776 | int Nnew = 2*N+2; |
---|
1777 | int i,j; |
---|
1778 | string s; |
---|
1779 | list RL = ringlist(basering); |
---|
1780 | list L, Lord; |
---|
1781 | list tmp; |
---|
1782 | intvec iv; |
---|
1783 | L[1] = RL[1]; //char |
---|
1784 | L[4] = RL[4]; //char, minpoly |
---|
1785 | // check whether vars have admissible names |
---|
1786 | list Name = RL[2]; |
---|
1787 | list RName; |
---|
1788 | RName[1] = "t"; |
---|
1789 | RName[2] = "s"; |
---|
1790 | for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
1791 | { |
---|
1792 | for(j=1; j<=size(RName); j++) |
---|
1793 | { |
---|
1794 | if (Name[i] == RName[j]) |
---|
1795 | { |
---|
1796 | ERROR("Variable names should not include t,s"); |
---|
1797 | } |
---|
1798 | } |
---|
1799 | } |
---|
1800 | // now, create the names for new vars |
---|
1801 | list DName; |
---|
1802 | for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
1803 | { |
---|
1804 | DName[i] = "D"+Name[i]; //concat |
---|
1805 | } |
---|
1806 | tmp[1] = "t"; |
---|
1807 | tmp[2] = "s"; |
---|
1808 | list NName = tmp + Name + DName; |
---|
1809 | L[2] = NName; |
---|
1810 | // Name, Dname will be used further |
---|
1811 | kill NName; |
---|
1812 | // block ord (lp(2),dp); |
---|
1813 | tmp[1] = "lp"; // string |
---|
1814 | iv = 1,1; |
---|
1815 | tmp[2] = iv; //intvec |
---|
1816 | Lord[1] = tmp; |
---|
1817 | // continue with dp 1,1,1,1... |
---|
1818 | tmp[1] = "dp"; // string |
---|
1819 | s = "iv="; |
---|
1820 | for (i=1; i<=Nnew; i++) |
---|
1821 | { |
---|
1822 | s = s+"1,"; |
---|
1823 | } |
---|
1824 | s[size(s)]= ";"; |
---|
1825 | execute(s); |
---|
1826 | kill s; |
---|
1827 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
1828 | Lord[2] = tmp; |
---|
1829 | tmp[1] = "C"; |
---|
1830 | iv = 0; |
---|
1831 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
1832 | Lord[3] = tmp; |
---|
1833 | tmp = 0; |
---|
1834 | L[3] = Lord; |
---|
1835 | // we are done with the list |
---|
1836 | def @R@ = ring(L); |
---|
1837 | setring @R@; |
---|
1838 | matrix @D[Nnew][Nnew]; |
---|
1839 | @D[1,2]=t; |
---|
1840 | for(i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
1841 | { |
---|
1842 | @D[2+i,N+2+i]=1; |
---|
1843 | } |
---|
1844 | // L[5] = matrix(UpOneMatrix(Nnew)); |
---|
1845 | // L[6] = @D; |
---|
1846 | def @R = nc_algebra(1,@D); |
---|
1847 | setring @R; |
---|
1848 | kill @R@; |
---|
1849 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-1- the ring @R(t,s,_x,_Dx) is ready"); |
---|
1850 | dbprint(ppl-1, @R); |
---|
1851 | // create the ideal I |
---|
1852 | poly F = imap(save,F); |
---|
1853 | ideal I = t*F+s; |
---|
1854 | poly p; |
---|
1855 | for(i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
1856 | { |
---|
1857 | p = t; //t |
---|
1858 | p = diff(F,var(2+i))*p; |
---|
1859 | I = I, var(N+2+i) + p; |
---|
1860 | } |
---|
1861 | // -------- the ideal I is ready ---------- |
---|
1862 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-2- starting the elimination of t in @R"); |
---|
1863 | dbprint(ppl-1, I); |
---|
1864 | ideal J = engine(I,eng); |
---|
1865 | ideal K = nselect(J,1); |
---|
1866 | kill I,J; |
---|
1867 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-3- t is eliminated"); |
---|
1868 | dbprint(ppl-1, K); //K is without t |
---|
1869 | setring save; |
---|
1870 | // ----------- the ring @R2 ------------ |
---|
1871 | // _x, _Dx,s; elim.ord for _x,_Dx. |
---|
1872 | // keep: N, i,j,s, tmp, RL |
---|
1873 | Nnew = 2*N+1; |
---|
1874 | kill Lord, tmp, iv, RName; |
---|
1875 | list Lord, tmp; |
---|
1876 | intvec iv; |
---|
1877 | L[1] = RL[1]; |
---|
1878 | L[4] = RL[4]; //char, minpoly |
---|
1879 | // check whether vars hava admissible names -> done earlier |
---|
1880 | // now, create the names for new var |
---|
1881 | tmp[1] = "s"; |
---|
1882 | // DName is defined earlier |
---|
1883 | list NName = Name + DName + tmp; |
---|
1884 | L[2] = NName; |
---|
1885 | tmp = 0; |
---|
1886 | // block ord (dp(N),dp); |
---|
1887 | string s = "iv="; |
---|
1888 | for (i=1; i<=Nnew-1; i++) |
---|
1889 | { |
---|
1890 | s = s+"1,"; |
---|
1891 | } |
---|
1892 | s[size(s)]=";"; |
---|
1893 | execute(s); |
---|
1894 | tmp[1] = "dp"; //string |
---|
1895 | tmp[2] = iv; //intvec |
---|
1896 | Lord[1] = tmp; |
---|
1897 | // continue with dp 1,1,1,1... |
---|
1898 | tmp[1] = "dp"; //string |
---|
1899 | s[size(s)] = ","; |
---|
1900 | s = s+"1;"; |
---|
1901 | execute(s); |
---|
1902 | kill s; |
---|
1903 | kill NName; |
---|
1904 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
1905 | Lord[2] = tmp; |
---|
1906 | tmp[1] = "C"; |
---|
1907 | iv = 0; |
---|
1908 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
1909 | Lord[3] = tmp; |
---|
1910 | tmp = 0; |
---|
1911 | L[3] = Lord; |
---|
1912 | // we are done with the list. Now add a Plural part |
---|
1913 | def @R2@ = ring(L); |
---|
1914 | setring @R2@; |
---|
1915 | matrix @D[Nnew][Nnew]; |
---|
1916 | for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
1917 | { |
---|
1918 | @D[i,N+i]=1; |
---|
1919 | } |
---|
1920 | def @R2 = nc_algebra(1,@D); |
---|
1921 | setring @R2; |
---|
1922 | kill @R2@; |
---|
1923 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-1- the ring @R2(_x,_Dx,s) is ready"); |
---|
1924 | dbprint(ppl-1, @R2); |
---|
1925 | ideal MM = maxideal(1); |
---|
1926 | MM = 0,s,MM; |
---|
1927 | map R01 = @R, MM; |
---|
1928 | ideal K = R01(K); |
---|
1929 | poly F = imap(save,F); |
---|
1930 | K = K,F; |
---|
1931 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-2- starting the elimination of _x,_Dx in @R2"); |
---|
1932 | dbprint(ppl-1, K); |
---|
1933 | ideal M = engine(K,eng); |
---|
1934 | ideal K2 = nselect(M,1..Nnew-1); |
---|
1935 | kill K,M; |
---|
1936 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-3- _x,_Dx are eliminated in @R2"); |
---|
1937 | dbprint(ppl-1, K2); |
---|
1938 | // the ring @R3 and the search for minimal negative int s |
---|
1939 | ring @R3 = 0,s,dp; |
---|
1940 | dbprint(ppl,"// -3-1- the ring @R3(s) is ready"); |
---|
1941 | ideal K3 = imap(@R2,K2); |
---|
1942 | kill @R2; |
---|
1943 | poly p = K3[1]; |
---|
1944 | dbprint(ppl,"// -3-2- factorization"); |
---|
1945 | list P = factorize(p); //with constants and multiplicities |
---|
1946 | ideal bs; intvec m; //the Bernstein polynomial is monic, so we are not interested in constants |
---|
1947 | for (i=2; i<= size(P[1]); i++) //we delete P[1][1] and P[2][1] |
---|
1948 | { |
---|
1949 | bs[i-1] = P[1][i]; |
---|
1950 | m[i-1] = P[2][i]; |
---|
1951 | } |
---|
1952 | // "--------- b-function factorizes into ---------"; P; |
---|
1953 | int sP = minIntRoot(bs,1); |
---|
1954 | dbprint(ppl,"// -3-3- minimal integer root found"); |
---|
1955 | dbprint(ppl-1, sP); |
---|
1956 | // convert factors to a list of their roots with multiplicities |
---|
1957 | bs = normalize(bs); |
---|
1958 | bs = -subst(bs,s,0); |
---|
1959 | list BS = bs,m; |
---|
1960 | //TODO: sort BS! |
---|
1961 | // --------- substitute s found in the ideal --------- |
---|
1962 | // --------- going back to @R and substitute --------- |
---|
1963 | setring @R; |
---|
1964 | ideal K2 = subst(K,s,sP); |
---|
1965 | // create Dn[s], where Dn is the ordinary Weyl algebra, and put the result into it, |
---|
1966 | // thus creating the ring @R4 |
---|
1967 | // keep: N, i,j,s, tmp, RL |
---|
1968 | setring save; |
---|
1969 | Nnew = 2*N+1; |
---|
1970 | // list RL = ringlist(save); //is defined earlier |
---|
1971 | kill Lord, tmp, iv; |
---|
1972 | L = 0; |
---|
1973 | list Lord, tmp; |
---|
1974 | intvec iv; |
---|
1975 | L[1] = RL[1]; |
---|
1976 | L[4] = RL[4]; //char, minpoly |
---|
1977 | // check whether vars have admissible names -> done earlier |
---|
1978 | // list Name = RL[2] |
---|
1979 | // DName is defined earlier |
---|
1980 | tmp[1] = "s"; |
---|
1981 | list NName = Name + DName + tmp; |
---|
1982 | L[2] = NName; |
---|
1983 | // dp ordering; |
---|
1984 | string s = "iv="; |
---|
1985 | for (i=1; i<=Nnew; i++) |
---|
1986 | { |
---|
1987 | s = s+"1,"; |
---|
1988 | } |
---|
1989 | s[size(s)] = ";"; |
---|
1990 | execute(s); |
---|
1991 | kill s; |
---|
1992 | tmp = 0; |
---|
1993 | tmp[1] = "dp"; //string |
---|
1994 | tmp[2] = iv; //intvec |
---|
1995 | Lord[1] = tmp; |
---|
1996 | tmp[1] = "C"; |
---|
1997 | iv = 0; |
---|
1998 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
1999 | Lord[2] = tmp; |
---|
2000 | tmp = 0; |
---|
2001 | L[3] = Lord; |
---|
2002 | // we are done with the list |
---|
2003 | // Add: Plural part |
---|
2004 | def @R4@ = ring(L); |
---|
2005 | setring @R4@; |
---|
2006 | matrix @D[Nnew][Nnew]; |
---|
2007 | for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
2008 | { |
---|
2009 | @D[i,N+i]=1; |
---|
2010 | } |
---|
2011 | def @R4 = nc_algebra(1,@D); |
---|
2012 | setring @R4; |
---|
2013 | kill @R4@; |
---|
2014 | dbprint(ppl,"// -4-1- the ring @R4(_x,_Dx,s) is ready"); |
---|
2015 | dbprint(ppl-1, @R4); |
---|
2016 | ideal LD0 = imap(@R,K2); |
---|
2017 | ideal LD = imap(@R,K); |
---|
2018 | kill @R; |
---|
2019 | poly bs = imap(@R3,p); |
---|
2020 | list BS = imap(@R3,BS); |
---|
2021 | kill @R3; |
---|
2022 | bs = normalize(bs); |
---|
2023 | poly F = imap(save,F); |
---|
2024 | dbprint(ppl,"// -4-2- starting the computation of PS via lift"); |
---|
2025 | //better liftstd, I didn't knot it works also for Plural, liftslimgb? |
---|
2026 | // liftstd may give extra coeffs in the resulting ideal |
---|
2027 | matrix T = lift(F+LD,bs); |
---|
2028 | poly PS = T[1,1]; |
---|
2029 | dbprint(ppl,"// -4-3- an operator PS found, PS*f^(s+1) = b(s)*f^s"); |
---|
2030 | dbprint(ppl-1,PS); |
---|
2031 | option(redSB); |
---|
2032 | dbprint(ppl,"// -4-4- the final cosmetic std"); |
---|
2033 | LD0 = engine(LD0,eng); //std does the job too |
---|
2034 | LD = engine(LD,eng); |
---|
2035 | export F,LD,LD0,bs,BS,PS; |
---|
2036 | return(@R4); |
---|
2037 | } |
---|
2038 | example |
---|
2039 | { |
---|
2040 | "EXAMPLE:"; echo = 2; |
---|
2041 | ring r = 0,(x,y,z),Dp; |
---|
2042 | poly F = x^3+y^3+z^3; |
---|
2043 | printlevel = 0; |
---|
2044 | def A = operatorBM(F); |
---|
2045 | setring A; |
---|
2046 | F; // the original polynomial itself |
---|
2047 | LD; // generic annihilator |
---|
2048 | LD0; // annihilator |
---|
2049 | bs; // normalized Bernstein poly |
---|
2050 | BS; // roots and multiplicities of the Bernstein poly |
---|
2051 | PS; // the operator, s.t. PS*F^{s+1} = bs*F^s mod LD |
---|
2052 | reduce(PS*F-bs,LD); // check the property of PS |
---|
2053 | } |
---|
2054 | |
---|
2055 | // more interesting: |
---|
2056 | // ring r = 0,(x,y,z,w),Dp; |
---|
2057 | // poly F = x^3+y^3+z^2*w; |
---|
2058 | |
---|
2059 | // need: (c,<) ordering for such comp's |
---|
2060 | |
---|
2061 | proc operatorModulo(poly F, ideal I, poly b) |
---|
2062 | "USAGE: operatorModulo(f,I,b); f a poly, I an ideal, b a poly |
---|
2063 | RETURN: poly |
---|
2064 | PURPOSE: compute the B-operator from the polynomial f, |
---|
2065 | @* ideal I = Ann f^s and Bernstein-Sato polynomial b |
---|
2066 | @* using modulo i.e. kernel of module homomorphism |
---|
2067 | NOTE: The computations take place in the ring, similar to the one |
---|
2068 | @* returned by Sannfs procedure. |
---|
2069 | @* Note, that operator is not completely reduced wrt Ann f^{s+1}. |
---|
2070 | @* If printlevel=1, progress debug messages will be printed, |
---|
2071 | @* if printlevel>=2, all the debug messages will be printed. |
---|
2072 | EXAMPLE: example operatorModulo; shows examples |
---|
2073 | " |
---|
2074 | { |
---|
2075 | int ppl = printlevel-voice+2; |
---|
2076 | def save = basering; |
---|
2077 | // change the ordering on the currRing |
---|
2078 | def mering = makeModElimRing(save); |
---|
2079 | setring mering; |
---|
2080 | poly b = imap(save, b); |
---|
2081 | poly F = imap(save, F); |
---|
2082 | ideal I = imap(save, I); |
---|
2083 | matrix N = matrix(I); // ann f^s |
---|
2084 | // matrix K = hom_kernel(AA,M,N); |
---|
2085 | // option(noreturnSB)? |
---|
2086 | /// matrix K = modulo(AA,N); // too slow: do it with slim! |
---|
2087 | module M = b,-F; |
---|
2088 | dbprint(ppl,"starting modulo computation"); |
---|
2089 | module K = moduloSlim(M,N); |
---|
2090 | dbprint(ppl,"finished modulo computation"); |
---|
2091 | // K = transpose(K); |
---|
2092 | // matrix M[3][s+2] = F,-b,I[1..s], 1,0:(s+1),0,1,0:(s); |
---|
2093 | // module GM = slimgb(M); |
---|
2094 | // module GMT = transpose(G); |
---|
2095 | // GMT = GMT[2],GMT[3]; // modulo matrix |
---|
2096 | // module K = GMT[2]; |
---|
2097 | // GMT = transpose(GMT); |
---|
2098 | // K = transpose(K); |
---|
2099 | // matrix K = GMT; |
---|
2100 | ////////////////////////////////////////////////// |
---|
2101 | // now select those elts whose 0's entry is nonzero |
---|
2102 | // if there is constant => done |
---|
2103 | // if not => compute GB and get it |
---|
2104 | module L; |
---|
2105 | ideal J; |
---|
2106 | int i; |
---|
2107 | poly t; number n; |
---|
2108 | for(i=1; i<=ncols(K); i++) |
---|
2109 | { |
---|
2110 | if (K[1,i]!=0) |
---|
2111 | { |
---|
2112 | L = L,K[i]; |
---|
2113 | if ( leadmonom(K[1,i]) == 1) |
---|
2114 | { |
---|
2115 | t = K[2,i]; |
---|
2116 | n = leadcoef(K[1,i]); |
---|
2117 | t = t/n; |
---|
2118 | break; |
---|
2119 | // return(t); |
---|
2120 | } |
---|
2121 | } |
---|
2122 | } |
---|
2123 | if (n!=0) |
---|
2124 | { |
---|
2125 | // constant found |
---|
2126 | setring save; poly t = imap(mering,t); kill mering; |
---|
2127 | return(t); |
---|
2128 | } |
---|
2129 | dbprint(ppl,"no explicit constant. Start one more GB computation"); |
---|
2130 | // else: compute GB and do the same |
---|
2131 | L = L[2..ncols(L)]; |
---|
2132 | K = slimgb(L); |
---|
2133 | dbprint(ppl,"finished GB computation"); |
---|
2134 | for(i=1; i<=ncols(K); i++) |
---|
2135 | { |
---|
2136 | if (K[1,i]!=0) |
---|
2137 | { |
---|
2138 | if ( leadmonom(K[1,i]) == 1) |
---|
2139 | { |
---|
2140 | t = K[2,i]; |
---|
2141 | n = leadcoef(K[1,i]); |
---|
2142 | t = t/n; |
---|
2143 | // break; |
---|
2144 | setring save; poly t = imap(mering,t); kill mering; |
---|
2145 | return(t); |
---|
2146 | } |
---|
2147 | } |
---|
2148 | } |
---|
2149 | |
---|
2150 | // we are here if no constant found |
---|
2151 | "ERROR: must never get here!"; |
---|
2152 | return(0); |
---|
2153 | // for(i=1; i<=nrows(K); i++) |
---|
2154 | // { |
---|
2155 | // if (K[i,2]!=0) |
---|
2156 | // { |
---|
2157 | // if ( leadmonom(K[i,2]) == 1) |
---|
2158 | // { |
---|
2159 | // t = K[i,1]; |
---|
2160 | // n = leadcoef(K[i,2]); |
---|
2161 | // t = t/n; |
---|
2162 | // // J = J, K[i][2]; |
---|
2163 | // break; |
---|
2164 | // } |
---|
2165 | // } |
---|
2166 | // } |
---|
2167 | // ideal J = groebner(subst(I,s,s+1)); // for NF |
---|
2168 | // t = NF(t,J); |
---|
2169 | // "candidate:"; t; |
---|
2170 | // J = subst(J,s,s-1); |
---|
2171 | // // test: |
---|
2172 | // if ( NF(t*F-b,J) !=0) |
---|
2173 | // { |
---|
2174 | // "Problem: PS does not work on F"; |
---|
2175 | // } |
---|
2176 | // return(t); |
---|
2177 | } |
---|
2178 | example |
---|
2179 | { |
---|
2180 | "EXAMPLE:"; echo = 2; |
---|
2181 | // LIB "dmod.lib"; option(prot); option(mem); |
---|
2182 | ring r = 0,(x,y),Dp; |
---|
2183 | poly F = x^3+y^3+x*y^3; |
---|
2184 | def A = Sannfs(F); // here we get LD = ann f^s |
---|
2185 | setring A; |
---|
2186 | poly F = imap(r,F); |
---|
2187 | def B = annfs0(LD,F); // to obtain BS polynomial |
---|
2188 | list BS = imap(B,BS); poly bs = fl2poly(BS,"s"); |
---|
2189 | poly PS = operatorModulo(F,LD,bs); |
---|
2190 | LD = groebner(LD); |
---|
2191 | PS = NF(PS,subst(LD,s,s+1));; // reduction modulo Ann s^{s+1} |
---|
2192 | size(PS); |
---|
2193 | lead(PS); |
---|
2194 | reduce(PS*F-bs,LD); // check the defining property of PS |
---|
2195 | } |
---|
2196 | |
---|
2197 | proc annfsParamBM (poly F, list #) |
---|
2198 | "USAGE: annfsParamBM(f [,eng]); f a poly, eng an optional int |
---|
2199 | RETURN: ring |
---|
2200 | PURPOSE: compute the generic Ann F^s and exceptional parametric constellations |
---|
2201 | @* of a polynomial with parametric coefficients with the BM algorithm |
---|
2202 | NOTE: activate the output ring with the @code{setring} command. In this ring, |
---|
2203 | @* - the ideal LD is the D-module structure oa Ann F^s |
---|
2204 | @* - the ideal Param contains special parameters as entries |
---|
2205 | @* If eng <>0, @code{std} is used for Groebner basis computations, |
---|
2206 | @* otherwise, and by default @code{slimgb} is used. |
---|
2207 | DISPLAY: If @code{printlevel}=1, progress debug messages will be printed, |
---|
2208 | @* if @code{printlevel}>=2, all the debug messages will be printed. |
---|
2209 | EXAMPLE: example annfsParamBM; shows examples |
---|
2210 | " |
---|
2211 | { |
---|
2212 | //PURPOSE: compute the list of all possible Bernstein-Sato polynomials for a polynomial with parametric coefficients, according to the algorithm by Briancon and Maisonobe |
---|
2213 | // @* - the list BS is the list of roots and multiplicities of a Bernstein polynomial of f. |
---|
2214 | // ***** not implented yet **** |
---|
2215 | int eng = 0; |
---|
2216 | if ( size(#)>0 ) |
---|
2217 | { |
---|
2218 | if ( typeof(#[1]) == "int" ) |
---|
2219 | { |
---|
2220 | eng = int(#[1]); |
---|
2221 | } |
---|
2222 | } |
---|
2223 | // returns a list with a ring and an ideal LD in it |
---|
2224 | int ppl = printlevel-voice+2; |
---|
2225 | // printf("plevel :%s, voice: %s",printlevel,voice); |
---|
2226 | def save = basering; |
---|
2227 | int N = nvars(basering); |
---|
2228 | int Nnew = 2*N+2; |
---|
2229 | int i,j; |
---|
2230 | string s; |
---|
2231 | list RL = ringlist(basering); |
---|
2232 | list L, Lord; |
---|
2233 | list tmp; |
---|
2234 | intvec iv; |
---|
2235 | L[1] = RL[1]; //char |
---|
2236 | L[4] = RL[4]; //char, minpoly |
---|
2237 | // check whether vars have admissible names |
---|
2238 | list Name = RL[2]; |
---|
2239 | list RName; |
---|
2240 | RName[1] = "t"; |
---|
2241 | RName[2] = "s"; |
---|
2242 | for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
2243 | { |
---|
2244 | for(j=1; j<=size(RName); j++) |
---|
2245 | { |
---|
2246 | if (Name[i] == RName[j]) |
---|
2247 | { |
---|
2248 | ERROR("Variable names should not include t,s"); |
---|
2249 | } |
---|
2250 | } |
---|
2251 | } |
---|
2252 | // now, create the names for new vars |
---|
2253 | list DName; |
---|
2254 | for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
2255 | { |
---|
2256 | DName[i] = "D"+Name[i]; //concat |
---|
2257 | } |
---|
2258 | tmp[1] = "t"; |
---|
2259 | tmp[2] = "s"; |
---|
2260 | list NName = tmp + Name + DName; |
---|
2261 | L[2] = NName; |
---|
2262 | // Name, Dname will be used further |
---|
2263 | kill NName; |
---|
2264 | // block ord (lp(2),dp); |
---|
2265 | tmp[1] = "lp"; // string |
---|
2266 | iv = 1,1; |
---|
2267 | tmp[2] = iv; //intvec |
---|
2268 | Lord[1] = tmp; |
---|
2269 | // continue with dp 1,1,1,1... |
---|
2270 | tmp[1] = "dp"; // string |
---|
2271 | s = "iv="; |
---|
2272 | for (i=1; i<=Nnew; i++) |
---|
2273 | { |
---|
2274 | s = s+"1,"; |
---|
2275 | } |
---|
2276 | s[size(s)]= ";"; |
---|
2277 | execute(s); |
---|
2278 | kill s; |
---|
2279 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
2280 | Lord[2] = tmp; |
---|
2281 | tmp[1] = "C"; |
---|
2282 | iv = 0; |
---|
2283 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
2284 | Lord[3] = tmp; |
---|
2285 | tmp = 0; |
---|
2286 | L[3] = Lord; |
---|
2287 | // we are done with the list |
---|
2288 | def @R@ = ring(L); |
---|
2289 | setring @R@; |
---|
2290 | matrix @D[Nnew][Nnew]; |
---|
2291 | @D[1,2]=t; |
---|
2292 | for(i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
2293 | { |
---|
2294 | @D[2+i,N+2+i]=1; |
---|
2295 | } |
---|
2296 | // L[5] = matrix(UpOneMatrix(Nnew)); |
---|
2297 | // L[6] = @D; |
---|
2298 | def @R = nc_algebra(1,@D); |
---|
2299 | setring @R; |
---|
2300 | kill @R@; |
---|
2301 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-1- the ring @R(t,s,_x,_Dx) is ready"); |
---|
2302 | dbprint(ppl-1, @R); |
---|
2303 | // create the ideal I |
---|
2304 | poly F = imap(save,F); |
---|
2305 | ideal I = t*F+s; |
---|
2306 | poly p; |
---|
2307 | for(i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
2308 | { |
---|
2309 | p = t; //t |
---|
2310 | p = diff(F,var(2+i))*p; |
---|
2311 | I = I, var(N+2+i) + p; |
---|
2312 | } |
---|
2313 | // -------- the ideal I is ready ---------- |
---|
2314 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-2- starting the elimination of t in @R"); |
---|
2315 | dbprint(ppl-1, I); |
---|
2316 | ideal J = engine(I,eng); |
---|
2317 | ideal K = nselect(J,1); |
---|
2318 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-3- t is eliminated"); |
---|
2319 | dbprint(ppl-1, K); //K is without t |
---|
2320 | // ----- looking for special parameters ----- |
---|
2321 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-1- starting the computation of the transformation matrix (via lift)"); |
---|
2322 | J = normalize(J); |
---|
2323 | matrix T = lift(I,J); //try also with liftstd |
---|
2324 | kill I,J; |
---|
2325 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-2- the transformation matrix has been computed"); |
---|
2326 | dbprint(ppl-1, T); //T is the transformation matrix |
---|
2327 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-3- genericity does the job"); |
---|
2328 | list lParam = genericity(T); |
---|
2329 | int ip = size(lParam); |
---|
2330 | int cip; |
---|
2331 | string sParam; |
---|
2332 | if (sParam[1]=="-") { sParam=""; } //genericity returns "-" |
---|
2333 | // if no parameters exist in a basering |
---|
2334 | for (cip=1; cip <= ip; cip++) |
---|
2335 | { |
---|
2336 | sParam = sParam + "," +lParam[cip]; |
---|
2337 | } |
---|
2338 | if (size(sParam) >=2) |
---|
2339 | { |
---|
2340 | sParam = sParam[2..size(sParam)]; // removes the 1st colon |
---|
2341 | } |
---|
2342 | export sParam; |
---|
2343 | kill T; |
---|
2344 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-4- the special parameters has been computed"); |
---|
2345 | dbprint(ppl, sParam); |
---|
2346 | // create Dn[s], where Dn is the ordinary Weyl Algebra, and put the result into it, |
---|
2347 | // thus creating the ring @R2 |
---|
2348 | // keep: N, i,j,s, tmp, RL |
---|
2349 | setring save; |
---|
2350 | Nnew = 2*N+1; |
---|
2351 | // list RL = ringlist(save); //is defined earlier |
---|
2352 | kill Lord, tmp, iv; |
---|
2353 | L = 0; |
---|
2354 | list Lord, tmp; |
---|
2355 | intvec iv; |
---|
2356 | L[1] = RL[1]; |
---|
2357 | L[4] = RL[4]; //char, minpoly |
---|
2358 | // check whether vars have admissible names -> done earlier |
---|
2359 | // list Name = RL[2]M |
---|
2360 | // DName is defined earlier |
---|
2361 | tmp[1] = "s"; |
---|
2362 | list NName = Name + DName + tmp; |
---|
2363 | L[2] = NName; |
---|
2364 | // dp ordering; |
---|
2365 | string s = "iv="; |
---|
2366 | for (i=1; i<=Nnew; i++) |
---|
2367 | { |
---|
2368 | s = s+"1,"; |
---|
2369 | } |
---|
2370 | s[size(s)] = ";"; |
---|
2371 | execute(s); |
---|
2372 | kill s; |
---|
2373 | tmp = 0; |
---|
2374 | tmp[1] = "dp"; //string |
---|
2375 | tmp[2] = iv; //intvec |
---|
2376 | Lord[1] = tmp; |
---|
2377 | tmp[1] = "C"; |
---|
2378 | iv = 0; |
---|
2379 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
2380 | Lord[2] = tmp; |
---|
2381 | tmp = 0; |
---|
2382 | L[3] = Lord; |
---|
2383 | // we are done with the list |
---|
2384 | // Add: Plural part |
---|
2385 | def @R2@ = ring(L); |
---|
2386 | setring @R2@; |
---|
2387 | matrix @D[Nnew][Nnew]; |
---|
2388 | for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
2389 | { |
---|
2390 | @D[i,N+i]=1; |
---|
2391 | } |
---|
2392 | def @R2 = nc_algebra(1,@D); |
---|
2393 | setring @R2; |
---|
2394 | kill @R2@; |
---|
2395 | dbprint(ppl,"// -3-1- the ring @R2(_x,_Dx,s) is ready"); |
---|
2396 | dbprint(ppl-1, @R2); |
---|
2397 | ideal K = imap(@R,K); |
---|
2398 | kill @R; |
---|
2399 | option(redSB); |
---|
2400 | dbprint(ppl,"// -3-2- the final cosmetic std"); |
---|
2401 | K = engine(K,eng); //std does the job too |
---|
2402 | ideal LD = K; |
---|
2403 | export LD; |
---|
2404 | if (sParam[1] == ",") |
---|
2405 | { |
---|
2406 | sParam = sParam[2..size(sParam)]; |
---|
2407 | } |
---|
2408 | // || ((sParam[1] == " ") && (sParam[2] == ","))) |
---|
2409 | execute("ideal Param ="+sParam+";"); |
---|
2410 | export Param; |
---|
2411 | kill sParam; |
---|
2412 | return(@R2); |
---|
2413 | } |
---|
2414 | example |
---|
2415 | { |
---|
2416 | "EXAMPLE:"; echo = 2; |
---|
2417 | ring r = (0,a,b),(x,y),Dp; |
---|
2418 | poly F = x^2 - (y-a)*(y-b); |
---|
2419 | printlevel = 0; |
---|
2420 | def A = annfsParamBM(F); setring A; |
---|
2421 | LD; |
---|
2422 | Param; |
---|
2423 | setring r; |
---|
2424 | poly G = x2-(y-a)^2; // try the exceptional value b=a of parameters |
---|
2425 | def B = annfsParamBM(G); setring B; |
---|
2426 | LD; |
---|
2427 | Param; |
---|
2428 | } |
---|
2429 | |
---|
2430 | // *** the following example is nice, but too complicated for the documentation *** |
---|
2431 | // ring r = (0,a),(x,y,z),Dp; |
---|
2432 | // poly F = x^4+y^4+z^2+a*x*y*z; |
---|
2433 | // printlevel = 2; //0 |
---|
2434 | // def A = annfsParamBM(F); |
---|
2435 | // setring A; |
---|
2436 | // LD; |
---|
2437 | // Param; |
---|
2438 | |
---|
2439 | |
---|
2440 | proc annfsBMI(ideal F, list #) |
---|
2441 | "USAGE: annfsBMI(F [,eng]); F an ideal, eng an optional int |
---|
2442 | RETURN: ring |
---|
2443 | PURPOSE: compute the D-module structure of basering[1/f]*f^s where |
---|
2444 | @* f = F[1]*..*F[P], according to the algorithm by Briancon and Maisonobe. |
---|
2445 | NOTE: activate the output ring with the @code{setring} command. In this ring, |
---|
2446 | @* - the ideal LD is the needed D-mod structure, |
---|
2447 | @* - the list BS is the Bernstein ideal of a polynomial f = F[1]*..*F[P]. |
---|
2448 | @* If eng <>0, @code{std} is used for Groebner basis computations, |
---|
2449 | @* otherwise, and by default @code{slimgb} is used. |
---|
2450 | @* If printlevel=1, progress debug messages will be printed, |
---|
2451 | @* if printlevel>=2, all the debug messages will be printed. |
---|
2452 | EXAMPLE: example annfsBMI; shows examples |
---|
2453 | " |
---|
2454 | { |
---|
2455 | int eng = 0; |
---|
2456 | if ( size(#)>0 ) |
---|
2457 | { |
---|
2458 | if ( typeof(#[1]) == "int" ) |
---|
2459 | { |
---|
2460 | eng = int(#[1]); |
---|
2461 | } |
---|
2462 | } |
---|
2463 | // returns a list with a ring and an ideal LD in it |
---|
2464 | int ppl = printlevel-voice+2; |
---|
2465 | // printf("plevel :%s, voice: %s",printlevel,voice); |
---|
2466 | def save = basering; |
---|
2467 | int N = nvars(basering); |
---|
2468 | int P = size(F); //if F has some generators which are zero, int P = ncols(I); |
---|
2469 | int Nnew = 2*N+2*P; |
---|
2470 | int i,j; |
---|
2471 | string s; |
---|
2472 | list RL = ringlist(basering); |
---|
2473 | list L, Lord; |
---|
2474 | list tmp; |
---|
2475 | intvec iv; |
---|
2476 | L[1] = RL[1]; //char |
---|
2477 | L[4] = RL[4]; //char, minpoly |
---|
2478 | // check whether vars have admissible names |
---|
2479 | list Name = RL[2]; |
---|
2480 | list RName; |
---|
2481 | for (j=1; j<=P; j++) |
---|
2482 | { |
---|
2483 | RName[j] = "t("+string(j)+")"; |
---|
2484 | RName[j+P] = "s("+string(j)+")"; |
---|
2485 | } |
---|
2486 | for(i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
2487 | { |
---|
2488 | for(j=1; j<=size(RName); j++) |
---|
2489 | { |
---|
2490 | if (Name[i] == RName[j]) |
---|
2491 | { ERROR("Variable names should not include t(i),s(i)"); } |
---|
2492 | } |
---|
2493 | } |
---|
2494 | // now, create the names for new vars |
---|
2495 | list DName; |
---|
2496 | for(i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
2497 | { |
---|
2498 | DName[i] = "D"+Name[i]; //concat |
---|
2499 | } |
---|
2500 | list NName = RName + Name + DName; |
---|
2501 | L[2] = NName; |
---|
2502 | // Name, Dname will be used further |
---|
2503 | kill NName; |
---|
2504 | // block ord (lp(P),dp); |
---|
2505 | tmp[1] = "lp"; //string |
---|
2506 | s = "iv="; |
---|
2507 | for (i=1; i<=2*P; i++) |
---|
2508 | { |
---|
2509 | s = s+"1,"; |
---|
2510 | } |
---|
2511 | s[size(s)]= ";"; |
---|
2512 | execute(s); |
---|
2513 | tmp[2] = iv; //intvec |
---|
2514 | Lord[1] = tmp; |
---|
2515 | // continue with dp 1,1,1,1... |
---|
2516 | tmp[1] = "dp"; //string |
---|
2517 | s = "iv="; |
---|
2518 | for (i=1; i<=Nnew; i++) //actually i<=2*N |
---|
2519 | { |
---|
2520 | s = s+"1,"; |
---|
2521 | } |
---|
2522 | s[size(s)]= ";"; |
---|
2523 | execute(s); |
---|
2524 | kill s; |
---|
2525 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
2526 | Lord[2] = tmp; |
---|
2527 | tmp[1] = "C"; |
---|
2528 | iv = 0; |
---|
2529 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
2530 | Lord[3] = tmp; |
---|
2531 | tmp = 0; |
---|
2532 | L[3] = Lord; |
---|
2533 | // we are done with the list |
---|
2534 | def @R@ = ring(L); |
---|
2535 | setring @R@; |
---|
2536 | matrix @D[Nnew][Nnew]; |
---|
2537 | for (i=1; i<=P; i++) |
---|
2538 | { |
---|
2539 | @D[i,i+P] = t(i); |
---|
2540 | } |
---|
2541 | for(i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
2542 | { |
---|
2543 | @D[2*P+i,2*P+N+i] = 1; |
---|
2544 | } |
---|
2545 | // L[5] = matrix(UpOneMatrix(Nnew)); |
---|
2546 | // L[6] = @D; |
---|
2547 | def @R = nc_algebra(1,@D); |
---|
2548 | setring @R; |
---|
2549 | kill @R@; |
---|
2550 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-1- the ring @R(_t,_s,_x,_Dx) is ready"); |
---|
2551 | dbprint(ppl-1, @R); |
---|
2552 | // create the ideal I |
---|
2553 | ideal F = imap(save,F); |
---|
2554 | ideal I = t(1)*F[1]+s(1); |
---|
2555 | for (j=2; j<=P; j++) |
---|
2556 | { |
---|
2557 | I = I, t(j)*F[j]+s(j); |
---|
2558 | } |
---|
2559 | poly p,q; |
---|
2560 | for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
2561 | { |
---|
2562 | p=0; |
---|
2563 | for (j=1; j<=P; j++) |
---|
2564 | { |
---|
2565 | q = t(j); |
---|
2566 | q = diff(F[j],var(2*P+i))*q; |
---|
2567 | p = p + q; |
---|
2568 | } |
---|
2569 | I = I, var(2*P+N+i) + p; |
---|
2570 | } |
---|
2571 | // -------- the ideal I is ready ---------- |
---|
2572 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-2- starting the elimination of "+string(t(1..P))+" in @R"); |
---|
2573 | dbprint(ppl-1, I); |
---|
2574 | ideal J = engine(I,eng); |
---|
2575 | ideal K = nselect(J,1..P); |
---|
2576 | kill I,J; |
---|
2577 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-3- all t(i) are eliminated"); |
---|
2578 | dbprint(ppl-1, K); //K is without t(i) |
---|
2579 | // ----------- the ring @R2 ------------ |
---|
2580 | // _x, _Dx,s; elim.ord for _x,_Dx. |
---|
2581 | // keep: N, i,j,s, tmp, RL |
---|
2582 | setring save; |
---|
2583 | Nnew = 2*N+P; |
---|
2584 | kill Lord, tmp, iv, RName; |
---|
2585 | list Lord, tmp; |
---|
2586 | intvec iv; |
---|
2587 | L[1] = RL[1]; //char |
---|
2588 | L[4] = RL[4]; //char, minpoly |
---|
2589 | // check whether vars hava admissible names -> done earlier |
---|
2590 | // now, create the names for new var |
---|
2591 | for (j=1; j<=P; j++) |
---|
2592 | { |
---|
2593 | tmp[j] = "s("+string(j)+")"; |
---|
2594 | } |
---|
2595 | // DName is defined earlier |
---|
2596 | list NName = Name + DName + tmp; |
---|
2597 | L[2] = NName; |
---|
2598 | tmp = 0; |
---|
2599 | // block ord (dp(N),dp); |
---|
2600 | string s = "iv="; |
---|
2601 | for (i=1; i<=Nnew-P; i++) |
---|
2602 | { |
---|
2603 | s = s+"1,"; |
---|
2604 | } |
---|
2605 | s[size(s)]=";"; |
---|
2606 | execute(s); |
---|
2607 | tmp[1] = "dp"; //string |
---|
2608 | tmp[2] = iv; //intvec |
---|
2609 | Lord[1] = tmp; |
---|
2610 | // continue with dp 1,1,1,1... |
---|
2611 | tmp[1] = "dp"; //string |
---|
2612 | s[size(s)] = ","; |
---|
2613 | for (j=1; j<=P; j++) |
---|
2614 | { |
---|
2615 | s = s+"1,"; |
---|
2616 | } |
---|
2617 | s[size(s)]=";"; |
---|
2618 | execute(s); |
---|
2619 | kill s; |
---|
2620 | kill NName; |
---|
2621 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
2622 | Lord[2] = tmp; |
---|
2623 | tmp[1] = "C"; |
---|
2624 | iv = 0; |
---|
2625 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
2626 | Lord[3] = tmp; |
---|
2627 | tmp = 0; |
---|
2628 | L[3] = Lord; |
---|
2629 | // we are done with the list. Now add a Plural part |
---|
2630 | def @R2@ = ring(L); |
---|
2631 | setring @R2@; |
---|
2632 | matrix @D[Nnew][Nnew]; |
---|
2633 | for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
2634 | { |
---|
2635 | @D[i,N+i]=1; |
---|
2636 | } |
---|
2637 | def @R2 = nc_algebra(1,@D); |
---|
2638 | setring @R2; |
---|
2639 | kill @R2@; |
---|
2640 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-1- the ring @R2(_x,_Dx,_s) is ready"); |
---|
2641 | dbprint(ppl-1, @R2); |
---|
2642 | // ideal MM = maxideal(1); |
---|
2643 | // MM = 0,s,MM; |
---|
2644 | // map R01 = @R, MM; |
---|
2645 | // ideal K = R01(K); |
---|
2646 | ideal F = imap(save,F); // maybe ideal F = R01(I); ? |
---|
2647 | ideal K = imap(@R,K); // maybe ideal K = R01(I); ? |
---|
2648 | poly f=1; |
---|
2649 | for (j=1; j<=P; j++) |
---|
2650 | { |
---|
2651 | f = f*F[j]; |
---|
2652 | } |
---|
2653 | K = K,f; // to compute B (Bernstein-Sato ideal) |
---|
2654 | //j=2; // for example |
---|
2655 | //K = K,F[j]; // to compute Bj (see "On the computation of Bernstein-Sato ideals"; Castro, Ucha) |
---|
2656 | //K = K,F; // to compute Bsigma (see "On the computation of Bernstein-Sato ideals"; Castro, Ucha) |
---|
2657 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-2- starting the elimination of _x,_Dx in @R2"); |
---|
2658 | dbprint(ppl-1, K); |
---|
2659 | ideal M = engine(K,eng); |
---|
2660 | ideal K2 = nselect(M,1..Nnew-P); |
---|
2661 | kill K,M; |
---|
2662 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-3- _x,_Dx are eliminated in @R2"); |
---|
2663 | dbprint(ppl-1, K2); |
---|
2664 | // the ring @R3 and factorize |
---|
2665 | ring @R3 = 0,s(1..P),dp; |
---|
2666 | dbprint(ppl,"// -3-1- the ring @R3(_s) is ready"); |
---|
2667 | ideal K3 = imap(@R2,K2); |
---|
2668 | if (size(K3)==1) |
---|
2669 | { |
---|
2670 | poly p = K3[1]; |
---|
2671 | dbprint(ppl,"// -3-2- factorization"); |
---|
2672 | // Warning: now P is an integer |
---|
2673 | list Q = factorize(p); //with constants and multiplicities |
---|
2674 | ideal bs; intvec m; |
---|
2675 | for (i=2; i<=size(Q[1]); i++) //we delete Q[1][1] and Q[2][1] |
---|
2676 | { |
---|
2677 | bs[i-1] = Q[1][i]; |
---|
2678 | m[i-1] = Q[2][i]; |
---|
2679 | } |
---|
2680 | // "--------- Q-ideal factorizes into ---------"; list(bs,m); |
---|
2681 | list BS = bs,m; |
---|
2682 | } |
---|
2683 | else |
---|
2684 | { |
---|
2685 | // conjecture: the Bernstein ideal is principal |
---|
2686 | dbprint(ppl,"// -3-2- the Bernstein ideal is not principal"); |
---|
2687 | ideal BS = K3; |
---|
2688 | } |
---|
2689 | // create the ring @R4(_x,_Dx,_s) and put the result into it, |
---|
2690 | // _x, _Dx,s; ord "dp". |
---|
2691 | // keep: N, i,j,s, tmp, RL |
---|
2692 | setring save; |
---|
2693 | Nnew = 2*N+P; |
---|
2694 | // list RL = ringlist(save); //is defined earlier |
---|
2695 | kill Lord, tmp, iv; |
---|
2696 | L = 0; |
---|
2697 | list Lord, tmp; |
---|
2698 | intvec iv; |
---|
2699 | L[1] = RL[1]; //char |
---|
2700 | L[4] = RL[4]; //char, minpoly |
---|
2701 | // check whether vars hava admissible names -> done earlier |
---|
2702 | // now, create the names for new var |
---|
2703 | for (j=1; j<=P; j++) |
---|
2704 | { |
---|
2705 | tmp[j] = "s("+string(j)+")"; |
---|
2706 | } |
---|
2707 | // DName is defined earlier |
---|
2708 | list NName = Name + DName + tmp; |
---|
2709 | L[2] = NName; |
---|
2710 | tmp = 0; |
---|
2711 | // dp ordering; |
---|
2712 | string s = "iv="; |
---|
2713 | for (i=1; i<=Nnew; i++) |
---|
2714 | { |
---|
2715 | s = s+"1,"; |
---|
2716 | } |
---|
2717 | s[size(s)]=";"; |
---|
2718 | execute(s); |
---|
2719 | kill s; |
---|
2720 | kill NName; |
---|
2721 | tmp[1] = "dp"; //string |
---|
2722 | tmp[2] = iv; //intvec |
---|
2723 | Lord[1] = tmp; |
---|
2724 | tmp[1] = "C"; |
---|
2725 | iv = 0; |
---|
2726 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
2727 | Lord[2] = tmp; |
---|
2728 | tmp = 0; |
---|
2729 | L[3] = Lord; |
---|
2730 | // we are done with the list. Now add a Plural part |
---|
2731 | def @R4@ = ring(L); |
---|
2732 | setring @R4@; |
---|
2733 | matrix @D[Nnew][Nnew]; |
---|
2734 | for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
2735 | { |
---|
2736 | @D[i,N+i]=1; |
---|
2737 | } |
---|
2738 | def @R4 = nc_algebra(1,@D); |
---|
2739 | setring @R4; |
---|
2740 | kill @R4@; |
---|
2741 | dbprint(ppl,"// -4-1- the ring @R4i(_x,_Dx,_s) is ready"); |
---|
2742 | dbprint(ppl-1, @R4); |
---|
2743 | ideal K4 = imap(@R,K); |
---|
2744 | option(redSB); |
---|
2745 | dbprint(ppl,"// -4-2- the final cosmetic std"); |
---|
2746 | K4 = engine(K4,eng); //std does the job too |
---|
2747 | // total cleanup |
---|
2748 | kill @R; |
---|
2749 | kill @R2; |
---|
2750 | def BS = imap(@R3,BS); |
---|
2751 | export BS; |
---|
2752 | kill @R3; |
---|
2753 | ideal LD = K4; |
---|
2754 | export LD; |
---|
2755 | return(@R4); |
---|
2756 | } |
---|
2757 | example |
---|
2758 | { |
---|
2759 | "EXAMPLE:"; echo = 2; |
---|
2760 | ring r = 0,(x,y),Dp; |
---|
2761 | ideal F = x,y,x+y; |
---|
2762 | printlevel = 0; |
---|
2763 | def A = annfsBMI(F); |
---|
2764 | setring A; |
---|
2765 | LD; |
---|
2766 | BS; |
---|
2767 | } |
---|
2768 | |
---|
2769 | proc annfsOT(poly F, list #) |
---|
2770 | "USAGE: annfsOT(f [,eng]); f a poly, eng an optional int |
---|
2771 | RETURN: ring |
---|
2772 | PURPOSE: compute the D-module structure of basering[1/f]*f^s, |
---|
2773 | @* according to the algorithm by Oaku and Takayama |
---|
2774 | NOTE: activate the output ring with the @code{setring} command. In this ring, |
---|
2775 | @* - the ideal LD (which is a Groebner basis) is the needed D-module structure, |
---|
2776 | @* which is obtained by substituting the minimal integer root of a Bernstein |
---|
2777 | @* polynomial into the s-parametric ideal; |
---|
2778 | @* - the list BS contains roots with multiplicities of a Bernstein polynomial of f. |
---|
2779 | @* If eng <>0, @code{std} is used for Groebner basis computations, |
---|
2780 | @* otherwise, and by default @code{slimgb} is used. |
---|
2781 | @* If printlevel=1, progress debug messages will be printed, |
---|
2782 | @* if printlevel>=2, all the debug messages will be printed. |
---|
2783 | EXAMPLE: example annfsOT; shows examples |
---|
2784 | " |
---|
2785 | { |
---|
2786 | int eng = 0; |
---|
2787 | if ( size(#)>0 ) |
---|
2788 | { |
---|
2789 | if ( typeof(#[1]) == "int" ) |
---|
2790 | { |
---|
2791 | eng = int(#[1]); |
---|
2792 | } |
---|
2793 | } |
---|
2794 | // returns a list with a ring and an ideal LD in it |
---|
2795 | int ppl = printlevel-voice+2; |
---|
2796 | // printf("plevel :%s, voice: %s",printlevel,voice); |
---|
2797 | def save = basering; |
---|
2798 | int N = nvars(basering); |
---|
2799 | int Nnew = 2*(N+2); |
---|
2800 | int i,j; |
---|
2801 | string s; |
---|
2802 | list RL = ringlist(basering); |
---|
2803 | list L, Lord; |
---|
2804 | list tmp; |
---|
2805 | intvec iv; |
---|
2806 | L[1] = RL[1]; // char |
---|
2807 | L[4] = RL[4]; // char, minpoly |
---|
2808 | // check whether vars have admissible names |
---|
2809 | list Name = RL[2]; |
---|
2810 | list RName; |
---|
2811 | RName[1] = "u"; |
---|
2812 | RName[2] = "v"; |
---|
2813 | RName[3] = "t"; |
---|
2814 | RName[4] = "Dt"; |
---|
2815 | for(i=1;i<=N;i++) |
---|
2816 | { |
---|
2817 | for(j=1; j<=size(RName);j++) |
---|
2818 | { |
---|
2819 | if (Name[i] == RName[j]) |
---|
2820 | { |
---|
2821 | ERROR("Variable names should not include u,v,t,Dt"); |
---|
2822 | } |
---|
2823 | } |
---|
2824 | } |
---|
2825 | // now, create the names for new vars |
---|
2826 | tmp[1] = "u"; |
---|
2827 | tmp[2] = "v"; |
---|
2828 | list UName = tmp; |
---|
2829 | list DName; |
---|
2830 | for(i=1;i<=N;i++) |
---|
2831 | { |
---|
2832 | DName[i] = "D"+Name[i]; // concat |
---|
2833 | } |
---|
2834 | tmp = 0; |
---|
2835 | tmp[1] = "t"; |
---|
2836 | tmp[2] = "Dt"; |
---|
2837 | list NName = UName + tmp + Name + DName; |
---|
2838 | L[2] = NName; |
---|
2839 | tmp = 0; |
---|
2840 | // Name, Dname will be used further |
---|
2841 | kill UName; |
---|
2842 | kill NName; |
---|
2843 | // block ord (a(1,1),dp); |
---|
2844 | tmp[1] = "a"; // string |
---|
2845 | iv = 1,1; |
---|
2846 | tmp[2] = iv; //intvec |
---|
2847 | Lord[1] = tmp; |
---|
2848 | // continue with dp 1,1,1,1... |
---|
2849 | tmp[1] = "dp"; // string |
---|
2850 | s = "iv="; |
---|
2851 | for(i=1;i<=Nnew;i++) |
---|
2852 | { |
---|
2853 | s = s+"1,"; |
---|
2854 | } |
---|
2855 | s[size(s)]= ";"; |
---|
2856 | execute(s); |
---|
2857 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
2858 | Lord[2] = tmp; |
---|
2859 | tmp[1] = "C"; |
---|
2860 | iv = 0; |
---|
2861 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
2862 | Lord[3] = tmp; |
---|
2863 | tmp = 0; |
---|
2864 | L[3] = Lord; |
---|
2865 | // we are done with the list |
---|
2866 | def @R@ = ring(L); |
---|
2867 | setring @R@; |
---|
2868 | matrix @D[Nnew][Nnew]; |
---|
2869 | @D[3,4]=1; |
---|
2870 | for(i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
2871 | { |
---|
2872 | @D[4+i,N+4+i]=1; |
---|
2873 | } |
---|
2874 | // @D[N+3,2*(N+2)]=1; old t,Dt stuff |
---|
2875 | // L[5] = matrix(UpOneMatrix(Nnew)); |
---|
2876 | // L[6] = @D; |
---|
2877 | def @R = nc_algebra(1,@D); |
---|
2878 | setring @R; |
---|
2879 | kill @R@; |
---|
2880 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-1- the ring @R(u,v,t,Dt,_x,_Dx) is ready"); |
---|
2881 | dbprint(ppl-1, @R); |
---|
2882 | // create the ideal I |
---|
2883 | poly F = imap(save,F); |
---|
2884 | ideal I = u*F-t,u*v-1; |
---|
2885 | poly p; |
---|
2886 | for(i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
2887 | { |
---|
2888 | p = u*Dt; // u*Dt |
---|
2889 | p = diff(F,var(4+i))*p; |
---|
2890 | I = I, var(N+4+i) + p; |
---|
2891 | } |
---|
2892 | // -------- the ideal I is ready ---------- |
---|
2893 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-2- starting the elimination of u,v in @R"); |
---|
2894 | dbprint(ppl-1, I); |
---|
2895 | ideal J = engine(I,eng); |
---|
2896 | ideal K = nselect(J,1..2); |
---|
2897 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-3- u,v are eliminated"); |
---|
2898 | dbprint(ppl-1, K); // K is without u,v |
---|
2899 | setring save; |
---|
2900 | // ------------ new ring @R2 ------------------ |
---|
2901 | // without u,v and with the elim.ord for t,Dt |
---|
2902 | // tensored with the K[s] |
---|
2903 | // keep: N, i,j,s, tmp, RL |
---|
2904 | Nnew = 2*N+2+1; |
---|
2905 | // list RL = ringlist(save); // is defined earlier |
---|
2906 | L = 0; // kill L; |
---|
2907 | kill Lord, tmp, iv, RName; |
---|
2908 | list Lord, tmp; |
---|
2909 | intvec iv; |
---|
2910 | L[1] = RL[1]; L[4] = RL[4]; // char, minpoly |
---|
2911 | // check whether vars have admissible names -> done earlier |
---|
2912 | // list Name = RL[2]; |
---|
2913 | list RName; |
---|
2914 | RName[1] = "t"; |
---|
2915 | RName[2] = "Dt"; |
---|
2916 | // now, create the names for new var (here, s only) |
---|
2917 | tmp[1] = "s"; |
---|
2918 | // DName is defined earlier |
---|
2919 | list NName = RName + Name + DName + tmp; |
---|
2920 | L[2] = NName; |
---|
2921 | tmp = 0; |
---|
2922 | // block ord (a(1,1),dp); |
---|
2923 | tmp[1] = "a"; iv = 1,1; tmp[2] = iv; //intvec |
---|
2924 | Lord[1] = tmp; |
---|
2925 | // continue with a(1,1,1,1)... |
---|
2926 | tmp[1] = "dp"; s = "iv="; |
---|
2927 | for(i=1; i<= Nnew; i++) |
---|
2928 | { |
---|
2929 | s = s+"1,"; |
---|
2930 | } |
---|
2931 | s[size(s)]= ";"; execute(s); |
---|
2932 | kill NName; |
---|
2933 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
2934 | Lord[2] = tmp; |
---|
2935 | // extra block for s |
---|
2936 | // tmp[1] = "dp"; iv = 1; |
---|
2937 | // s[size(s)]= ","; s = s + "1,1,1;"; execute(s); tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
2938 | // Lord[3] = tmp; |
---|
2939 | kill s; |
---|
2940 | tmp[1] = "C"; iv = 0; tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
2941 | Lord[3] = tmp; tmp = 0; |
---|
2942 | L[3] = Lord; |
---|
2943 | // we are done with the list. Now, add a Plural part |
---|
2944 | def @R2@ = ring(L); |
---|
2945 | setring @R2@; |
---|
2946 | matrix @D[Nnew][Nnew]; |
---|
2947 | @D[1,2] = 1; |
---|
2948 | for(i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
2949 | { |
---|
2950 | @D[2+i,2+N+i] = 1; |
---|
2951 | } |
---|
2952 | def @R2 = nc_algebra(1,@D); |
---|
2953 | setring @R2; |
---|
2954 | kill @R2@; |
---|
2955 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-1- the ring @R2(t,Dt,_x,_Dx,s) is ready"); |
---|
2956 | dbprint(ppl-1, @R2); |
---|
2957 | ideal MM = maxideal(1); |
---|
2958 | MM = 0,0,MM; |
---|
2959 | map R01 = @R, MM; |
---|
2960 | ideal K = R01(K); |
---|
2961 | // ideal K = imap(@R,K); // names of vars are important! |
---|
2962 | poly G = t*Dt+s+1; // s is a variable here |
---|
2963 | K = NF(K,std(G)),G; |
---|
2964 | // -------- the ideal K_(@R2) is ready ---------- |
---|
2965 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-2- starting the elimination of t,Dt in @R2"); |
---|
2966 | dbprint(ppl-1, K); |
---|
2967 | ideal M = engine(K,eng); |
---|
2968 | ideal K2 = nselect(M,1..2); |
---|
2969 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-3- t,Dt are eliminated"); |
---|
2970 | dbprint(ppl-1, K2); |
---|
2971 | // dbprint(ppl-1+1," -2-4- std of K2"); |
---|
2972 | // option(redSB); option(redTail); K2 = std(K2); |
---|
2973 | // K2; // without t,Dt, and with s |
---|
2974 | // -------- the ring @R3 ---------- |
---|
2975 | // _x, _Dx, s; elim.ord for _x,_Dx. |
---|
2976 | // keep: N, i,j,s, tmp, RL |
---|
2977 | setring save; |
---|
2978 | Nnew = 2*N+1; |
---|
2979 | // list RL = ringlist(save); // is defined earlier |
---|
2980 | // kill L; |
---|
2981 | kill Lord, tmp, iv, RName; |
---|
2982 | list Lord, tmp; |
---|
2983 | intvec iv; |
---|
2984 | L[1] = RL[1]; L[4] = RL[4]; // char, minpoly |
---|
2985 | // check whether vars have admissible names -> done earlier |
---|
2986 | // list Name = RL[2]; |
---|
2987 | // now, create the names for new var (here, s only) |
---|
2988 | tmp[1] = "s"; |
---|
2989 | // DName is defined earlier |
---|
2990 | list NName = Name + DName + tmp; |
---|
2991 | L[2] = NName; |
---|
2992 | tmp = 0; |
---|
2993 | // block ord (a(1,1...),dp); |
---|
2994 | string s = "iv="; |
---|
2995 | for(i=1; i<=Nnew-1; i++) |
---|
2996 | { |
---|
2997 | s = s+"1,"; |
---|
2998 | } |
---|
2999 | s[size(s)]= ";"; |
---|
3000 | execute(s); |
---|
3001 | tmp[1] = "a"; // string |
---|
3002 | tmp[2] = iv; //intvec |
---|
3003 | Lord[1] = tmp; |
---|
3004 | // continue with dp 1,1,1,1... |
---|
3005 | tmp[1] = "dp"; // string |
---|
3006 | s[size(s)]=","; s= s+"1;"; |
---|
3007 | execute(s); |
---|
3008 | kill s; |
---|
3009 | kill NName; |
---|
3010 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
3011 | Lord[2] = tmp; |
---|
3012 | tmp[1] = "C"; iv = 0; tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
3013 | Lord[3] = tmp; tmp = 0; |
---|
3014 | L[3] = Lord; |
---|
3015 | // we are done with the list. Now add a Plural part |
---|
3016 | def @R3@ = ring(L); |
---|
3017 | setring @R3@; |
---|
3018 | matrix @D[Nnew][Nnew]; |
---|
3019 | for(i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
3020 | { |
---|
3021 | @D[i,N+i]=1; |
---|
3022 | } |
---|
3023 | def @R3 = nc_algebra(1,@D); |
---|
3024 | setring @R3; |
---|
3025 | kill @R3@; |
---|
3026 | dbprint(ppl,"// -3-1- the ring @R3(_x,_Dx,s) is ready"); |
---|
3027 | dbprint(ppl-1, @R3); |
---|
3028 | ideal MM = maxideal(1); |
---|
3029 | MM = 0,0,MM; |
---|
3030 | map R12 = @R2, MM; |
---|
3031 | ideal K = R12(K2); |
---|
3032 | poly F = imap(save,F); |
---|
3033 | K = K,F; |
---|
3034 | dbprint(ppl,"// -3-2- starting the elimination of _x,_Dx in @R3"); |
---|
3035 | dbprint(ppl-1, K); |
---|
3036 | ideal M = engine(K,eng); |
---|
3037 | ideal K3 = nselect(M,1..Nnew-1); |
---|
3038 | dbprint(ppl,"// -3-3- _x,_Dx are eliminated in @R3"); |
---|
3039 | dbprint(ppl-1, K3); |
---|
3040 | // the ring @R4 and the search for minimal negative int s |
---|
3041 | ring @R4 = 0,(s),dp; |
---|
3042 | dbprint(ppl,"// -4-1- the ring @R4 is ready"); |
---|
3043 | ideal K4 = imap(@R3,K3); |
---|
3044 | poly p = K4[1]; |
---|
3045 | dbprint(ppl,"// -4-2- factorization"); |
---|
3046 | //// ideal P = factorize(p,1); // without constants and multiplicities |
---|
3047 | list P = factorize(p); // with constants and multiplicities |
---|
3048 | ideal bs; intvec m; // the Bernstein polynomial is monic, so we are not interested in constants |
---|
3049 | for (i=2; i<=size(P[1]); i++) // we delete P[1][1] and P[2][1] |
---|
3050 | { |
---|
3051 | bs[i-1] = P[1][i]; |
---|
3052 | m[i-1] = P[2][i]; |
---|
3053 | } |
---|
3054 | // "------ b-function factorizes into ----------"; P; |
---|
3055 | //// int sP = minIntRoot(P, 1); |
---|
3056 | int sP = minIntRoot(bs,1); |
---|
3057 | dbprint(ppl,"// -4-3- minimal integer root found"); |
---|
3058 | dbprint(ppl-1, sP); |
---|
3059 | // convert factors to a list of their roots |
---|
3060 | // assume all factors are linear |
---|
3061 | //// ideal BS = normalize(P); |
---|
3062 | //// BS = subst(BS,s,0); |
---|
3063 | //// BS = -BS; |
---|
3064 | bs = normalize(bs); |
---|
3065 | bs = subst(bs,s,0); |
---|
3066 | bs = -bs; |
---|
3067 | list BS = bs,m; |
---|
3068 | // TODO: sort BS! |
---|
3069 | // ------ substitute s found in the ideal ------ |
---|
3070 | // ------- going back to @R2 and substitute -------- |
---|
3071 | setring @R2; |
---|
3072 | ideal K3 = subst(K2,s,sP); |
---|
3073 | // create the ordinary Weyl algebra and put the result into it, |
---|
3074 | // thus creating the ring @R5 |
---|
3075 | // keep: N, i,j,s, tmp, RL |
---|
3076 | setring save; |
---|
3077 | Nnew = 2*N; |
---|
3078 | // list RL = ringlist(save); // is defined earlier |
---|
3079 | kill Lord, tmp, iv; |
---|
3080 | L = 0; |
---|
3081 | list Lord, tmp; |
---|
3082 | intvec iv; |
---|
3083 | L[1] = RL[1]; L[4] = RL[4]; // char, minpoly |
---|
3084 | // check whether vars have admissible names -> done earlier |
---|
3085 | // list Name = RL[2]; |
---|
3086 | // DName is defined earlier |
---|
3087 | list NName = Name + DName; |
---|
3088 | L[2] = NName; |
---|
3089 | // dp ordering; |
---|
3090 | string s = "iv="; |
---|
3091 | for(i=1;i<=Nnew;i++) |
---|
3092 | { |
---|
3093 | s = s+"1,"; |
---|
3094 | } |
---|
3095 | s[size(s)]= ";"; |
---|
3096 | execute(s); |
---|
3097 | tmp = 0; |
---|
3098 | tmp[1] = "dp"; // string |
---|
3099 | tmp[2] = iv; //intvec |
---|
3100 | Lord[1] = tmp; |
---|
3101 | kill s; |
---|
3102 | tmp[1] = "C"; |
---|
3103 | iv = 0; |
---|
3104 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
3105 | Lord[2] = tmp; |
---|
3106 | tmp = 0; |
---|
3107 | L[3] = Lord; |
---|
3108 | // we are done with the list |
---|
3109 | // Add: Plural part |
---|
3110 | def @R5@ = ring(L); |
---|
3111 | setring @R5@; |
---|
3112 | matrix @D[Nnew][Nnew]; |
---|
3113 | for(i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
3114 | { |
---|
3115 | @D[i,N+i]=1; |
---|
3116 | } |
---|
3117 | def @R5 = nc_algebra(1,@D); |
---|
3118 | setring @R5; |
---|
3119 | kill @R5@; |
---|
3120 | dbprint(ppl,"// -5-1- the ring @R5 is ready"); |
---|
3121 | dbprint(ppl-1, @R5); |
---|
3122 | ideal K5 = imap(@R2,K3); |
---|
3123 | option(redSB); |
---|
3124 | dbprint(ppl,"// -5-2- the final cosmetic std"); |
---|
3125 | K5 = engine(K5,eng); // std does the job too |
---|
3126 | // total cleanup |
---|
3127 | kill @R; |
---|
3128 | kill @R2; |
---|
3129 | kill @R3; |
---|
3130 | //// ideal BS = imap(@R4,BS); |
---|
3131 | list BS = imap(@R4,BS); |
---|
3132 | export BS; |
---|
3133 | ideal LD = K5; |
---|
3134 | kill @R4; |
---|
3135 | export LD; |
---|
3136 | return(@R5); |
---|
3137 | } |
---|
3138 | example |
---|
3139 | { |
---|
3140 | "EXAMPLE:"; echo = 2; |
---|
3141 | ring r = 0,(x,y,z),Dp; |
---|
3142 | poly F = x^2+y^3+z^5; |
---|
3143 | printlevel = 0; |
---|
3144 | def A = annfsOT(F); |
---|
3145 | setring A; |
---|
3146 | LD; |
---|
3147 | BS; |
---|
3148 | } |
---|
3149 | |
---|
3150 | |
---|
3151 | proc SannfsOT(poly F, list #) |
---|
3152 | "USAGE: SannfsOT(f [,eng]); f a poly, eng an optional int |
---|
3153 | RETURN: ring |
---|
3154 | PURPOSE: compute the D-module structure of basering[1/f]*f^s, according to the |
---|
3155 | @* 1st step of the algorithm by Oaku and Takayama in the ring D[s] |
---|
3156 | NOTE: activate the output ring with the @code{setring} command. |
---|
3157 | @* In the output ring D[s], the ideal LD (which is NOT a Groebner basis) |
---|
3158 | @* is the needed D-module structure. |
---|
3159 | @* If eng <>0, @code{std} is used for Groebner basis computations, |
---|
3160 | @* otherwise, and by default @code{slimgb} is used. |
---|
3161 | @* If printlevel=1, progress debug messages will be printed, |
---|
3162 | @* if printlevel>=2, all the debug messages will be printed. |
---|
3163 | EXAMPLE: example SannfsOT; shows examples |
---|
3164 | " |
---|
3165 | { |
---|
3166 | int eng = 0; |
---|
3167 | if ( size(#)>0 ) |
---|
3168 | { |
---|
3169 | if ( typeof(#[1]) == "int" ) |
---|
3170 | { |
---|
3171 | eng = int(#[1]); |
---|
3172 | } |
---|
3173 | } |
---|
3174 | // returns a list with a ring and an ideal LD in it |
---|
3175 | int ppl = printlevel-voice+2; |
---|
3176 | // printf("plevel :%s, voice: %s",printlevel,voice); |
---|
3177 | def save = basering; |
---|
3178 | int N = nvars(basering); |
---|
3179 | int Nnew = 2*(N+2); |
---|
3180 | int i,j; |
---|
3181 | string s; |
---|
3182 | list RL = ringlist(basering); |
---|
3183 | list L, Lord; |
---|
3184 | list tmp; |
---|
3185 | intvec iv; |
---|
3186 | L[1] = RL[1]; // char |
---|
3187 | L[4] = RL[4]; // char, minpoly |
---|
3188 | // check whether vars have admissible names |
---|
3189 | list Name = RL[2]; |
---|
3190 | list RName; |
---|
3191 | RName[1] = "u"; |
---|
3192 | RName[2] = "v"; |
---|
3193 | RName[3] = "t"; |
---|
3194 | RName[4] = "Dt"; |
---|
3195 | for(i=1;i<=N;i++) |
---|
3196 | { |
---|
3197 | for(j=1; j<=size(RName);j++) |
---|
3198 | { |
---|
3199 | if (Name[i] == RName[j]) |
---|
3200 | { |
---|
3201 | ERROR("Variable names should not include u,v,t,Dt"); |
---|
3202 | } |
---|
3203 | } |
---|
3204 | } |
---|
3205 | // now, create the names for new vars |
---|
3206 | tmp[1] = "u"; |
---|
3207 | tmp[2] = "v"; |
---|
3208 | list UName = tmp; |
---|
3209 | list DName; |
---|
3210 | for(i=1;i<=N;i++) |
---|
3211 | { |
---|
3212 | DName[i] = "D"+Name[i]; // concat |
---|
3213 | } |
---|
3214 | tmp = 0; |
---|
3215 | tmp[1] = "t"; |
---|
3216 | tmp[2] = "Dt"; |
---|
3217 | list NName = UName + tmp + Name + DName; |
---|
3218 | L[2] = NName; |
---|
3219 | tmp = 0; |
---|
3220 | // Name, Dname will be used further |
---|
3221 | kill UName; |
---|
3222 | kill NName; |
---|
3223 | // block ord (a(1,1),dp); |
---|
3224 | tmp[1] = "a"; // string |
---|
3225 | iv = 1,1; |
---|
3226 | tmp[2] = iv; //intvec |
---|
3227 | Lord[1] = tmp; |
---|
3228 | // continue with dp 1,1,1,1... |
---|
3229 | tmp[1] = "dp"; // string |
---|
3230 | s = "iv="; |
---|
3231 | for(i=1;i<=Nnew;i++) |
---|
3232 | { |
---|
3233 | s = s+"1,"; |
---|
3234 | } |
---|
3235 | s[size(s)]= ";"; |
---|
3236 | execute(s); |
---|
3237 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
3238 | Lord[2] = tmp; |
---|
3239 | tmp[1] = "C"; |
---|
3240 | iv = 0; |
---|
3241 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
3242 | Lord[3] = tmp; |
---|
3243 | tmp = 0; |
---|
3244 | L[3] = Lord; |
---|
3245 | // we are done with the list |
---|
3246 | def @R@ = ring(L); |
---|
3247 | setring @R@; |
---|
3248 | matrix @D[Nnew][Nnew]; |
---|
3249 | @D[3,4]=1; |
---|
3250 | for(i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
3251 | { |
---|
3252 | @D[4+i,N+4+i]=1; |
---|
3253 | } |
---|
3254 | // @D[N+3,2*(N+2)]=1; old t,Dt stuff |
---|
3255 | // L[5] = matrix(UpOneMatrix(Nnew)); |
---|
3256 | // L[6] = @D; |
---|
3257 | def @R = nc_algebra(1,@D); |
---|
3258 | setring @R; |
---|
3259 | kill @R@; |
---|
3260 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-1- the ring @R(u,v,t,Dt,_x,_Dx) is ready"); |
---|
3261 | dbprint(ppl-1, @R); |
---|
3262 | // create the ideal I |
---|
3263 | poly F = imap(save,F); |
---|
3264 | ideal I = u*F-t,u*v-1; |
---|
3265 | poly p; |
---|
3266 | for(i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
3267 | { |
---|
3268 | p = u*Dt; // u*Dt |
---|
3269 | p = diff(F,var(4+i))*p; |
---|
3270 | I = I, var(N+4+i) + p; |
---|
3271 | } |
---|
3272 | // -------- the ideal I is ready ---------- |
---|
3273 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-2- starting the elimination of u,v in @R"); |
---|
3274 | dbprint(ppl-1, I); |
---|
3275 | ideal J = engine(I,eng); |
---|
3276 | ideal K = nselect(J,1..2); |
---|
3277 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-3- u,v are eliminated"); |
---|
3278 | dbprint(ppl-1, K); // K is without u,v |
---|
3279 | setring save; |
---|
3280 | // ------------ new ring @R2 ------------------ |
---|
3281 | // without u,v and with the elim.ord for t,Dt |
---|
3282 | // tensored with the K[s] |
---|
3283 | // keep: N, i,j,s, tmp, RL |
---|
3284 | Nnew = 2*N+2+1; |
---|
3285 | // list RL = ringlist(save); // is defined earlier |
---|
3286 | L = 0; // kill L; |
---|
3287 | kill Lord, tmp, iv, RName; |
---|
3288 | list Lord, tmp; |
---|
3289 | intvec iv; |
---|
3290 | L[1] = RL[1]; L[4] = RL[4]; // char, minpoly |
---|
3291 | // check whether vars have admissible names -> done earlier |
---|
3292 | // list Name = RL[2]; |
---|
3293 | list RName; |
---|
3294 | RName[1] = "t"; |
---|
3295 | RName[2] = "Dt"; |
---|
3296 | // now, create the names for new var (here, s only) |
---|
3297 | tmp[1] = "s"; |
---|
3298 | // DName is defined earlier |
---|
3299 | list NName = RName + Name + DName + tmp; |
---|
3300 | L[2] = NName; |
---|
3301 | tmp = 0; |
---|
3302 | // block ord (a(1,1),dp); |
---|
3303 | tmp[1] = "a"; iv = 1,1; tmp[2] = iv; //intvec |
---|
3304 | Lord[1] = tmp; |
---|
3305 | // continue with a(1,1,1,1)... |
---|
3306 | tmp[1] = "dp"; s = "iv="; |
---|
3307 | for(i=1; i<= Nnew; i++) |
---|
3308 | { |
---|
3309 | s = s+"1,"; |
---|
3310 | } |
---|
3311 | s[size(s)]= ";"; execute(s); |
---|
3312 | kill NName; |
---|
3313 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
3314 | Lord[2] = tmp; |
---|
3315 | // extra block for s |
---|
3316 | // tmp[1] = "dp"; iv = 1; |
---|
3317 | // s[size(s)]= ","; s = s + "1,1,1;"; execute(s); tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
3318 | // Lord[3] = tmp; |
---|
3319 | kill s; |
---|
3320 | tmp[1] = "C"; iv = 0; tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
3321 | Lord[3] = tmp; tmp = 0; |
---|
3322 | L[3] = Lord; |
---|
3323 | // we are done with the list. Now, add a Plural part |
---|
3324 | def @R2@ = ring(L); |
---|
3325 | setring @R2@; |
---|
3326 | matrix @D[Nnew][Nnew]; |
---|
3327 | @D[1,2] = 1; |
---|
3328 | for(i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
3329 | { |
---|
3330 | @D[2+i,2+N+i] = 1; |
---|
3331 | } |
---|
3332 | def @R2 = nc_algebra(1,@D); |
---|
3333 | setring @R2; |
---|
3334 | kill @R2@; |
---|
3335 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-1- the ring @R2(t,Dt,_x,_Dx,s) is ready"); |
---|
3336 | dbprint(ppl-1, @R2); |
---|
3337 | ideal MM = maxideal(1); |
---|
3338 | MM = 0,0,MM; |
---|
3339 | map R01 = @R, MM; |
---|
3340 | ideal K = R01(K); |
---|
3341 | // ideal K = imap(@R,K); // names of vars are important! |
---|
3342 | poly G = t*Dt+s+1; // s is a variable here |
---|
3343 | K = NF(K,std(G)),G; |
---|
3344 | // -------- the ideal K_(@R2) is ready ---------- |
---|
3345 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-2- starting the elimination of t,Dt in @R2"); |
---|
3346 | dbprint(ppl-1, K); |
---|
3347 | ideal M = engine(K,eng); |
---|
3348 | ideal K2 = nselect(M,1..2); |
---|
3349 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-3- t,Dt are eliminated"); |
---|
3350 | dbprint(ppl-1, K2); |
---|
3351 | K2 = engine(K2,eng); |
---|
3352 | setring save; |
---|
3353 | // ----------- the ring @R3 ------------ |
---|
3354 | // _x, _Dx,s; elim.ord for _x,_Dx. |
---|
3355 | // keep: N, i,j,s, tmp, RL |
---|
3356 | Nnew = 2*N+1; |
---|
3357 | kill Lord, tmp, iv, RName; |
---|
3358 | list Lord, tmp; |
---|
3359 | intvec iv; |
---|
3360 | L[1] = RL[1]; |
---|
3361 | L[4] = RL[4]; // char, minpoly |
---|
3362 | // check whether vars hava admissible names -> done earlier |
---|
3363 | // now, create the names for new var |
---|
3364 | tmp[1] = "s"; |
---|
3365 | // DName is defined earlier |
---|
3366 | list NName = Name + DName + tmp; |
---|
3367 | L[2] = NName; |
---|
3368 | tmp = 0; |
---|
3369 | // block ord (dp(N),dp); |
---|
3370 | string s = "iv="; |
---|
3371 | for (i=1; i<=Nnew-1; i++) |
---|
3372 | { |
---|
3373 | s = s+"1,"; |
---|
3374 | } |
---|
3375 | s[size(s)]=";"; |
---|
3376 | execute(s); |
---|
3377 | tmp[1] = "dp"; // string |
---|
3378 | tmp[2] = iv; // intvec |
---|
3379 | Lord[1] = tmp; |
---|
3380 | // continue with dp 1,1,1,1... |
---|
3381 | tmp[1] = "dp"; // string |
---|
3382 | s[size(s)] = ","; |
---|
3383 | s = s+"1;"; |
---|
3384 | execute(s); |
---|
3385 | kill s; |
---|
3386 | kill NName; |
---|
3387 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
3388 | Lord[2] = tmp; |
---|
3389 | tmp[1] = "C"; iv = 0; tmp[2]=iv; |
---|
3390 | Lord[3] = tmp; tmp = 0; |
---|
3391 | L[3] = Lord; |
---|
3392 | // we are done with the list. Now add a Plural part |
---|
3393 | def @R3@ = ring(L); |
---|
3394 | setring @R3@; |
---|
3395 | matrix @D[Nnew][Nnew]; |
---|
3396 | for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
3397 | { |
---|
3398 | @D[i,N+i]=1; |
---|
3399 | } |
---|
3400 | def @R3 = nc_algebra(1,@D); |
---|
3401 | setring @R3; |
---|
3402 | kill @R3@; |
---|
3403 | dbprint(ppl,"// -3-1- the ring @R3(_x,_Dx,s) is ready"); |
---|
3404 | dbprint(ppl-1, @R3); |
---|
3405 | ideal MM = maxideal(1); |
---|
3406 | MM = 0,s,MM; |
---|
3407 | map R01 = @R2, MM; |
---|
3408 | ideal K2 = R01(K2); |
---|
3409 | // total cleanup |
---|
3410 | ideal LD = K2; |
---|
3411 | // make leadcoeffs positive |
---|
3412 | for (i=1; i<= ncols(LD); i++) |
---|
3413 | { |
---|
3414 | if (leadcoef(LD[i]) <0 ) |
---|
3415 | { |
---|
3416 | LD[i] = -LD[i]; |
---|
3417 | } |
---|
3418 | } |
---|
3419 | export LD; |
---|
3420 | kill @R; |
---|
3421 | kill @R2; |
---|
3422 | return(@R3); |
---|
3423 | } |
---|
3424 | example |
---|
3425 | { |
---|
3426 | "EXAMPLE:"; echo = 2; |
---|
3427 | ring r = 0,(x,y,z),Dp; |
---|
3428 | poly F = x^3+y^3+z^3; |
---|
3429 | printlevel = 0; |
---|
3430 | def A = SannfsOT(F); |
---|
3431 | setring A; |
---|
3432 | LD; |
---|
3433 | } |
---|
3434 | |
---|
3435 | proc SannfsBM(poly F, list #) |
---|
3436 | "USAGE: SannfsBM(f [,eng]); f a poly, eng an optional int |
---|
3437 | RETURN: ring |
---|
3438 | PURPOSE: compute the D-module structure of basering[1/f]*f^s, according to the |
---|
3439 | @* 1st step of the algorithm by Briancon and Maisonobe in the ring D[s]. |
---|
3440 | NOTE: activate the output ring with the @code{setring} command. |
---|
3441 | @* In the output ring D[s], the ideal LD (which is NOT a Groebner basis) is |
---|
3442 | @* the needed D-module structure. |
---|
3443 | @* If eng <>0, @code{std} is used for Groebner basis computations, |
---|
3444 | @* otherwise, and by default @code{slimgb} is used. |
---|
3445 | @* If printlevel=1, progress debug messages will be printed, |
---|
3446 | @* if printlevel>=2, all the debug messages will be printed. |
---|
3447 | EXAMPLE: example SannfsBM; shows examples |
---|
3448 | " |
---|
3449 | { |
---|
3450 | int eng = 0; |
---|
3451 | if ( size(#)>0 ) |
---|
3452 | { |
---|
3453 | if ( typeof(#[1]) == "int" ) |
---|
3454 | { |
---|
3455 | eng = int(#[1]); |
---|
3456 | } |
---|
3457 | } |
---|
3458 | // returns a list with a ring and an ideal LD in it |
---|
3459 | int ppl = printlevel-voice+2; |
---|
3460 | // printf("plevel :%s, voice: %s",printlevel,voice); |
---|
3461 | def save = basering; |
---|
3462 | int N = nvars(basering); |
---|
3463 | int Nnew = 2*N+2; |
---|
3464 | int i,j; |
---|
3465 | string s; |
---|
3466 | list RL = ringlist(basering); |
---|
3467 | list L, Lord; |
---|
3468 | list tmp; |
---|
3469 | intvec iv; |
---|
3470 | L[1] = RL[1]; // char |
---|
3471 | L[4] = RL[4]; // char, minpoly |
---|
3472 | // check whether vars have admissible names |
---|
3473 | list Name = RL[2]; |
---|
3474 | list RName; |
---|
3475 | RName[1] = "t"; |
---|
3476 | RName[2] = "s"; |
---|
3477 | for(i=1;i<=N;i++) |
---|
3478 | { |
---|
3479 | for(j=1; j<=size(RName);j++) |
---|
3480 | { |
---|
3481 | if (Name[i] == RName[j]) |
---|
3482 | { |
---|
3483 | ERROR("Variable names should not include t,s"); |
---|
3484 | } |
---|
3485 | } |
---|
3486 | } |
---|
3487 | // now, create the names for new vars |
---|
3488 | list DName; |
---|
3489 | for(i=1;i<=N;i++) |
---|
3490 | { |
---|
3491 | DName[i] = "D"+Name[i]; // concat |
---|
3492 | } |
---|
3493 | tmp[1] = "t"; |
---|
3494 | tmp[2] = "s"; |
---|
3495 | list NName = tmp + Name + DName; |
---|
3496 | L[2] = NName; |
---|
3497 | // Name, Dname will be used further |
---|
3498 | kill NName; |
---|
3499 | // block ord (lp(2),dp); |
---|
3500 | tmp[1] = "lp"; // string |
---|
3501 | iv = 1,1; |
---|
3502 | tmp[2] = iv; //intvec |
---|
3503 | Lord[1] = tmp; |
---|
3504 | // continue with dp 1,1,1,1... |
---|
3505 | tmp[1] = "dp"; // string |
---|
3506 | s = "iv="; |
---|
3507 | for(i=1;i<=Nnew;i++) |
---|
3508 | { |
---|
3509 | s = s+"1,"; |
---|
3510 | } |
---|
3511 | s[size(s)]= ";"; |
---|
3512 | execute(s); |
---|
3513 | kill s; |
---|
3514 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
3515 | Lord[2] = tmp; |
---|
3516 | tmp[1] = "C"; |
---|
3517 | iv = 0; |
---|
3518 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
3519 | Lord[3] = tmp; |
---|
3520 | tmp = 0; |
---|
3521 | L[3] = Lord; |
---|
3522 | // we are done with the list |
---|
3523 | def @R@ = ring(L); |
---|
3524 | setring @R@; |
---|
3525 | matrix @D[Nnew][Nnew]; |
---|
3526 | @D[1,2]=t; |
---|
3527 | for(i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
3528 | { |
---|
3529 | @D[2+i,N+2+i]=1; |
---|
3530 | } |
---|
3531 | // L[5] = matrix(UpOneMatrix(Nnew)); |
---|
3532 | // L[6] = @D; |
---|
3533 | def @R = nc_algebra(1,@D); |
---|
3534 | setring @R; |
---|
3535 | kill @R@; |
---|
3536 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-1- the ring @R(t,s,_x,_Dx) is ready"); |
---|
3537 | dbprint(ppl-1, @R); |
---|
3538 | // create the ideal I |
---|
3539 | poly F = imap(save,F); |
---|
3540 | ideal I = t*F+s; |
---|
3541 | poly p; |
---|
3542 | for(i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
3543 | { |
---|
3544 | p = t; // t |
---|
3545 | p = diff(F,var(2+i))*p; |
---|
3546 | I = I, var(N+2+i) + p; |
---|
3547 | } |
---|
3548 | // -------- the ideal I is ready ---------- |
---|
3549 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-2- starting the elimination of t in @R"); |
---|
3550 | dbprint(ppl-1, I); |
---|
3551 | ideal J = engine(I,eng); |
---|
3552 | ideal K = nselect(J,1); |
---|
3553 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-3- t is eliminated"); |
---|
3554 | dbprint(ppl-1, K); // K is without t |
---|
3555 | K = engine(K,eng); // std does the job too |
---|
3556 | // now, we must change the ordering |
---|
3557 | // and create a ring without t, Dt |
---|
3558 | // setring S; |
---|
3559 | // ----------- the ring @R3 ------------ |
---|
3560 | // _x, _Dx,s; elim.ord for _x,_Dx. |
---|
3561 | // keep: N, i,j,s, tmp, RL |
---|
3562 | Nnew = 2*N+1; |
---|
3563 | kill Lord, tmp, iv, RName; |
---|
3564 | list Lord, tmp; |
---|
3565 | intvec iv; |
---|
3566 | list L=imap(save,L); |
---|
3567 | list RL=imap(save,RL); |
---|
3568 | L[1] = RL[1]; |
---|
3569 | L[4] = RL[4]; // char, minpoly |
---|
3570 | // check whether vars hava admissible names -> done earlier |
---|
3571 | // now, create the names for new var |
---|
3572 | tmp[1] = "s"; |
---|
3573 | // DName is defined earlier |
---|
3574 | list NName = Name + DName + tmp; |
---|
3575 | L[2] = NName; |
---|
3576 | tmp = 0; |
---|
3577 | // block ord (dp(N),dp); |
---|
3578 | string s = "iv="; |
---|
3579 | for (i=1; i<=Nnew-1; i++) |
---|
3580 | { |
---|
3581 | s = s+"1,"; |
---|
3582 | } |
---|
3583 | s[size(s)]=";"; |
---|
3584 | execute(s); |
---|
3585 | tmp[1] = "dp"; // string |
---|
3586 | tmp[2] = iv; // intvec |
---|
3587 | Lord[1] = tmp; |
---|
3588 | // continue with dp 1,1,1,1... |
---|
3589 | tmp[1] = "dp"; // string |
---|
3590 | s[size(s)] = ","; |
---|
3591 | s = s+"1;"; |
---|
3592 | execute(s); |
---|
3593 | kill s; |
---|
3594 | kill NName; |
---|
3595 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
3596 | Lord[2] = tmp; |
---|
3597 | tmp[1] = "C"; iv = 0; tmp[2]=iv; |
---|
3598 | Lord[3] = tmp; tmp = 0; |
---|
3599 | L[3] = Lord; |
---|
3600 | // we are done with the list. Now add a Plural part |
---|
3601 | def @R2@ = ring(L); |
---|
3602 | setring @R2@; |
---|
3603 | matrix @D[Nnew][Nnew]; |
---|
3604 | for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
3605 | { |
---|
3606 | @D[i,N+i]=1; |
---|
3607 | } |
---|
3608 | def @R2 = nc_algebra(1,@D); |
---|
3609 | setring @R2; |
---|
3610 | kill @R2@; |
---|
3611 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-1- the ring @R2(_x,_Dx,s) is ready"); |
---|
3612 | dbprint(ppl-1, @R2); |
---|
3613 | ideal MM = maxideal(1); |
---|
3614 | MM = 0,s,MM; |
---|
3615 | map R01 = @R, MM; |
---|
3616 | ideal K = R01(K); |
---|
3617 | // total cleanup |
---|
3618 | ideal LD = K; |
---|
3619 | // make leadcoeffs positive |
---|
3620 | for (i=1; i<= ncols(LD); i++) |
---|
3621 | { |
---|
3622 | if (leadcoef(LD[i]) <0 ) |
---|
3623 | { |
---|
3624 | LD[i] = -LD[i]; |
---|
3625 | } |
---|
3626 | } |
---|
3627 | export LD; |
---|
3628 | kill @R; |
---|
3629 | return(@R2); |
---|
3630 | } |
---|
3631 | example |
---|
3632 | { |
---|
3633 | "EXAMPLE:"; echo = 2; |
---|
3634 | ring r = 0,(x,y,z),Dp; |
---|
3635 | poly F = x^3+y^3+z^3; |
---|
3636 | printlevel = 0; |
---|
3637 | def A = SannfsBM(F); |
---|
3638 | setring A; |
---|
3639 | LD; |
---|
3640 | } |
---|
3641 | |
---|
3642 | static proc safeVarName (string s, list #) |
---|
3643 | { |
---|
3644 | string S; |
---|
3645 | int cv = 1; |
---|
3646 | if (size(#)>1) |
---|
3647 | { |
---|
3648 | if (#[1]=="v") { cv = 0; S = varstr(basering); } |
---|
3649 | if (#[1]=="c") { cv = 0; S = charstr(basering); } |
---|
3650 | } |
---|
3651 | if (cv) { S = charstr(basering) + "," + varstr(basering); } |
---|
3652 | S = "," + S + ","; |
---|
3653 | s = "," + s + ","; |
---|
3654 | while (find(S,s) <> 0) |
---|
3655 | { |
---|
3656 | s[1] = "@"; |
---|
3657 | s = "," + s; |
---|
3658 | } |
---|
3659 | s = s[2..size(s)-1]; |
---|
3660 | return(s) |
---|
3661 | } |
---|
3662 | |
---|
3663 | proc SannfsBFCT(poly F, list #) |
---|
3664 | "USAGE: SannfsBFCT(f [,a,b,c]); f a poly, a,b,c optional ints |
---|
3665 | RETURN: ring |
---|
3666 | PURPOSE: compute a Groebner basis either of Ann(f^s)+<f> or of |
---|
3667 | @* Ann(f^s)+<f,f_1,...,f_n> in D[s] |
---|
3668 | NOTE: Activate the output ring with the @code{setring} command. |
---|
3669 | @* This procedure, unlike SannfsBM, returns the ring D[s] with an anti- |
---|
3670 | @* elimination ordering for s. |
---|
3671 | @* The output ring contains an ideal @code{LD}, being a Groebner basis |
---|
3672 | @* either of Ann(f^s)+<f>, if a=0 (and by default), or of |
---|
3673 | @* Ann(f^s)+<f,f_1,...,f_n>, otherwise. |
---|
3674 | @* Here, f_i stands for the i-th partial derivative of f. |
---|
3675 | @* If b<>0, @code{std} is used for Groebner basis computations, |
---|
3676 | @* otherwise, and by default @code{slimgb} is used. |
---|
3677 | @* If c<>0, @code{std} is used for Groebner basis computations of |
---|
3678 | @* ideals <I+J> when I is already a Groebner basis of <I>. |
---|
3679 | @* Otherwise, and by default the engine determined by the switch b is |
---|
3680 | @* used. Note that in the case c<>0, the choice for b will be |
---|
3681 | @* overwritten only for the types of ideals mentioned above. |
---|
3682 | @* This means that if b<>0, specifying c has no effect. |
---|
3683 | DISPLAY: If printlevel=1, progress debug messages will be printed, |
---|
3684 | @* if printlevel>=2, all the debug messages will be printed. |
---|
3685 | EXAMPLE: example SannfsBFCT; shows examples |
---|
3686 | " |
---|
3687 | { |
---|
3688 | int addPD,eng,stdsum; |
---|
3689 | if (size(#)>0) |
---|
3690 | { |
---|
3691 | if (typeof(#[1])=="int" || typeof(#[1])=="number") |
---|
3692 | { |
---|
3693 | addPD = int(#[1]); |
---|
3694 | } |
---|
3695 | if (size(#)>1) |
---|
3696 | { |
---|
3697 | if (typeof(#[2])=="int" || typeof(#[2])=="number") |
---|
3698 | { |
---|
3699 | eng = int(#[2]); |
---|
3700 | } |
---|
3701 | if (size(#)>2) |
---|
3702 | { |
---|
3703 | if (typeof(#[3])=="int" || typeof(#[3])=="number") |
---|
3704 | { |
---|
3705 | stdsum = int(#[3]); |
---|
3706 | } |
---|
3707 | } |
---|
3708 | } |
---|
3709 | } |
---|
3710 | int ppl = printlevel-voice+2; |
---|
3711 | def save = basering; |
---|
3712 | int N = nvars(save); |
---|
3713 | intvec optSave = option(get); |
---|
3714 | int i,j; |
---|
3715 | list RL = ringlist(save); |
---|
3716 | // ----- step 1: compute syzigies |
---|
3717 | intvec iv; |
---|
3718 | list L,Lord; |
---|
3719 | iv = 1:N; Lord[1] = list("dp",iv); |
---|
3720 | iv = 0; Lord[2] = list("C",iv); |
---|
3721 | L = RL; |
---|
3722 | L[3] = Lord; |
---|
3723 | def @RM = ring(L); |
---|
3724 | kill L,Lord; |
---|
3725 | setring @RM; |
---|
3726 | option(redSB); |
---|
3727 | option(redTail); |
---|
3728 | def RM = makeModElimRing(@RM); |
---|
3729 | setring RM; |
---|
3730 | poly F = imap(save,F); |
---|
3731 | ideal J = jacob(F); |
---|
3732 | J = F,J; |
---|
3733 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-1- Starting the computation of syz(F,_Dx(F))"); |
---|
3734 | dbprint(ppl-1, J); |
---|
3735 | module M = syz(J); |
---|
3736 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-2- The module syz(F,_Dx(F)) has been computed"); |
---|
3737 | dbprint(ppl-1, M); |
---|
3738 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-3- Starting GB computation of syz(F,_Dx(F))"); |
---|
3739 | M = engine(M,eng); |
---|
3740 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-4- GB computation finished"); |
---|
3741 | dbprint(ppl-1, M); |
---|
3742 | // ----- step 2: compute part of Ann(F^s) |
---|
3743 | setring save; |
---|
3744 | option(set,optSave); |
---|
3745 | module M = imap(RM,M); |
---|
3746 | kill optSave,RM; |
---|
3747 | // ----- create D[s] |
---|
3748 | int Nnew = 2*N+1; |
---|
3749 | list L, Lord; |
---|
3750 | // ----- keep char, minpoly |
---|
3751 | L[1] = RL[1]; |
---|
3752 | L[4] = RL[4]; |
---|
3753 | // ----- create names for new vars |
---|
3754 | list Name = RL[2]; |
---|
3755 | string newVar@s = safeVarName("s"); |
---|
3756 | if (newVar@s[1] == "@") |
---|
3757 | { |
---|
3758 | print("Name s already assigned to parameter/ringvar."); |
---|
3759 | print("Using " + newVar@s + " instead.") |
---|
3760 | } |
---|
3761 | list DName; |
---|
3762 | for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
3763 | { |
---|
3764 | DName[i] = safeVarName("D" + Name[i]); |
---|
3765 | } |
---|
3766 | L[2] = list(newVar@s) + Name + DName; |
---|
3767 | // ----- create ordering |
---|
3768 | // --- anti-elimination ordering for s |
---|
3769 | iv = 1; Lord[1] = list("dp",iv); |
---|
3770 | iv = 1:(2*N); Lord[2] = list("dp",iv); |
---|
3771 | iv = 0; Lord[3] = list("C",iv); |
---|
3772 | L[3] = Lord; |
---|
3773 | // ----- create commutative ring |
---|
3774 | def @Ds = ring(L); |
---|
3775 | kill L,Lord; |
---|
3776 | setring @Ds; |
---|
3777 | // ----- create nc relations |
---|
3778 | matrix Drel[Nnew][Nnew]; |
---|
3779 | for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
3780 | { |
---|
3781 | Drel[i+1,N+1+i] = 1; |
---|
3782 | } |
---|
3783 | def Ds = nc_algebra(1,Drel); |
---|
3784 | setring Ds; |
---|
3785 | kill @Ds; |
---|
3786 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-1- The ring D[s] is ready"); |
---|
3787 | dbprint(ppl-1, Ds); |
---|
3788 | matrix M = imap(save,M); |
---|
3789 | vector v = var(1)*gen(1); |
---|
3790 | for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
3791 | { |
---|
3792 | v = v + var(i+1+N)*gen(i+1); //[s,_Dx] |
---|
3793 | } |
---|
3794 | ideal J = transpose(M)*v; |
---|
3795 | kill M,v; |
---|
3796 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-2- Compute part of Ann(F^s)"); |
---|
3797 | dbprint(ppl-1, J); |
---|
3798 | J = engine(J,eng); |
---|
3799 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-3- GB computation finished"); |
---|
3800 | dbprint(ppl-1, J); |
---|
3801 | // ----- step 3: the full annihilator |
---|
3802 | // ----- create D<t,s> |
---|
3803 | setring save; |
---|
3804 | Nnew = 2*N+2; |
---|
3805 | list L, Lord; |
---|
3806 | // ----- keep char, minpoly |
---|
3807 | L[1] = RL[1]; |
---|
3808 | L[4] = RL[4]; |
---|
3809 | // ----- create vars |
---|
3810 | string newVar@t = safeVarName("t"); |
---|
3811 | L[2] = list(newVar@t,newVar@s) + DName + Name; |
---|
3812 | // ----- create ordering for elimination of t |
---|
3813 | // block ord (lp(2),dp); |
---|
3814 | iv = 1,1; Lord[1] = list("lp",iv); |
---|
3815 | iv = 1:Nnew; Lord[2] = list("dp",iv); |
---|
3816 | iv = 0; Lord[3] = list("C",iv); |
---|
3817 | L[3] = Lord; |
---|
3818 | def @Dts = ring(L); |
---|
3819 | kill RL,L,Lord,Name,DName,newVar@s,newVar@t; |
---|
3820 | setring @Dts; |
---|
3821 | // ----- create nc relations |
---|
3822 | matrix Drel[Nnew][Nnew]; |
---|
3823 | Drel[1,2] = var(1); |
---|
3824 | for(i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
3825 | { |
---|
3826 | Drel[2+i,N+2+i]=-1; |
---|
3827 | } |
---|
3828 | def Dts = nc_algebra(1,Drel); |
---|
3829 | setring Dts; |
---|
3830 | kill @Dts; |
---|
3831 | dbprint(ppl,"// -3-1- The ring D<t,s> is ready"); |
---|
3832 | dbprint(ppl-1, Dts); |
---|
3833 | // ----- create the ideal I following BM |
---|
3834 | poly F = imap(save,F); |
---|
3835 | ideal I = var(1)*F + var(2); // = t*F + s |
---|
3836 | poly p; |
---|
3837 | for(i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
3838 | { |
---|
3839 | p = var(1)*diff(F,var(N+2+i)) + var(2+i); // = t*F_i + D_i |
---|
3840 | I[i+1] = p; |
---|
3841 | } |
---|
3842 | // ----- add already computed part to it |
---|
3843 | ideal MM = var(2); // s |
---|
3844 | for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
3845 | { |
---|
3846 | MM[1+i] = var(2+N+i); // _x |
---|
3847 | MM[1+N+i] = var(2+i); // _Dx |
---|
3848 | } |
---|
3849 | map Ds2Dts = Ds,MM; |
---|
3850 | ideal J = Ds2Dts(J); |
---|
3851 | attrib(J,"isSB",1); |
---|
3852 | kill MM,Ds2Dts; |
---|
3853 | // ----- start the elimination |
---|
3854 | dbprint(ppl,"// -3-2- Starting the elimination of t in D<t,s>"); |
---|
3855 | dbprint(ppl-1, I); |
---|
3856 | if (stdsum || eng <> 0) |
---|
3857 | { |
---|
3858 | I = std(J,I); |
---|
3859 | } |
---|
3860 | else |
---|
3861 | { |
---|
3862 | I = J,I; |
---|
3863 | I = engine(I,eng); |
---|
3864 | } |
---|
3865 | kill J; |
---|
3866 | I = nselect(I,1); |
---|
3867 | dbprint(ppl,"// -3-3- t is eliminated"); |
---|
3868 | dbprint(ppl-1, I); // I is without t |
---|
3869 | // ----- step 4: add F |
---|
3870 | // ----- back to D[s] |
---|
3871 | setring Ds; |
---|
3872 | ideal MM = 0,var(1); // 0,s |
---|
3873 | for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
3874 | { |
---|
3875 | MM[2+i] = var(1+N+i); // _Dx |
---|
3876 | MM[2+N+i] = var(1+i); // _x |
---|
3877 | } |
---|
3878 | map Dts2Ds = Dts, MM; |
---|
3879 | ideal LD = Dts2Ds(I); |
---|
3880 | kill J,Dts,Dts2Ds,MM; |
---|
3881 | dbprint(ppl,"// -4-1- Starting cosmetic Groebner computation"); |
---|
3882 | LD = engine(LD,eng); |
---|
3883 | dbprint(ppl,"// -4-2- Finished cosmetic Groebner computation"); |
---|
3884 | dbprint(ppl-1, LD); |
---|
3885 | // ----- use reduction trick as Macaulay2 does: compute b(s)/(s+1) by adding all partial derivations also |
---|
3886 | ideal J; |
---|
3887 | if (addPD) |
---|
3888 | { |
---|
3889 | setring @RM; |
---|
3890 | poly F = imap(save,F); |
---|
3891 | ideal J = jacob(F); |
---|
3892 | J = F,J; |
---|
3893 | dbprint(ppl,"// -4-2-1- Start GB computation <f, f_i>"); |
---|
3894 | J = engine(J,eng); |
---|
3895 | dbprint(ppl,"// -4-2-2- Finished GB computation <f, f_i>"); |
---|
3896 | dbprint(ppl-1, J); |
---|
3897 | setring Ds; |
---|
3898 | J = imap(@RM,J); |
---|
3899 | attrib(J,"isSB",1); |
---|
3900 | dbprint(ppl,"// -4-3- Start GB computations for Ann f^s + <f, f_i>"); |
---|
3901 | } |
---|
3902 | else |
---|
3903 | { |
---|
3904 | J = imap(save,F); |
---|
3905 | dbprint(ppl,"// -4-3- Start GB computations for Ann f^s + <f>"); |
---|
3906 | } |
---|
3907 | kill @RM; |
---|
3908 | // ----- the really hard part |
---|
3909 | if (stdsum || eng <> 0) |
---|
3910 | { |
---|
3911 | LD = std(LD,J); |
---|
3912 | } |
---|
3913 | else |
---|
3914 | { |
---|
3915 | LD = LD,J; |
---|
3916 | LD = engine(LD,eng); |
---|
3917 | } |
---|
3918 | if (addPD) { dbprint(ppl,"// -4-4- Finished GB computations for Ann f^s + <f, f_i>"); } |
---|
3919 | else { dbprint(ppl,"// -4-4- Finished GB computations for Ann f^s + <f>"); } |
---|
3920 | dbprint(ppl-1, LD); |
---|
3921 | export LD; |
---|
3922 | return(Ds); |
---|
3923 | } |
---|
3924 | example |
---|
3925 | { |
---|
3926 | "EXAMPLE:"; echo = 2; |
---|
3927 | ring r = 0,(x,y,z,w),Dp; |
---|
3928 | poly F = x^3+y^3+z^3*w; |
---|
3929 | // compute Ann(F^s)+<F> using slimgb only |
---|
3930 | def A = SannfsBFCT(F); |
---|
3931 | setring A; A; |
---|
3932 | LD; |
---|
3933 | // the Bernstein-Sato poly of F: |
---|
3934 | vec2poly(pIntersect(s,LD)); |
---|
3935 | // a fancier example: |
---|
3936 | def R = reiffen(4,5); setring R; |
---|
3937 | RC; // the Reiffen curve in 4,5 |
---|
3938 | // compute Ann(RC^s)+<RC,diff(RC,x),diff(RC,y)> |
---|
3939 | // using std for GB computations of ideals <I+J> |
---|
3940 | // where I is already a GB of <I> |
---|
3941 | // and slimgb for other ideals |
---|
3942 | def B = SannfsBFCT(RC,1,0,1); |
---|
3943 | setring B; |
---|
3944 | // the Bernstein-Sato poly of RC: |
---|
3945 | (s-1)*vec2poly(pIntersect(s,LD)); |
---|
3946 | } |
---|
3947 | |
---|
3948 | |
---|
3949 | proc SannfsBFCTstd(poly F, list #) |
---|
3950 | "USAGE: SannfsBFCTstd(f [,eng]); f a poly, eng an optional int |
---|
3951 | RETURN: ring |
---|
3952 | PURPOSE: compute Ann f^s and Groebner basis of Ann f^s+f in D[s] |
---|
3953 | NOTE: activate the output ring with the @code{setring} command. |
---|
3954 | @* This procedure, unlike SannfsBM, returns a ring with the degrevlex |
---|
3955 | @* ordering in all variables. |
---|
3956 | @* In the ring D[s], the ideal LD (which IS a Groebner basis) is the needed ideal. |
---|
3957 | @* In this procedure @code{std} is used for Groebner basis computations. |
---|
3958 | DISPLAY: If printlevel=1, progress debug messages will be printed, |
---|
3959 | @* if printlevel>=2, all the debug messages will be printed. |
---|
3960 | EXAMPLE: example SannfsBFCTstd; shows examples |
---|
3961 | " |
---|
3962 | { |
---|
3963 | // DEBUG INFO: ordering on the output ring = dp, |
---|
3964 | // use std(K,F); for reusing the std property of K |
---|
3965 | |
---|
3966 | int eng = 0; |
---|
3967 | if ( size(#)>0 ) |
---|
3968 | { |
---|
3969 | if ( typeof(#[1]) == "int" ) |
---|
3970 | { |
---|
3971 | eng = int(#[1]); |
---|
3972 | } |
---|
3973 | } |
---|
3974 | // returns a list with a ring and an ideal LD in it |
---|
3975 | int ppl = printlevel-voice+2; |
---|
3976 | // printf("plevel :%s, voice: %s",printlevel,voice); |
---|
3977 | def save = basering; |
---|
3978 | int N = nvars(basering); |
---|
3979 | int Nnew = 2*N+2; |
---|
3980 | int i,j; |
---|
3981 | string s; |
---|
3982 | list RL = ringlist(basering); |
---|
3983 | list L, Lord; |
---|
3984 | list tmp; |
---|
3985 | intvec iv; |
---|
3986 | L[1] = RL[1]; // char |
---|
3987 | L[4] = RL[4]; // char, minpoly |
---|
3988 | // check whether vars have admissible names |
---|
3989 | list Name = RL[2]; |
---|
3990 | list RName; |
---|
3991 | RName[1] = "@t"; |
---|
3992 | RName[2] = "@s"; |
---|
3993 | for(i=1;i<=N;i++) |
---|
3994 | { |
---|
3995 | for(j=1; j<=size(RName);j++) |
---|
3996 | { |
---|
3997 | if (Name[i] == RName[j]) |
---|
3998 | { |
---|
3999 | ERROR("Variable names should not include @t,@s"); |
---|
4000 | } |
---|
4001 | } |
---|
4002 | } |
---|
4003 | // now, create the names for new vars |
---|
4004 | list DName; |
---|
4005 | for(i=1;i<=N;i++) |
---|
4006 | { |
---|
4007 | DName[i] = "D"+Name[i]; // concat |
---|
4008 | } |
---|
4009 | tmp[1] = "t"; |
---|
4010 | tmp[2] = "s"; |
---|
4011 | list NName = tmp + DName + Name ; |
---|
4012 | L[2] = NName; |
---|
4013 | // Name, Dname will be used further |
---|
4014 | kill NName; |
---|
4015 | // block ord (lp(2),dp); |
---|
4016 | tmp[1] = "lp"; // string |
---|
4017 | iv = 1,1; |
---|
4018 | tmp[2] = iv; //intvec |
---|
4019 | Lord[1] = tmp; |
---|
4020 | // continue with dp 1,1,1,1... |
---|
4021 | tmp[1] = "dp"; // string |
---|
4022 | s = "iv="; |
---|
4023 | for(i=1;i<=Nnew;i++) |
---|
4024 | { |
---|
4025 | s = s+"1,"; |
---|
4026 | } |
---|
4027 | s[size(s)]= ";"; |
---|
4028 | execute(s); |
---|
4029 | kill s; |
---|
4030 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
4031 | Lord[2] = tmp; |
---|
4032 | tmp[1] = "C"; |
---|
4033 | iv = 0; |
---|
4034 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
4035 | Lord[3] = tmp; |
---|
4036 | tmp = 0; |
---|
4037 | L[3] = Lord; |
---|
4038 | // we are done with the list |
---|
4039 | def @R@ = ring(L); |
---|
4040 | setring @R@; |
---|
4041 | matrix @D[Nnew][Nnew]; |
---|
4042 | @D[1,2]=t; |
---|
4043 | for(i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
4044 | { |
---|
4045 | @D[2+i,N+2+i]=-1; |
---|
4046 | } |
---|
4047 | // L[5] = matrix(UpOneMatrix(Nnew)); |
---|
4048 | // L[6] = @D; |
---|
4049 | def @R = nc_algebra(1,@D); |
---|
4050 | setring @R; |
---|
4051 | kill @R@; |
---|
4052 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-1- the ring @R(t,s,_Dx,_x) is ready"); |
---|
4053 | dbprint(ppl-1, @R); |
---|
4054 | // create the ideal I |
---|
4055 | poly F = imap(save,F); |
---|
4056 | ideal I = t*F+s; |
---|
4057 | poly p; |
---|
4058 | for(i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
4059 | { |
---|
4060 | p = t; // t |
---|
4061 | p = diff(F,var(N+2+i))*p; |
---|
4062 | I = I, var(2+i) + p; |
---|
4063 | } |
---|
4064 | // -------- the ideal I is ready ---------- |
---|
4065 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-2- starting the elimination of t in @R"); |
---|
4066 | dbprint(ppl-1, I); |
---|
4067 | ideal J = engine(I,eng); |
---|
4068 | ideal K = nselect(J,1); |
---|
4069 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-3- t is eliminated"); |
---|
4070 | dbprint(ppl-1, K); // K is without t |
---|
4071 | K = engine(K,eng); // std does the job too |
---|
4072 | // now, we must change the ordering |
---|
4073 | // and create a ring without t |
---|
4074 | // setring S; |
---|
4075 | // ----------- the ring @R3 ------------ |
---|
4076 | // _Dx,_x,s; +fast ord ! |
---|
4077 | // keep: N, i,j,s, tmp, RL |
---|
4078 | Nnew = 2*N+1; |
---|
4079 | kill Lord, tmp, iv, RName; |
---|
4080 | list Lord, tmp; |
---|
4081 | intvec iv; |
---|
4082 | list L=imap(save,L); |
---|
4083 | list RL=imap(save,RL); |
---|
4084 | L[1] = RL[1]; |
---|
4085 | L[4] = RL[4]; // char, minpoly |
---|
4086 | // check whether vars hava admissible names -> done earlier |
---|
4087 | // now, create the names for new var |
---|
4088 | tmp[1] = "s"; |
---|
4089 | // DName is defined earlier |
---|
4090 | list NName = DName + Name + tmp; |
---|
4091 | L[2] = NName; |
---|
4092 | tmp = 0; |
---|
4093 | // just dp |
---|
4094 | // block ord (dp(N),dp); |
---|
4095 | string s = "iv="; |
---|
4096 | for (i=1; i<=Nnew; i++) |
---|
4097 | { |
---|
4098 | s = s+"1,"; |
---|
4099 | } |
---|
4100 | s[size(s)]=";"; |
---|
4101 | execute(s); |
---|
4102 | tmp[1] = "dp"; // string |
---|
4103 | tmp[2] = iv; // intvec |
---|
4104 | Lord[1] = tmp; |
---|
4105 | kill s; |
---|
4106 | kill NName; |
---|
4107 | tmp[1] = "C"; |
---|
4108 | Lord[2] = tmp; tmp = 0; |
---|
4109 | L[3] = Lord; |
---|
4110 | // we are done with the list. Now add a Plural part |
---|
4111 | def @R2@ = ring(L); |
---|
4112 | setring @R2@; |
---|
4113 | matrix @D[Nnew][Nnew]; |
---|
4114 | for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
4115 | { |
---|
4116 | @D[i,N+i]=-1; |
---|
4117 | } |
---|
4118 | def @R2 = nc_algebra(1,@D); |
---|
4119 | setring @R2; |
---|
4120 | kill @R2@; |
---|
4121 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-1- the ring @R2(_Dx,_x,s) is ready"); |
---|
4122 | dbprint(ppl-1, @R2); |
---|
4123 | ideal MM = maxideal(1); |
---|
4124 | MM = 0,s,MM; |
---|
4125 | map R01 = @R, MM; |
---|
4126 | ideal K = R01(K); |
---|
4127 | // total cleanup |
---|
4128 | poly F = imap(save, F); |
---|
4129 | // ideal LD = K,F; |
---|
4130 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-2- start GB computations for Ann f^s + f"); |
---|
4131 | // dbprint(ppl-1, LD); |
---|
4132 | ideal LD = std(K,F); |
---|
4133 | // LD = engine(LD,eng); |
---|
4134 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-3- finished GB computations for Ann f^s + f"); |
---|
4135 | dbprint(ppl-1, LD); |
---|
4136 | // make leadcoeffs positive |
---|
4137 | for (i=1; i<= ncols(LD); i++) |
---|
4138 | { |
---|
4139 | if (leadcoef(LD[i]) <0 ) |
---|
4140 | { |
---|
4141 | LD[i] = -LD[i]; |
---|
4142 | } |
---|
4143 | } |
---|
4144 | export LD; |
---|
4145 | kill @R; |
---|
4146 | return(@R2); |
---|
4147 | } |
---|
4148 | example |
---|
4149 | { |
---|
4150 | "EXAMPLE:"; echo = 2; |
---|
4151 | ring r = 0,(x,y,z,w),Dp; |
---|
4152 | poly F = x^3+y^3+z^3*w; |
---|
4153 | printlevel = 0; |
---|
4154 | def A = SannfsBFCT(F); setring A; |
---|
4155 | intvec v = 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8; |
---|
4156 | // are there polynomials, depending on s only? |
---|
4157 | nselect(LD,v); |
---|
4158 | // a fancier example: |
---|
4159 | def R = reiffen(4,5); setring R; |
---|
4160 | v = 1,2,3,4; |
---|
4161 | RC; // the Reiffen curve in 4,5 |
---|
4162 | def B = SannfsBFCT(RC); |
---|
4163 | setring B; |
---|
4164 | // Are there polynomials, depending on s only? |
---|
4165 | nselect(LD,v); |
---|
4166 | // It is not the case. Are there leading monomials in s only? |
---|
4167 | nselect(lead(LD),v); |
---|
4168 | } |
---|
4169 | |
---|
4170 | // use a finer ordering |
---|
4171 | |
---|
4172 | proc SannfsLOT(poly F, list #) |
---|
4173 | "USAGE: SannfsLOT(f [,eng]); f a poly, eng an optional int |
---|
4174 | RETURN: ring |
---|
4175 | PURPOSE: compute the D-module structure of basering[1/f]*f^s, according to the |
---|
4176 | @* Levandovskyy's modification of the algorithm by Oaku and Takayama in D[s] |
---|
4177 | NOTE: activate the output ring with the @code{setring} command. |
---|
4178 | @* In the ring D[s], the ideal LD (which is NOT a Groebner basis) is |
---|
4179 | @* the needed D-module structure. |
---|
4180 | @* If eng <>0, @code{std} is used for Groebner basis computations, |
---|
4181 | @* otherwise, and by default @code{slimgb} is used. |
---|
4182 | @* If printlevel=1, progress debug messages will be printed, |
---|
4183 | @* if printlevel>=2, all the debug messages will be printed. |
---|
4184 | EXAMPLE: example SannfsLOT; shows examples |
---|
4185 | " |
---|
4186 | { |
---|
4187 | int eng = 0; |
---|
4188 | if ( size(#)>0 ) |
---|
4189 | { |
---|
4190 | if ( typeof(#[1]) == "int" ) |
---|
4191 | { |
---|
4192 | eng = int(#[1]); |
---|
4193 | } |
---|
4194 | } |
---|
4195 | // returns a list with a ring and an ideal LD in it |
---|
4196 | int ppl = printlevel-voice+2; |
---|
4197 | // printf("plevel :%s, voice: %s",printlevel,voice); |
---|
4198 | def save = basering; |
---|
4199 | int N = nvars(basering); |
---|
4200 | // int Nnew = 2*(N+2); |
---|
4201 | int Nnew = 2*(N+1)+1; //removed u,v; added s |
---|
4202 | int i,j; |
---|
4203 | string s; |
---|
4204 | list RL = ringlist(basering); |
---|
4205 | list L, Lord; |
---|
4206 | list tmp; |
---|
4207 | intvec iv; |
---|
4208 | L[1] = RL[1]; // char |
---|
4209 | L[4] = RL[4]; // char, minpoly |
---|
4210 | // check whether vars have admissible names |
---|
4211 | list Name = RL[2]; |
---|
4212 | list RName; |
---|
4213 | // RName[1] = "u"; |
---|
4214 | // RName[2] = "v"; |
---|
4215 | RName[1] = "t"; |
---|
4216 | RName[2] = "Dt"; |
---|
4217 | for(i=1;i<=N;i++) |
---|
4218 | { |
---|
4219 | for(j=1; j<=size(RName);j++) |
---|
4220 | { |
---|
4221 | if (Name[i] == RName[j]) |
---|
4222 | { |
---|
4223 | ERROR("Variable names should not include t,Dt"); |
---|
4224 | } |
---|
4225 | } |
---|
4226 | } |
---|
4227 | // now, create the names for new vars |
---|
4228 | // tmp[1] = "u"; |
---|
4229 | // tmp[2] = "v"; |
---|
4230 | // list UName = tmp; |
---|
4231 | list DName; |
---|
4232 | for(i=1;i<=N;i++) |
---|
4233 | { |
---|
4234 | DName[i] = "D"+Name[i]; // concat |
---|
4235 | } |
---|
4236 | tmp = 0; |
---|
4237 | tmp[1] = "t"; |
---|
4238 | tmp[2] = "Dt"; |
---|
4239 | list SName ; SName[1] = "s"; |
---|
4240 | // list NName = tmp + Name + DName + SName; |
---|
4241 | list NName = tmp + SName + Name + DName; |
---|
4242 | L[2] = NName; |
---|
4243 | tmp = 0; |
---|
4244 | // Name, Dname will be used further |
---|
4245 | // kill UName; |
---|
4246 | kill NName; |
---|
4247 | // block ord (a(1,1),dp); |
---|
4248 | tmp[1] = "a"; // string |
---|
4249 | iv = 1,1; |
---|
4250 | tmp[2] = iv; //intvec |
---|
4251 | Lord[1] = tmp; |
---|
4252 | // continue with a(0,0,1) |
---|
4253 | tmp[1] = "a"; // string |
---|
4254 | iv = 0,0,1; |
---|
4255 | tmp[2] = iv; //intvec |
---|
4256 | Lord[2] = tmp; |
---|
4257 | // continue with dp 1,1,1,1... |
---|
4258 | tmp[1] = "dp"; // string |
---|
4259 | s = "iv="; |
---|
4260 | for(i=1;i<=Nnew;i++) |
---|
4261 | { |
---|
4262 | s = s+"1,"; |
---|
4263 | } |
---|
4264 | s[size(s)]= ";"; |
---|
4265 | execute(s); |
---|
4266 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
4267 | Lord[3] = tmp; |
---|
4268 | tmp[1] = "C"; |
---|
4269 | iv = 0; |
---|
4270 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
4271 | Lord[4] = tmp; |
---|
4272 | tmp = 0; |
---|
4273 | L[3] = Lord; |
---|
4274 | // we are done with the list |
---|
4275 | def @R@ = ring(L); |
---|
4276 | setring @R@; |
---|
4277 | matrix @D[Nnew][Nnew]; |
---|
4278 | @D[1,2]=1; |
---|
4279 | for(i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
4280 | { |
---|
4281 | @D[3+i,N+3+i]=1; |
---|
4282 | } |
---|
4283 | // ADD [s,t]=-t, [s,Dt]=Dt |
---|
4284 | @D[1,3] = -var(1); |
---|
4285 | @D[2,3] = var(2); |
---|
4286 | // @D[N+3,2*(N+2)]=1; old t,Dt stuff |
---|
4287 | // L[5] = matrix(UpOneMatrix(Nnew)); |
---|
4288 | // L[6] = @D; |
---|
4289 | def @R = nc_algebra(1,@D); |
---|
4290 | setring @R; |
---|
4291 | kill @R@; |
---|
4292 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-1- the ring @R(t,Dt,s,_x,_Dx) is ready"); |
---|
4293 | dbprint(ppl-1, @R); |
---|
4294 | // create the ideal I |
---|
4295 | poly F = imap(save,F); |
---|
4296 | // ideal I = u*F-t,u*v-1; |
---|
4297 | ideal I = F-t; |
---|
4298 | poly p; |
---|
4299 | for(i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
4300 | { |
---|
4301 | // p = u*Dt; // u*Dt |
---|
4302 | p = Dt; |
---|
4303 | p = diff(F,var(3+i))*p; |
---|
4304 | I = I, var(N+3+i) + p; |
---|
4305 | } |
---|
4306 | // I = I, var(1)*var(2) + var(Nnew) +1; // reduce it with t-f!!! |
---|
4307 | // t*Dt + s +1 reduced with t-f gives f*Dt + s |
---|
4308 | I = I, F*var(2) + var(3); |
---|
4309 | // -------- the ideal I is ready ---------- |
---|
4310 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-2- starting the elimination of t,Dt in @R"); |
---|
4311 | dbprint(ppl-1, I); |
---|
4312 | ideal J = engine(I,eng); |
---|
4313 | ideal K = nselect(J,1..2); |
---|
4314 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-3- t,Dt are eliminated"); |
---|
4315 | dbprint(ppl-1, K); // K is without t, Dt |
---|
4316 | K = engine(K,eng); // std does the job too |
---|
4317 | // now, we must change the ordering |
---|
4318 | // and create a ring without t, Dt |
---|
4319 | setring save; |
---|
4320 | // ----------- the ring @R3 ------------ |
---|
4321 | // _x, _Dx,s; elim.ord for _x,_Dx. |
---|
4322 | // keep: N, i,j,s, tmp, RL |
---|
4323 | Nnew = 2*N+1; |
---|
4324 | kill Lord, tmp, iv, RName; |
---|
4325 | list Lord, tmp; |
---|
4326 | intvec iv; |
---|
4327 | L[1] = RL[1]; |
---|
4328 | L[4] = RL[4]; // char, minpoly |
---|
4329 | // check whether vars hava admissible names -> done earlier |
---|
4330 | // now, create the names for new var |
---|
4331 | tmp[1] = "s"; |
---|
4332 | // DName is defined earlier |
---|
4333 | list NName = Name + DName + tmp; |
---|
4334 | L[2] = NName; |
---|
4335 | tmp = 0; |
---|
4336 | // block ord (dp(N),dp); |
---|
4337 | // string s is already defined |
---|
4338 | s = "iv="; |
---|
4339 | for (i=1; i<=Nnew-1; i++) |
---|
4340 | { |
---|
4341 | s = s+"1,"; |
---|
4342 | } |
---|
4343 | s[size(s)]=";"; |
---|
4344 | execute(s); |
---|
4345 | tmp[1] = "dp"; // string |
---|
4346 | tmp[2] = iv; // intvec |
---|
4347 | Lord[1] = tmp; |
---|
4348 | // continue with dp 1,1,1,1... |
---|
4349 | tmp[1] = "dp"; // string |
---|
4350 | s[size(s)] = ","; |
---|
4351 | s = s+"1;"; |
---|
4352 | execute(s); |
---|
4353 | kill s; |
---|
4354 | kill NName; |
---|
4355 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
4356 | Lord[2] = tmp; |
---|
4357 | tmp[1] = "C"; iv = 0; tmp[2]=iv; |
---|
4358 | Lord[3] = tmp; tmp = 0; |
---|
4359 | L[3] = Lord; |
---|
4360 | // we are done with the list. Now add a Plural part |
---|
4361 | def @R2@ = ring(L); |
---|
4362 | setring @R2@; |
---|
4363 | matrix @D[Nnew][Nnew]; |
---|
4364 | for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
4365 | { |
---|
4366 | @D[i,N+i]=1; |
---|
4367 | } |
---|
4368 | def @R2 = nc_algebra(1,@D); |
---|
4369 | setring @R2; |
---|
4370 | kill @R2@; |
---|
4371 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-1- the ring @R2(_x,_Dx,s) is ready"); |
---|
4372 | dbprint(ppl-1, @R2); |
---|
4373 | ideal MM = maxideal(1); |
---|
4374 | // MM = 0,s,MM; |
---|
4375 | MM = 0,0,s,MM[1..size(MM)-1]; |
---|
4376 | map R01 = @R, MM; |
---|
4377 | ideal K = R01(K); |
---|
4378 | // total cleanup |
---|
4379 | ideal LD = K; |
---|
4380 | // make leadcoeffs positive |
---|
4381 | for (i=1; i<= ncols(LD); i++) |
---|
4382 | { |
---|
4383 | if (leadcoef(LD[i]) <0 ) |
---|
4384 | { |
---|
4385 | LD[i] = -LD[i]; |
---|
4386 | } |
---|
4387 | } |
---|
4388 | export LD; |
---|
4389 | kill @R; |
---|
4390 | return(@R2); |
---|
4391 | } |
---|
4392 | example |
---|
4393 | { |
---|
4394 | "EXAMPLE:"; echo = 2; |
---|
4395 | ring r = 0,(x,y,z),Dp; |
---|
4396 | poly F = x^3+y^3+z^3; |
---|
4397 | printlevel = 0; |
---|
4398 | def A = SannfsLOT(F); |
---|
4399 | setring A; |
---|
4400 | LD; |
---|
4401 | } |
---|
4402 | |
---|
4403 | /* |
---|
4404 | proc SannfsLOTold(poly F, list #) |
---|
4405 | "USAGE: SannfsLOT(f [,eng]); f a poly, eng an optional int |
---|
4406 | RETURN: ring |
---|
4407 | PURPOSE: compute the D-module structure of basering[1/f]*f^s, according to the Levandovskyy's modification of the algorithm by Oaku and Takayama in the ring D[s], where D is the Weyl algebra |
---|
4408 | NOTE: activate the output ring with the @code{setring} command. |
---|
4409 | @* In the ring D[s], the ideal LD (which is NOT a Groebner basis) is the needed D-module structure. |
---|
4410 | @* If eng <>0, @code{std} is used for Groebner basis computations, |
---|
4411 | @* otherwise, and by default @code{slimgb} is used. |
---|
4412 | @* If printlevel=1, progress debug messages will be printed, |
---|
4413 | @* if printlevel>=2, all the debug messages will be printed. |
---|
4414 | EXAMPLE: example SannfsLOT; shows examples |
---|
4415 | " |
---|
4416 | { |
---|
4417 | int eng = 0; |
---|
4418 | if ( size(#)>0 ) |
---|
4419 | { |
---|
4420 | if ( typeof(#[1]) == "int" ) |
---|
4421 | { |
---|
4422 | eng = int(#[1]); |
---|
4423 | } |
---|
4424 | } |
---|
4425 | // returns a list with a ring and an ideal LD in it |
---|
4426 | int ppl = printlevel-voice+2; |
---|
4427 | // printf("plevel :%s, voice: %s",printlevel,voice); |
---|
4428 | def save = basering; |
---|
4429 | int N = nvars(basering); |
---|
4430 | // int Nnew = 2*(N+2); |
---|
4431 | int Nnew = 2*(N+1)+1; //removed u,v; added s |
---|
4432 | int i,j; |
---|
4433 | string s; |
---|
4434 | list RL = ringlist(basering); |
---|
4435 | list L, Lord; |
---|
4436 | list tmp; |
---|
4437 | intvec iv; |
---|
4438 | L[1] = RL[1]; // char |
---|
4439 | L[4] = RL[4]; // char, minpoly |
---|
4440 | // check whether vars have admissible names |
---|
4441 | list Name = RL[2]; |
---|
4442 | list RName; |
---|
4443 | // RName[1] = "u"; |
---|
4444 | // RName[2] = "v"; |
---|
4445 | RName[1] = "t"; |
---|
4446 | RName[2] = "Dt"; |
---|
4447 | for(i=1;i<=N;i++) |
---|
4448 | { |
---|
4449 | for(j=1; j<=size(RName);j++) |
---|
4450 | { |
---|
4451 | if (Name[i] == RName[j]) |
---|
4452 | { |
---|
4453 | ERROR("Variable names should not include t,Dt"); |
---|
4454 | } |
---|
4455 | } |
---|
4456 | } |
---|
4457 | // now, create the names for new vars |
---|
4458 | // tmp[1] = "u"; |
---|
4459 | // tmp[2] = "v"; |
---|
4460 | // list UName = tmp; |
---|
4461 | list DName; |
---|
4462 | for(i=1;i<=N;i++) |
---|
4463 | { |
---|
4464 | DName[i] = "D"+Name[i]; // concat |
---|
4465 | } |
---|
4466 | tmp = 0; |
---|
4467 | tmp[1] = "t"; |
---|
4468 | tmp[2] = "Dt"; |
---|
4469 | list SName ; SName[1] = "s"; |
---|
4470 | // list NName = UName + tmp + Name + DName; |
---|
4471 | list NName = tmp + Name + DName + SName; |
---|
4472 | L[2] = NName; |
---|
4473 | tmp = 0; |
---|
4474 | // Name, Dname will be used further |
---|
4475 | // kill UName; |
---|
4476 | kill NName; |
---|
4477 | // block ord (a(1,1),dp); |
---|
4478 | tmp[1] = "a"; // string |
---|
4479 | iv = 1,1; |
---|
4480 | tmp[2] = iv; //intvec |
---|
4481 | Lord[1] = tmp; |
---|
4482 | // continue with dp 1,1,1,1... |
---|
4483 | tmp[1] = "dp"; // string |
---|
4484 | s = "iv="; |
---|
4485 | for(i=1;i<=Nnew;i++) |
---|
4486 | { |
---|
4487 | s = s+"1,"; |
---|
4488 | } |
---|
4489 | s[size(s)]= ";"; |
---|
4490 | execute(s); |
---|
4491 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
4492 | Lord[2] = tmp; |
---|
4493 | tmp[1] = "C"; |
---|
4494 | iv = 0; |
---|
4495 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
4496 | Lord[3] = tmp; |
---|
4497 | tmp = 0; |
---|
4498 | L[3] = Lord; |
---|
4499 | // we are done with the list |
---|
4500 | def @R@ = ring(L); |
---|
4501 | setring @R@; |
---|
4502 | matrix @D[Nnew][Nnew]; |
---|
4503 | @D[1,2]=1; |
---|
4504 | for(i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
4505 | { |
---|
4506 | @D[2+i,N+2+i]=1; |
---|
4507 | } |
---|
4508 | // ADD [s,t]=-t, [s,Dt]=Dt |
---|
4509 | @D[1,Nnew] = -var(1); |
---|
4510 | @D[2,Nnew] = var(2); |
---|
4511 | // @D[N+3,2*(N+2)]=1; old t,Dt stuff |
---|
4512 | // L[5] = matrix(UpOneMatrix(Nnew)); |
---|
4513 | // L[6] = @D; |
---|
4514 | def @R = nc_algebra(1,@D); |
---|
4515 | setring @R; |
---|
4516 | kill @R@; |
---|
4517 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-1- the ring @R(t,Dt,_x,_Dx,s) is ready"); |
---|
4518 | dbprint(ppl-1, @R); |
---|
4519 | // create the ideal I |
---|
4520 | poly F = imap(save,F); |
---|
4521 | // ideal I = u*F-t,u*v-1; |
---|
4522 | ideal I = F-t; |
---|
4523 | poly p; |
---|
4524 | for(i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
4525 | { |
---|
4526 | // p = u*Dt; // u*Dt |
---|
4527 | p = Dt; |
---|
4528 | p = diff(F,var(2+i))*p; |
---|
4529 | I = I, var(N+2+i) + p; |
---|
4530 | } |
---|
4531 | // I = I, var(1)*var(2) + var(Nnew) +1; // reduce it with t-f!!! |
---|
4532 | // t*Dt + s +1 reduced with t-f gives f*Dt + s |
---|
4533 | I = I, F*var(2) + var(Nnew); |
---|
4534 | // -------- the ideal I is ready ---------- |
---|
4535 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-2- starting the elimination of t,Dt in @R"); |
---|
4536 | dbprint(ppl-1, I); |
---|
4537 | ideal J = engine(I,eng); |
---|
4538 | ideal K = nselect(J,1..2); |
---|
4539 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-3- t,Dt are eliminated"); |
---|
4540 | dbprint(ppl-1, K); // K is without t, Dt |
---|
4541 | K = engine(K,eng); // std does the job too |
---|
4542 | // now, we must change the ordering |
---|
4543 | // and create a ring without t, Dt |
---|
4544 | setring save; |
---|
4545 | // ----------- the ring @R3 ------------ |
---|
4546 | // _x, _Dx,s; elim.ord for _x,_Dx. |
---|
4547 | // keep: N, i,j,s, tmp, RL |
---|
4548 | Nnew = 2*N+1; |
---|
4549 | kill Lord, tmp, iv, RName; |
---|
4550 | list Lord, tmp; |
---|
4551 | intvec iv; |
---|
4552 | L[1] = RL[1]; |
---|
4553 | L[4] = RL[4]; // char, minpoly |
---|
4554 | // check whether vars hava admissible names -> done earlier |
---|
4555 | // now, create the names for new var |
---|
4556 | tmp[1] = "s"; |
---|
4557 | // DName is defined earlier |
---|
4558 | list NName = Name + DName + tmp; |
---|
4559 | L[2] = NName; |
---|
4560 | tmp = 0; |
---|
4561 | // block ord (dp(N),dp); |
---|
4562 | // string s is already defined |
---|
4563 | s = "iv="; |
---|
4564 | for (i=1; i<=Nnew-1; i++) |
---|
4565 | { |
---|
4566 | s = s+"1,"; |
---|
4567 | } |
---|
4568 | s[size(s)]=";"; |
---|
4569 | execute(s); |
---|
4570 | tmp[1] = "dp"; // string |
---|
4571 | tmp[2] = iv; // intvec |
---|
4572 | Lord[1] = tmp; |
---|
4573 | // continue with dp 1,1,1,1... |
---|
4574 | tmp[1] = "dp"; // string |
---|
4575 | s[size(s)] = ","; |
---|
4576 | s = s+"1;"; |
---|
4577 | execute(s); |
---|
4578 | kill s; |
---|
4579 | kill NName; |
---|
4580 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
4581 | Lord[2] = tmp; |
---|
4582 | tmp[1] = "C"; iv = 0; tmp[2]=iv; |
---|
4583 | Lord[3] = tmp; tmp = 0; |
---|
4584 | L[3] = Lord; |
---|
4585 | // we are done with the list. Now add a Plural part |
---|
4586 | def @R2@ = ring(L); |
---|
4587 | setring @R2@; |
---|
4588 | matrix @D[Nnew][Nnew]; |
---|
4589 | for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
4590 | { |
---|
4591 | @D[i,N+i]=1; |
---|
4592 | } |
---|
4593 | def @R2 = nc_algebra(1,@D); |
---|
4594 | setring @R2; |
---|
4595 | kill @R2@; |
---|
4596 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-1- the ring @R2(_x,_Dx,s) is ready"); |
---|
4597 | dbprint(ppl-1, @R2); |
---|
4598 | ideal MM = maxideal(1); |
---|
4599 | MM = 0,s,MM; |
---|
4600 | map R01 = @R, MM; |
---|
4601 | ideal K = R01(K); |
---|
4602 | // total cleanup |
---|
4603 | ideal LD = K; |
---|
4604 | // make leadcoeffs positive |
---|
4605 | for (i=1; i<= ncols(LD); i++) |
---|
4606 | { |
---|
4607 | if (leadcoef(LD[i]) <0 ) |
---|
4608 | { |
---|
4609 | LD[i] = -LD[i]; |
---|
4610 | } |
---|
4611 | } |
---|
4612 | export LD; |
---|
4613 | kill @R; |
---|
4614 | return(@R2); |
---|
4615 | } |
---|
4616 | example |
---|
4617 | { |
---|
4618 | "EXAMPLE:"; echo = 2; |
---|
4619 | ring r = 0,(x,y,z),Dp; |
---|
4620 | poly F = x^3+y^3+z^3; |
---|
4621 | printlevel = 0; |
---|
4622 | def A = SannfsLOTold(F); |
---|
4623 | setring A; |
---|
4624 | LD; |
---|
4625 | } |
---|
4626 | |
---|
4627 | */ |
---|
4628 | |
---|
4629 | proc annfsLOT(poly F, list #) |
---|
4630 | "USAGE: annfsLOT(F [,eng]); F a poly, eng an optional int |
---|
4631 | RETURN: ring |
---|
4632 | PURPOSE: compute the D-module structure of basering[1/f]*f^s, according to |
---|
4633 | @* the Levandovskyy's modification of the algorithm by Oaku and Takayama |
---|
4634 | NOTE: activate the output ring with the @code{setring} command. In this ring, |
---|
4635 | @* - the ideal LD (which is a Groebner basis) is the needed D-module structure, |
---|
4636 | @* which is obtained by substituting the minimal integer root of a Bernstein |
---|
4637 | @* polynomial into the s-parametric ideal; |
---|
4638 | @* - the list BS contains the roots with multiplicities of BS polynomial of f. |
---|
4639 | @* If eng <>0, @code{std} is used for Groebner basis computations, |
---|
4640 | @* otherwise and by default @code{slimgb} is used. |
---|
4641 | @* If printlevel=1, progress debug messages will be printed, |
---|
4642 | @* if printlevel>=2, all the debug messages will be printed. |
---|
4643 | EXAMPLE: example annfsLOT; shows examples |
---|
4644 | " |
---|
4645 | { |
---|
4646 | int eng = 0; |
---|
4647 | if ( size(#)>0 ) |
---|
4648 | { |
---|
4649 | if ( typeof(#[1]) == "int" ) |
---|
4650 | { |
---|
4651 | eng = int(#[1]); |
---|
4652 | } |
---|
4653 | } |
---|
4654 | printlevel=printlevel+1; |
---|
4655 | def save = basering; |
---|
4656 | def @A = SannfsLOT(F,eng); |
---|
4657 | setring @A; |
---|
4658 | poly F = imap(save,F); |
---|
4659 | def B = annfs0(LD,F,eng); |
---|
4660 | return(B); |
---|
4661 | } |
---|
4662 | example |
---|
4663 | { |
---|
4664 | "EXAMPLE:"; echo = 2; |
---|
4665 | ring r = 0,(x,y,z),Dp; |
---|
4666 | poly F = z*x^2+y^3; |
---|
4667 | printlevel = 0; |
---|
4668 | def A = annfsLOT(F); |
---|
4669 | setring A; |
---|
4670 | LD; |
---|
4671 | BS; |
---|
4672 | } |
---|
4673 | |
---|
4674 | proc annfs0(ideal I, poly F, list #) |
---|
4675 | "USAGE: annfs0(I, F [,eng]); I an ideal, F a poly, eng an optional int |
---|
4676 | RETURN: ring |
---|
4677 | PURPOSE: compute the annihilator ideal of f^s in the Weyl Algebra, based |
---|
4678 | @* on the output of Sannfs-like procedure |
---|
4679 | NOTE: activate the output ring with the @code{setring} command. In this ring, |
---|
4680 | @* - the ideal LD (which is a Groebner basis) is the annihilator of f^s, |
---|
4681 | @* - the list BS contains the roots with multiplicities of BS polynomial of f. |
---|
4682 | @* If eng <>0, @code{std} is used for Groebner basis computations, |
---|
4683 | @* otherwise and by default @code{slimgb} is used. |
---|
4684 | @* If printlevel=1, progress debug messages will be printed, |
---|
4685 | @* if printlevel>=2, all the debug messages will be printed. |
---|
4686 | EXAMPLE: example annfs0; shows examples |
---|
4687 | " |
---|
4688 | { |
---|
4689 | int eng = 0; |
---|
4690 | if ( size(#)>0 ) |
---|
4691 | { |
---|
4692 | if ( typeof(#[1]) == "int" ) |
---|
4693 | { |
---|
4694 | eng = int(#[1]); |
---|
4695 | } |
---|
4696 | } |
---|
4697 | def @R2 = basering; |
---|
4698 | // we're in D_n[s], where the elim ord for s is set |
---|
4699 | ideal J = NF(I,std(F)); |
---|
4700 | // make leadcoeffs positive |
---|
4701 | int i; |
---|
4702 | for (i=1; i<= ncols(J); i++) |
---|
4703 | { |
---|
4704 | if (leadcoef(J[i]) <0 ) |
---|
4705 | { |
---|
4706 | J[i] = -J[i]; |
---|
4707 | } |
---|
4708 | } |
---|
4709 | J = J,F; |
---|
4710 | ideal M = engine(J,eng); |
---|
4711 | int Nnew = nvars(@R2); |
---|
4712 | ideal K2 = nselect(M,1..Nnew-1); |
---|
4713 | int ppl = printlevel-voice+2; |
---|
4714 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-1- _x,_Dx are eliminated in basering"); |
---|
4715 | dbprint(ppl-1, K2); |
---|
4716 | // the ring @R3 and the search for minimal negative int s |
---|
4717 | ring @R3 = 0,s,dp; |
---|
4718 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-1- the ring @R3 i.e. K[s] is ready"); |
---|
4719 | ideal K3 = imap(@R2,K2); |
---|
4720 | poly p = K3[1]; |
---|
4721 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-2- factorization"); |
---|
4722 | // ideal P = factorize(p,1); //without constants and multiplicities |
---|
4723 | // "--------- b-function factorizes into ---------"; P; |
---|
4724 | // convert factors to the list of their roots with mults |
---|
4725 | // assume all factors are linear |
---|
4726 | // ideal BS = normalize(P); |
---|
4727 | // BS = subst(BS,s,0); |
---|
4728 | // BS = -BS; |
---|
4729 | list P = factorize(p); //with constants and multiplicities |
---|
4730 | ideal bs; intvec m; //the Bernstein polynomial is monic, so we are not interested in constants |
---|
4731 | for (i=2; i<= size(P[1]); i++) //we delete P[1][1] and P[2][1] |
---|
4732 | { |
---|
4733 | bs[i-1] = P[1][i]; |
---|
4734 | m[i-1] = P[2][i]; |
---|
4735 | } |
---|
4736 | int sP = minIntRoot(bs,1); |
---|
4737 | bs = normalize(bs); |
---|
4738 | bs = -subst(bs,s,0); |
---|
4739 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-3- minimal integer root found"); |
---|
4740 | dbprint(ppl-1, sP); |
---|
4741 | //TODO: sort BS! |
---|
4742 | // --------- substitute s found in the ideal --------- |
---|
4743 | // --------- going back to @R and substitute --------- |
---|
4744 | setring @R2; |
---|
4745 | K2 = subst(I,s,sP); |
---|
4746 | // create the ordinary Weyl algebra and put the result into it, |
---|
4747 | // thus creating the ring @R5 |
---|
4748 | // keep: N, i,j,s, tmp, RL |
---|
4749 | Nnew = Nnew - 1; // former 2*N; |
---|
4750 | // list RL = ringlist(save); // is defined earlier |
---|
4751 | // kill Lord, tmp, iv; |
---|
4752 | list L = 0; |
---|
4753 | list Lord, tmp; |
---|
4754 | intvec iv; |
---|
4755 | list RL = ringlist(basering); |
---|
4756 | L[1] = RL[1]; |
---|
4757 | L[4] = RL[4]; //char, minpoly |
---|
4758 | // check whether vars have admissible names -> done earlier |
---|
4759 | // list Name = RL[2]M |
---|
4760 | // DName is defined earlier |
---|
4761 | list NName; // = RL[2]; // skip the last var 's' |
---|
4762 | for (i=1; i<=Nnew; i++) |
---|
4763 | { |
---|
4764 | NName[i] = RL[2][i]; |
---|
4765 | } |
---|
4766 | L[2] = NName; |
---|
4767 | // dp ordering; |
---|
4768 | string s = "iv="; |
---|
4769 | for (i=1; i<=Nnew; i++) |
---|
4770 | { |
---|
4771 | s = s+"1,"; |
---|
4772 | } |
---|
4773 | s[size(s)] = ";"; |
---|
4774 | execute(s); |
---|
4775 | tmp = 0; |
---|
4776 | tmp[1] = "dp"; // string |
---|
4777 | tmp[2] = iv; // intvec |
---|
4778 | Lord[1] = tmp; |
---|
4779 | kill s; |
---|
4780 | tmp[1] = "C"; |
---|
4781 | iv = 0; |
---|
4782 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
4783 | Lord[2] = tmp; |
---|
4784 | tmp = 0; |
---|
4785 | L[3] = Lord; |
---|
4786 | // we are done with the list |
---|
4787 | // Add: Plural part |
---|
4788 | def @R4@ = ring(L); |
---|
4789 | setring @R4@; |
---|
4790 | int N = Nnew/2; |
---|
4791 | matrix @D[Nnew][Nnew]; |
---|
4792 | for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
4793 | { |
---|
4794 | @D[i,N+i]=1; |
---|
4795 | } |
---|
4796 | def @R4 = nc_algebra(1,@D); |
---|
4797 | setring @R4; |
---|
4798 | kill @R4@; |
---|
4799 | dbprint(ppl,"// -3-1- the ring @R4 is ready"); |
---|
4800 | dbprint(ppl-1, @R4); |
---|
4801 | ideal K4 = imap(@R2,K2); |
---|
4802 | option(redSB); |
---|
4803 | dbprint(ppl,"// -3-2- the final cosmetic std"); |
---|
4804 | K4 = engine(K4,eng); // std does the job too |
---|
4805 | // total cleanup |
---|
4806 | ideal bs = imap(@R3,bs); |
---|
4807 | kill @R3; |
---|
4808 | list BS = bs,m; |
---|
4809 | export BS; |
---|
4810 | ideal LD = K4; |
---|
4811 | export LD; |
---|
4812 | return(@R4); |
---|
4813 | } |
---|
4814 | example |
---|
4815 | { "EXAMPLE:"; echo = 2; |
---|
4816 | ring r = 0,(x,y,z),Dp; |
---|
4817 | poly F = x^3+y^3+z^3; |
---|
4818 | printlevel = 0; |
---|
4819 | def A = SannfsBM(F); setring A; |
---|
4820 | // alternatively, one can use SannfsOT or SannfsLOT |
---|
4821 | LD; |
---|
4822 | poly F = imap(r,F); |
---|
4823 | def B = annfs0(LD,F); setring B; |
---|
4824 | LD; |
---|
4825 | BS; |
---|
4826 | } |
---|
4827 | |
---|
4828 | // proc annfsgms(poly F, list #) |
---|
4829 | // "USAGE: annfsgms(f [,eng]); f a poly, eng an optional int |
---|
4830 | // ASSUME: f has an isolated critical point at 0 |
---|
4831 | // RETURN: ring |
---|
4832 | // PURPOSE: compute the D-module structure of basering[1/f]*f^s |
---|
4833 | // NOTE: activate the output ring with the @code{setring} command. In this ring, |
---|
4834 | // @* - the ideal LD is the needed D-mod structure, |
---|
4835 | // @* - the ideal BS is the list of roots of a Bernstein polynomial of f. |
---|
4836 | // @* If eng <>0, @code{std} is used for Groebner basis computations, |
---|
4837 | // @* otherwise (and by default) @code{slimgb} is used. |
---|
4838 | // @* If printlevel=1, progress debug messages will be printed, |
---|
4839 | // @* if printlevel>=2, all the debug messages will be printed. |
---|
4840 | // EXAMPLE: example annfsgms; shows examples |
---|
4841 | // " |
---|
4842 | // { |
---|
4843 | // LIB "gmssing.lib"; |
---|
4844 | // int eng = 0; |
---|
4845 | // if ( size(#)>0 ) |
---|
4846 | // { |
---|
4847 | // if ( typeof(#[1]) == "int" ) |
---|
4848 | // { |
---|
4849 | // eng = int(#[1]); |
---|
4850 | // } |
---|
4851 | // } |
---|
4852 | // int ppl = printlevel-voice+2; |
---|
4853 | // // returns a ring with the ideal LD in it |
---|
4854 | // def save = basering; |
---|
4855 | // // compute the Bernstein polynomial from gmssing.lib |
---|
4856 | // list RL = ringlist(basering); |
---|
4857 | // // in the descr. of the ordering, replace "p" by "s" |
---|
4858 | // list NL = convloc(RL); |
---|
4859 | // // create a ring with the ordering, converted to local |
---|
4860 | // def @LR = ring(NL); |
---|
4861 | // setring @LR; |
---|
4862 | // poly F = imap(save, F); |
---|
4863 | // ideal B = bernstein(F)[1]; |
---|
4864 | // // since B may not contain (s+1) [following gmssing.lib] |
---|
4865 | // // add it! |
---|
4866 | // B = B,-1; |
---|
4867 | // B = simplify(B,2+4); // erase zero and repeated entries |
---|
4868 | // // find the minimal integer value |
---|
4869 | // int S = minIntRoot(B,0); |
---|
4870 | // dbprint(ppl,"// -0- minimal integer root found"); |
---|
4871 | // dbprint(ppl-1,S); |
---|
4872 | // setring save; |
---|
4873 | // int N = nvars(basering); |
---|
4874 | // int Nnew = 2*(N+2); |
---|
4875 | // int i,j; |
---|
4876 | // string s; |
---|
4877 | // // list RL = ringlist(basering); |
---|
4878 | // list L, Lord; |
---|
4879 | // list tmp; |
---|
4880 | // intvec iv; |
---|
4881 | // L[1] = RL[1]; // char |
---|
4882 | // L[4] = RL[4]; // char, minpoly |
---|
4883 | // // check whether vars have admissible names |
---|
4884 | // list Name = RL[2]; |
---|
4885 | // list RName; |
---|
4886 | // RName[1] = "u"; |
---|
4887 | // RName[2] = "v"; |
---|
4888 | // RName[3] = "t"; |
---|
4889 | // RName[4] = "Dt"; |
---|
4890 | // for(i=1;i<=N;i++) |
---|
4891 | // { |
---|
4892 | // for(j=1; j<=size(RName);j++) |
---|
4893 | // { |
---|
4894 | // if (Name[i] == RName[j]) |
---|
4895 | // { |
---|
4896 | // ERROR("Variable names should not include u,v,t,Dt"); |
---|
4897 | // } |
---|
4898 | // } |
---|
4899 | // } |
---|
4900 | // // now, create the names for new vars |
---|
4901 | // // tmp[1] = "u"; tmp[2] = "v"; tmp[3] = "t"; tmp[4] = "Dt"; |
---|
4902 | // list UName = RName; |
---|
4903 | // list DName; |
---|
4904 | // for(i=1;i<=N;i++) |
---|
4905 | // { |
---|
4906 | // DName[i] = "D"+Name[i]; // concat |
---|
4907 | // } |
---|
4908 | // list NName = UName + Name + DName; |
---|
4909 | // L[2] = NName; |
---|
4910 | // tmp = 0; |
---|
4911 | // // Name, Dname will be used further |
---|
4912 | // kill UName; |
---|
4913 | // kill NName; |
---|
4914 | // // block ord (a(1,1),dp); |
---|
4915 | // tmp[1] = "a"; // string |
---|
4916 | // iv = 1,1; |
---|
4917 | // tmp[2] = iv; //intvec |
---|
4918 | // Lord[1] = tmp; |
---|
4919 | // // continue with dp 1,1,1,1... |
---|
4920 | // tmp[1] = "dp"; // string |
---|
4921 | // s = "iv="; |
---|
4922 | // for(i=1; i<=Nnew; i++) // need really all vars! |
---|
4923 | // { |
---|
4924 | // s = s+"1,"; |
---|
4925 | // } |
---|
4926 | // s[size(s)]= ";"; |
---|
4927 | // execute(s); |
---|
4928 | // tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
4929 | // Lord[2] = tmp; |
---|
4930 | // tmp[1] = "C"; |
---|
4931 | // iv = 0; |
---|
4932 | // tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
4933 | // Lord[3] = tmp; |
---|
4934 | // tmp = 0; |
---|
4935 | // L[3] = Lord; |
---|
4936 | // // we are done with the list |
---|
4937 | // def @R = ring(L); |
---|
4938 | // setring @R; |
---|
4939 | // matrix @D[Nnew][Nnew]; |
---|
4940 | // @D[3,4] = 1; // t,Dt |
---|
4941 | // for(i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
4942 | // { |
---|
4943 | // @D[4+i,4+N+i]=1; |
---|
4944 | // } |
---|
4945 | // // L[5] = matrix(UpOneMatrix(Nnew)); |
---|
4946 | // // L[6] = @D; |
---|
4947 | // nc_algebra(1,@D); |
---|
4948 | // dbprint(ppl,"// -1-1- the ring @R is ready"); |
---|
4949 | // dbprint(ppl-1,@R); |
---|
4950 | // // create the ideal |
---|
4951 | // poly F = imap(save,F); |
---|
4952 | // ideal I = u*F-t,u*v-1; |
---|
4953 | // poly p; |
---|
4954 | // for(i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
4955 | // { |
---|
4956 | // p = u*Dt; // u*Dt |
---|
4957 | // p = diff(F,var(4+i))*p; |
---|
4958 | // I = I, var(N+4+i) + p; // Dx, Dy |
---|
4959 | // } |
---|
4960 | // // add the relations between t,Dt and s |
---|
4961 | // // I = I, t*Dt+1+S; |
---|
4962 | // // -------- the ideal I is ready ---------- |
---|
4963 | // dbprint(ppl,"// -1-2- starting the elimination of u,v in @R"); |
---|
4964 | // ideal J = engine(I,eng); |
---|
4965 | // ideal K = nselect(J,1..2); |
---|
4966 | // dbprint(ppl,"// -1-3- u,v are eliminated in @R"); |
---|
4967 | // dbprint(ppl-1,K); // without u,v: not yet our answer |
---|
4968 | // //----- create a ring with elim.ord for t,Dt ------- |
---|
4969 | // setring save; |
---|
4970 | // // ------------ new ring @R2 ------------------ |
---|
4971 | // // without u,v and with the elim.ord for t,Dt |
---|
4972 | // // keep: N, i,j,s, tmp, RL |
---|
4973 | // Nnew = 2*N+2; |
---|
4974 | // // list RL = ringlist(save); // is defined earlier |
---|
4975 | // kill Lord,tmp,iv, RName; |
---|
4976 | // L = 0; |
---|
4977 | // list Lord, tmp; |
---|
4978 | // intvec iv; |
---|
4979 | // L[1] = RL[1]; // char |
---|
4980 | // L[4] = RL[4]; // char, minpoly |
---|
4981 | // // check whether vars have admissible names -> done earlier |
---|
4982 | // // list Name = RL[2]; |
---|
4983 | // list RName; |
---|
4984 | // RName[1] = "t"; |
---|
4985 | // RName[2] = "Dt"; |
---|
4986 | // // DName is defined earlier |
---|
4987 | // list NName = RName + Name + DName; |
---|
4988 | // L[2] = NName; |
---|
4989 | // tmp = 0; |
---|
4990 | // // block ord (a(1,1),dp); |
---|
4991 | // tmp[1] = "a"; // string |
---|
4992 | // iv = 1,1; |
---|
4993 | // tmp[2] = iv; //intvec |
---|
4994 | // Lord[1] = tmp; |
---|
4995 | // // continue with dp 1,1,1,1... |
---|
4996 | // tmp[1] = "dp"; // string |
---|
4997 | // s = "iv="; |
---|
4998 | // for(i=1;i<=Nnew;i++) |
---|
4999 | // { |
---|
5000 | // s = s+"1,"; |
---|
5001 | // } |
---|
5002 | // s[size(s)]= ";"; |
---|
5003 | // execute(s); |
---|
5004 | // kill s; |
---|
5005 | // kill NName; |
---|
5006 | // tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
5007 | // Lord[2] = tmp; |
---|
5008 | // tmp[1] = "C"; |
---|
5009 | // iv = 0; |
---|
5010 | // tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
5011 | // Lord[3] = tmp; |
---|
5012 | // tmp = 0; |
---|
5013 | // L[3] = Lord; |
---|
5014 | // // we are done with the list |
---|
5015 | // // Add: Plural part |
---|
5016 | // def @R2 = ring(L); |
---|
5017 | // setring @R2; |
---|
5018 | // matrix @D[Nnew][Nnew]; |
---|
5019 | // @D[1,2]=1; |
---|
5020 | // for(i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
5021 | // { |
---|
5022 | // @D[2+i,2+N+i]=1; |
---|
5023 | // } |
---|
5024 | // nc_algebra(1,@D); |
---|
5025 | // dbprint(ppl,"// -2-1- the ring @R2 is ready"); |
---|
5026 | // dbprint(ppl-1,@R2); |
---|
5027 | // ideal MM = maxideal(1); |
---|
5028 | // MM = 0,0,MM; |
---|
5029 | // map R01 = @R, MM; |
---|
5030 | // ideal K2 = R01(K); |
---|
5031 | // // add the relations between t,Dt and s |
---|
5032 | // // K2 = K2, t*Dt+1+S; |
---|
5033 | // poly G = t*Dt+S+1; |
---|
5034 | // K2 = NF(K2,std(G)),G; |
---|
5035 | // dbprint(ppl,"// -2-2- starting elimination for t,Dt in @R2"); |
---|
5036 | // ideal J = engine(K2,eng); |
---|
5037 | // ideal K = nselect(J,1..2); |
---|
5038 | // dbprint(ppl,"// -2-3- t,Dt are eliminated"); |
---|
5039 | // dbprint(ppl-1,K); |
---|
5040 | // // "------- produce a final result --------"; |
---|
5041 | // // ----- create the ordinary Weyl algebra and put |
---|
5042 | // // ----- the result into it |
---|
5043 | // // ------ create the ring @R5 |
---|
5044 | // // keep: N, i,j,s, tmp, RL |
---|
5045 | // setring save; |
---|
5046 | // Nnew = 2*N; |
---|
5047 | // // list RL = ringlist(save); // is defined earlier |
---|
5048 | // kill Lord, tmp, iv; |
---|
5049 | // // kill L; |
---|
5050 | // L = 0; |
---|
5051 | // list Lord, tmp; |
---|
5052 | // intvec iv; |
---|
5053 | // L[1] = RL[1]; // char |
---|
5054 | // L[4] = RL[4]; // char, minpoly |
---|
5055 | // // check whether vars have admissible names -> done earlier |
---|
5056 | // // list Name = RL[2]; |
---|
5057 | // // DName is defined earlier |
---|
5058 | // list NName = Name + DName; |
---|
5059 | // L[2] = NName; |
---|
5060 | // // dp ordering; |
---|
5061 | // string s = "iv="; |
---|
5062 | // for(i=1;i<=2*N;i++) |
---|
5063 | // { |
---|
5064 | // s = s+"1,"; |
---|
5065 | // } |
---|
5066 | // s[size(s)]= ";"; |
---|
5067 | // execute(s); |
---|
5068 | // tmp = 0; |
---|
5069 | // tmp[1] = "dp"; // string |
---|
5070 | // tmp[2] = iv; //intvec |
---|
5071 | // Lord[1] = tmp; |
---|
5072 | // kill s; |
---|
5073 | // tmp[1] = "C"; |
---|
5074 | // iv = 0; |
---|
5075 | // tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
5076 | // Lord[2] = tmp; |
---|
5077 | // tmp = 0; |
---|
5078 | // L[3] = Lord; |
---|
5079 | // // we are done with the list |
---|
5080 | // // Add: Plural part |
---|
5081 | // def @R5 = ring(L); |
---|
5082 | // setring @R5; |
---|
5083 | // matrix @D[Nnew][Nnew]; |
---|
5084 | // for(i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
5085 | // { |
---|
5086 | // @D[i,N+i]=1; |
---|
5087 | // } |
---|
5088 | // nc_algebra(1,@D); |
---|
5089 | // dbprint(ppl,"// -3-1- the ring @R5 is ready"); |
---|
5090 | // dbprint(ppl-1,@R5); |
---|
5091 | // ideal K5 = imap(@R2,K); |
---|
5092 | // option(redSB); |
---|
5093 | // dbprint(ppl,"// -3-2- the final cosmetic std"); |
---|
5094 | // K5 = engine(K5,eng); // std does the job too |
---|
5095 | // // total cleanup |
---|
5096 | // kill @R; |
---|
5097 | // kill @R2; |
---|
5098 | // ideal LD = K5; |
---|
5099 | // ideal BS = imap(@LR,B); |
---|
5100 | // kill @LR; |
---|
5101 | // export BS; |
---|
5102 | // export LD; |
---|
5103 | // return(@R5); |
---|
5104 | // } |
---|
5105 | // example |
---|
5106 | // { |
---|
5107 | // "EXAMPLE:"; echo = 2; |
---|
5108 | // ring r = 0,(x,y,z),Dp; |
---|
5109 | // poly F = x^2+y^3+z^5; |
---|
5110 | // def A = annfsgms(F); |
---|
5111 | // setring A; |
---|
5112 | // LD; |
---|
5113 | // print(matrix(BS)); |
---|
5114 | // } |
---|
5115 | |
---|
5116 | |
---|
5117 | proc convloc(list @NL) |
---|
5118 | "USAGE: convloc(L); L a list |
---|
5119 | RETURN: list |
---|
5120 | PURPOSE: convert a ringlist L into another ringlist, |
---|
5121 | @* where all the 'p' orderings are replaced with the 's' orderings, e.g. @code{dp} by @code{ds}. |
---|
5122 | ASSUME: L is a result of a ringlist command |
---|
5123 | EXAMPLE: example convloc; shows examples |
---|
5124 | " |
---|
5125 | { |
---|
5126 | list NL = @NL; |
---|
5127 | // given a ringlist, returns a new ringlist, |
---|
5128 | // where all the p-orderings are replaced with s-ord's |
---|
5129 | int i,j,k,found; |
---|
5130 | int nblocks = size(NL[3]); |
---|
5131 | for(i=1; i<=nblocks; i++) |
---|
5132 | { |
---|
5133 | for(j=1; j<=size(NL[3][i]); j++) |
---|
5134 | { |
---|
5135 | if (typeof(NL[3][i][j]) == "string" ) |
---|
5136 | { |
---|
5137 | found = 0; |
---|
5138 | for (k=1; k<=size(NL[3][i][j]); k++) |
---|
5139 | { |
---|
5140 | if (NL[3][i][j][k]=="p") |
---|
5141 | { |
---|
5142 | NL[3][i][j][k]="s"; |
---|
5143 | found = 1; |
---|
5144 | // printf("replaced at %s,%s,%s",i,j,k); |
---|
5145 | } |
---|
5146 | } |
---|
5147 | } |
---|
5148 | } |
---|
5149 | } |
---|
5150 | return(NL); |
---|
5151 | } |
---|
5152 | example |
---|
5153 | { |
---|
5154 | "EXAMPLE:"; echo = 2; |
---|
5155 | ring r = 0,(x,y,z),(Dp(2),dp(1)); |
---|
5156 | list L = ringlist(r); |
---|
5157 | list N = convloc(L); |
---|
5158 | def rs = ring(N); |
---|
5159 | setring rs; |
---|
5160 | rs; |
---|
5161 | } |
---|
5162 | |
---|
5163 | proc annfspecial(ideal I, poly F, int mir, number n) |
---|
5164 | "USAGE: annfspecial(I,F,mir,n); I an ideal, F a poly, int mir, number n |
---|
5165 | RETURN: ideal |
---|
5166 | PURPOSE: compute the annihilator ideal of F^n in the Weyl Algebra |
---|
5167 | @* for the given rational number n |
---|
5168 | ASSUME: The basering is D[s] and contains 's' explicitly as a variable, |
---|
5169 | @* the ideal I is the Ann F^s in D[s] (obtained with e.g. SannfsBM), |
---|
5170 | @* the integer 'mir' is the minimal integer root of the BS polynomial of F, |
---|
5171 | @* and the number n is rational. |
---|
5172 | NOTE: We compute the real annihilator for any rational value of n (both |
---|
5173 | @* generic and exceptional). The implementation goes along the lines of |
---|
5174 | @* the Algorithm 5.3.15 from Saito-Sturmfels-Takayama. |
---|
5175 | DISPLAY: If printlevel=1, progress debug messages will be printed, |
---|
5176 | @* if printlevel>=2, all the debug messages will be printed. |
---|
5177 | EXAMPLE: example annfspecial; shows examples |
---|
5178 | " |
---|
5179 | { |
---|
5180 | |
---|
5181 | if (!isRational(n)) |
---|
5182 | { |
---|
5183 | "ERROR: n must be a rational number!"; |
---|
5184 | } |
---|
5185 | int ppl = printlevel-voice+2; |
---|
5186 | // int mir = minIntRoot(L[1],0); |
---|
5187 | int ns = varNum("s"); |
---|
5188 | if (!ns) |
---|
5189 | { |
---|
5190 | ERROR("Variable s expected in the ideal AnnFs"); |
---|
5191 | } |
---|
5192 | int d; |
---|
5193 | ideal P = subst(I,var(ns),n); |
---|
5194 | if (denominator(n) == 1) |
---|
5195 | { |
---|
5196 | // n is fraction-free |
---|
5197 | d = int(numerator(n)); |
---|
5198 | if ( (!d) && (n!=0)) |
---|
5199 | { |
---|
5200 | ERROR("no parametric special values are allowed"); |
---|
5201 | } |
---|
5202 | d = d - mir; |
---|
5203 | if (d>0) |
---|
5204 | { |
---|
5205 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-1- starting syzygy computations"); |
---|
5206 | matrix J[1][1] = F^d; |
---|
5207 | dbprint(ppl-1,"// -1-1-1- of the polynomial ideal"); |
---|
5208 | dbprint(ppl-1,J); |
---|
5209 | matrix K[1][size(I)] = subst(I,var(ns),mir); |
---|
5210 | dbprint(ppl-1,"// -1-1-2- modulo ideal:"); |
---|
5211 | dbprint(ppl-1, K); |
---|
5212 | module M = modulo(J,K); |
---|
5213 | dbprint(ppl-1,"// -1-1-3- getting the result:"); |
---|
5214 | dbprint(ppl-1, M); |
---|
5215 | P = P, ideal(M); |
---|
5216 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-2- finished syzygy computations"); |
---|
5217 | } |
---|
5218 | else |
---|
5219 | { |
---|
5220 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-1- d<=0, no syzygy computations needed"); |
---|
5221 | dbprint(ppl-1,"// -1-2- for d ="); |
---|
5222 | dbprint(ppl-1, d); |
---|
5223 | } |
---|
5224 | } |
---|
5225 | // also the else case: d<=0 or n is not an integer |
---|
5226 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-1- starting final Groebner basis"); |
---|
5227 | P = groebner(P); |
---|
5228 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-2- finished final Groebner basis"); |
---|
5229 | return(P); |
---|
5230 | } |
---|
5231 | example |
---|
5232 | { |
---|
5233 | "EXAMPLE:"; echo = 2; |
---|
5234 | ring r = 0,(x,y),dp; |
---|
5235 | poly F = x3-y2; |
---|
5236 | def B = annfs(F); setring B; |
---|
5237 | minIntRoot(BS[1],0); |
---|
5238 | // So, the minimal integer root is -1 |
---|
5239 | setring r; |
---|
5240 | def A = SannfsBM(F); |
---|
5241 | setring A; |
---|
5242 | poly F = x3-y2; |
---|
5243 | annfspecial(LD,F,-1,3/4); // generic root |
---|
5244 | annfspecial(LD,F,-1,-2); // integer but still generic root |
---|
5245 | annfspecial(LD,F,-1,1); // exceptional root |
---|
5246 | } |
---|
5247 | |
---|
5248 | /* |
---|
5249 | //static proc new_ex_annfspecial() |
---|
5250 | { |
---|
5251 | //another example for annfspecial: x3+y3+z3 |
---|
5252 | ring r = 0,(x,y,z),dp; |
---|
5253 | poly F = x3+y3+z3; |
---|
5254 | def B = annfs(F); setring B; |
---|
5255 | minIntRoot(BS[1],0); |
---|
5256 | // So, the minimal integer root is -1 |
---|
5257 | setring r; |
---|
5258 | def A = SannfsBM(F); |
---|
5259 | setring A; |
---|
5260 | poly F = x3+y3+z3; |
---|
5261 | annfspecial(LD,F,-1,3/4); // generic root |
---|
5262 | annfspecial(LD,F,-1,-2); // integer but still generic root |
---|
5263 | annfspecial(LD,F,-1,1); // exceptional root |
---|
5264 | } |
---|
5265 | */ |
---|
5266 | |
---|
5267 | proc minIntRoot(ideal P, int fact) |
---|
5268 | "USAGE: minIntRoot(P, fact); P an ideal, fact an int |
---|
5269 | RETURN: int |
---|
5270 | PURPOSE: minimal integer root of a maximal ideal P |
---|
5271 | NOTE: if fact==1, P is the result of some 'factorize' call, |
---|
5272 | @* else P is treated as the result of bernstein::gmssing.lib |
---|
5273 | @* in both cases without constants and multiplicities |
---|
5274 | EXAMPLE: example minIntRoot; shows examples |
---|
5275 | " |
---|
5276 | { |
---|
5277 | // ideal P = factorize(p,1); |
---|
5278 | // or ideal P = bernstein(F)[1]; |
---|
5279 | intvec vP; |
---|
5280 | number nP; |
---|
5281 | int i; |
---|
5282 | if ( fact ) |
---|
5283 | { |
---|
5284 | // the result comes from "factorize" |
---|
5285 | P = normalize(P); // now leadcoef = 1 |
---|
5286 | // TODO: hunt for units and kill then !!! |
---|
5287 | P = matrix(lead(P))-P; |
---|
5288 | // nP = leadcoef(P[i]-lead(P[i])); // for 1 var only, extract the coeff |
---|
5289 | } |
---|
5290 | else |
---|
5291 | { |
---|
5292 | // bernstein deletes -1 usually |
---|
5293 | P = P, -1; |
---|
5294 | } |
---|
5295 | // for both situations: |
---|
5296 | // now we have an ideal of fractions of type "number" |
---|
5297 | int sP = size(P); |
---|
5298 | for(i=1; i<=sP; i++) |
---|
5299 | { |
---|
5300 | nP = leadcoef(P[i]); |
---|
5301 | if ( (nP - int(nP)) == 0 ) |
---|
5302 | { |
---|
5303 | vP = vP,int(nP); |
---|
5304 | } |
---|
5305 | } |
---|
5306 | if ( size(vP)>=2 ) |
---|
5307 | { |
---|
5308 | vP = vP[2..size(vP)]; |
---|
5309 | } |
---|
5310 | sP = -Max(-vP); |
---|
5311 | if (sP == 0) |
---|
5312 | { |
---|
5313 | "Warning: zero root present!"; |
---|
5314 | } |
---|
5315 | return(sP); |
---|
5316 | } |
---|
5317 | example |
---|
5318 | { |
---|
5319 | "EXAMPLE:"; echo = 2; |
---|
5320 | ring r = 0,(x,y),ds; |
---|
5321 | poly f1 = x*y*(x+y); |
---|
5322 | ideal I1 = bernstein(f1)[1]; // a local Bernstein poly |
---|
5323 | I1; |
---|
5324 | minIntRoot(I1,0); |
---|
5325 | poly f2 = x2-y3; |
---|
5326 | ideal I2 = bernstein(f2)[1]; |
---|
5327 | I2; |
---|
5328 | minIntRoot(I2,0); |
---|
5329 | // now we illustrate the behaviour of factorize |
---|
5330 | // together with a global ordering |
---|
5331 | ring r2 = 0,x,dp; |
---|
5332 | poly f3 = 9*(x+2/3)*(x+1)*(x+4/3); //global b-polynomial of f1=x*y*(x+y) |
---|
5333 | ideal I3 = factorize(f3,1); |
---|
5334 | I3; |
---|
5335 | minIntRoot(I3,1); |
---|
5336 | // and a more interesting situation |
---|
5337 | ring s = 0,(x,y,z),ds; |
---|
5338 | poly f = x3 + y3 + z3; |
---|
5339 | ideal I = bernstein(f)[1]; |
---|
5340 | I; |
---|
5341 | minIntRoot(I,0); |
---|
5342 | } |
---|
5343 | |
---|
5344 | proc isHolonomic(def M) |
---|
5345 | "USAGE: isHolonomic(M); M an ideal/module/matrix |
---|
5346 | RETURN: int, 1 if M is holonomic over the base ring, and 0 otherwise |
---|
5347 | ASSUME: basering is a Weyl algebra in characteristic 0 |
---|
5348 | PURPOSE: check whether M is holonomic over the base ring |
---|
5349 | NOTE: M is holonomic if 2*dim(M) = dim(R), where R is the |
---|
5350 | base ring; dim stays for Gelfand-Kirillov dimension |
---|
5351 | EXAMPLE: example isHolonomic; shows examples |
---|
5352 | " |
---|
5353 | { |
---|
5354 | if (dmodappassumeViolation()) |
---|
5355 | { |
---|
5356 | ERROR("Basering is inappropriate: characteristic>0 or qring present"); |
---|
5357 | } |
---|
5358 | if (!isWeyl(basering)) |
---|
5359 | { |
---|
5360 | ERROR("Basering is not a Weyl algebra"); |
---|
5361 | } |
---|
5362 | |
---|
5363 | if ( (typeof(M) != "ideal") && (typeof(M) != "module") && (typeof(M) != "matrix") ) |
---|
5364 | { |
---|
5365 | // print(typeof(M)); |
---|
5366 | ERROR("an argument of type ideal/module/matrix expected"); |
---|
5367 | } |
---|
5368 | if (attrib(M,"isSB")!=1) |
---|
5369 | { |
---|
5370 | M = std(M); |
---|
5371 | } |
---|
5372 | int dimR = gkdim(std(0)); |
---|
5373 | int dimM = gkdim(M); |
---|
5374 | return( (dimR==2*dimM) ); |
---|
5375 | } |
---|
5376 | example |
---|
5377 | { |
---|
5378 | "EXAMPLE:"; echo = 2; |
---|
5379 | ring R = 0,(x,y),dp; |
---|
5380 | poly F = x*y*(x+y); |
---|
5381 | def A = annfsBM(F,0); |
---|
5382 | setring A; |
---|
5383 | LD; |
---|
5384 | isHolonomic(LD); |
---|
5385 | ideal I = std(LD[1]); |
---|
5386 | I; |
---|
5387 | isHolonomic(I); |
---|
5388 | } |
---|
5389 | |
---|
5390 | proc reiffen(int p, int q) |
---|
5391 | "USAGE: reiffen(p, q); int p, int q |
---|
5392 | RETURN: ring |
---|
5393 | PURPOSE: set up the polynomial, describing a Reiffen curve |
---|
5394 | NOTE: activate the output ring with the @code{setring} command and |
---|
5395 | @* find the curve as a polynomial RC. |
---|
5396 | @* A Reiffen curve is defined as RC = x^p + y^q + xy^{q-1}, q >= p+1 >= 5 |
---|
5397 | |
---|
5398 | EXAMPLE: example reiffen; shows examples |
---|
5399 | " |
---|
5400 | { |
---|
5401 | // we allow also other numbers, p \geq 1, q\geq 1 |
---|
5402 | // a Reiffen curve is defined as |
---|
5403 | // F = x^p + y^q +x*y^{q-1}, q \geq p+1 \geq 5 |
---|
5404 | |
---|
5405 | // ASSUME: q >= p+1 >= 5. Otherwise an error message is returned |
---|
5406 | |
---|
5407 | // if ( (p<4) || (q<5) || (q-p<1) ) |
---|
5408 | // { |
---|
5409 | // ERROR("Some of conditions p>=4, q>=5 or q>=p+1 is not satisfied!"); |
---|
5410 | // } |
---|
5411 | if ( (p<1) || (q<1) ) |
---|
5412 | { |
---|
5413 | ERROR("Some of conditions p>=1, q>=1 is not satisfied!"); |
---|
5414 | } |
---|
5415 | ring @r = 0,(x,y),dp; |
---|
5416 | poly RC = y^q +x^p + x*y^(q-1); |
---|
5417 | export RC; |
---|
5418 | return(@r); |
---|
5419 | } |
---|
5420 | example |
---|
5421 | { |
---|
5422 | "EXAMPLE:"; echo = 2; |
---|
5423 | def r = reiffen(4,5); |
---|
5424 | setring r; |
---|
5425 | RC; |
---|
5426 | } |
---|
5427 | |
---|
5428 | proc arrange(int p) |
---|
5429 | "USAGE: arrange(p); int p |
---|
5430 | RETURN: ring |
---|
5431 | PURPOSE: set up the polynomial, describing a hyperplane arrangement |
---|
5432 | NOTE: must be executed in a commutative ring |
---|
5433 | ASSUME: basering is present and it is commutative |
---|
5434 | EXAMPLE: example arrange; shows examples |
---|
5435 | " |
---|
5436 | { |
---|
5437 | int UseBasering = 0 ; |
---|
5438 | if (p<2) |
---|
5439 | { |
---|
5440 | ERROR("p>=2 is required!"); |
---|
5441 | } |
---|
5442 | if ( nameof(basering)!="basering" ) |
---|
5443 | { |
---|
5444 | if (p > nvars(basering)) |
---|
5445 | { |
---|
5446 | ERROR("too big p"); |
---|
5447 | } |
---|
5448 | else |
---|
5449 | { |
---|
5450 | def @r = basering; |
---|
5451 | UseBasering = 1; |
---|
5452 | } |
---|
5453 | } |
---|
5454 | else |
---|
5455 | { |
---|
5456 | // no basering found |
---|
5457 | ERROR("no basering found!"); |
---|
5458 | // ring @r = 0,(x(1..p)),dp; |
---|
5459 | } |
---|
5460 | int i,j,sI; |
---|
5461 | poly q = 1; |
---|
5462 | list ar; |
---|
5463 | ideal tmp; |
---|
5464 | tmp = ideal(var(1)); |
---|
5465 | ar[1] = tmp; |
---|
5466 | for (i = 2; i<=p; i++) |
---|
5467 | { |
---|
5468 | // add i-nary sums to the product |
---|
5469 | ar = indAR(ar,i); |
---|
5470 | } |
---|
5471 | for (i = 1; i<=p; i++) |
---|
5472 | { |
---|
5473 | tmp = ar[i]; sI = size(tmp); |
---|
5474 | for (j = 1; j<=sI; j++) |
---|
5475 | { |
---|
5476 | q = q*tmp[j]; |
---|
5477 | } |
---|
5478 | } |
---|
5479 | if (UseBasering) |
---|
5480 | { |
---|
5481 | return(q); |
---|
5482 | } |
---|
5483 | // poly AR = q; export AR; |
---|
5484 | // return(@r); |
---|
5485 | } |
---|
5486 | example |
---|
5487 | { |
---|
5488 | "EXAMPLE:"; echo = 2; |
---|
5489 | ring X = 0,(x,y,z,t),dp; |
---|
5490 | poly q = arrange(3); |
---|
5491 | factorize(q,1); |
---|
5492 | } |
---|
5493 | |
---|
5494 | proc checkRoot(poly F, number a, list #) |
---|
5495 | "USAGE: checkRoot(f,alpha [,S,eng]); poly f, number alpha, string S, int eng |
---|
5496 | RETURN: int |
---|
5497 | ASSUME: Basering is a commutative ring, alpha is a positive rational number. |
---|
5498 | PURPOSE: check whether a negative rational number -alpha is a root of the global |
---|
5499 | @* Bernstein-Sato polynomial of f and compute its multiplicity, |
---|
5500 | @* with the algorithm given by S and with the Groebner basis engine given by eng. |
---|
5501 | NOTE: The annihilator of f^s in D[s] is needed and hence it is computed with the |
---|
5502 | @* algorithm by Briancon and Maisonobe. The value of a string S can be |
---|
5503 | @* 'alg1' (default) - for the algorithm 1 of [LM08] |
---|
5504 | @* 'alg2' - for the algorithm 2 of [LM08] |
---|
5505 | @* Depending on the value of S, the output of type int is: |
---|
5506 | @* 'alg1': 1 only if -alpha is a root of the global Bernstein-Sato polynomial |
---|
5507 | @* 'alg2': the multiplicity of -alpha as a root of the global Bernstein-Sato |
---|
5508 | @* polynomial of f. If -alpha is not a root, the output is 0. |
---|
5509 | @* If eng <>0, @code{std} is used for Groebner basis computations, |
---|
5510 | @* otherwise (and by default) @code{slimgb} is used. |
---|
5511 | DISPLAY: If printlevel=1, progress debug messages will be printed, |
---|
5512 | @* if printlevel>=2, all the debug messages will be printed. |
---|
5513 | EXAMPLE: example checkRoot; shows examples |
---|
5514 | " |
---|
5515 | { |
---|
5516 | int eng = 0; |
---|
5517 | int chs = 0; // choice |
---|
5518 | string algo = "alg1"; |
---|
5519 | string st; |
---|
5520 | if ( size(#)>0 ) |
---|
5521 | { |
---|
5522 | if ( typeof(#[1]) == "string" ) |
---|
5523 | { |
---|
5524 | st = string(#[1]); |
---|
5525 | if ( (st == "alg1") || (st == "ALG1") || (st == "Alg1") ||(st == "aLG1")) |
---|
5526 | { |
---|
5527 | algo = "alg1"; |
---|
5528 | chs = 1; |
---|
5529 | } |
---|
5530 | if ( (st == "alg2") || (st == "ALG2") || (st == "Alg2") || (st == "aLG2")) |
---|
5531 | { |
---|
5532 | algo = "alg2"; |
---|
5533 | chs = 1; |
---|
5534 | } |
---|
5535 | if (chs != 1) |
---|
5536 | { |
---|
5537 | // incorrect value of S |
---|
5538 | print("Incorrect algorithm given, proceed with the default alg1"); |
---|
5539 | algo = "alg1"; |
---|
5540 | } |
---|
5541 | // second arg |
---|
5542 | if (size(#)>1) |
---|
5543 | { |
---|
5544 | // exists 2nd arg |
---|
5545 | if ( typeof(#[2]) == "int" ) |
---|
5546 | { |
---|
5547 | // the case: given alg, given engine |
---|
5548 | eng = int(#[2]); |
---|
5549 | } |
---|
5550 | else |
---|
5551 | { |
---|
5552 | eng = 0; |
---|
5553 | } |
---|
5554 | } |
---|
5555 | else |
---|
5556 | { |
---|
5557 | // no second arg |
---|
5558 | eng = 0; |
---|
5559 | } |
---|
5560 | } |
---|
5561 | else |
---|
5562 | { |
---|
5563 | if ( typeof(#[1]) == "int" ) |
---|
5564 | { |
---|
5565 | // the case: default alg, engine |
---|
5566 | eng = int(#[1]); |
---|
5567 | // algo = "alg1"; //is already set |
---|
5568 | } |
---|
5569 | else |
---|
5570 | { |
---|
5571 | // incorr. 1st arg |
---|
5572 | algo = "alg1"; |
---|
5573 | } |
---|
5574 | } |
---|
5575 | } |
---|
5576 | // size(#)=0, i.e. there is no algorithm and no engine given |
---|
5577 | // eng = 0; algo = "alg1"; //are already set |
---|
5578 | // int ppl = printlevel-voice+2; |
---|
5579 | // check assume: a is positive rational number |
---|
5580 | if (!isRational(a)) |
---|
5581 | { |
---|
5582 | ERROR("rational root expected for checking"); |
---|
5583 | } |
---|
5584 | if (numerator(a) < 0 ) |
---|
5585 | { |
---|
5586 | ERROR("expected positive -alpha"); |
---|
5587 | // the following is more user-friendly but less correct |
---|
5588 | // print("proceeding with the negated root"); |
---|
5589 | // a = -a; |
---|
5590 | } |
---|
5591 | printlevel=printlevel+1; |
---|
5592 | def save = basering; |
---|
5593 | def @A = SannfsBM(F); |
---|
5594 | setring @A; |
---|
5595 | poly F = imap(save,F); |
---|
5596 | number a = imap(save,a); |
---|
5597 | if ( algo=="alg1") |
---|
5598 | { |
---|
5599 | int output = checkRoot1(LD,F,a,eng); |
---|
5600 | } |
---|
5601 | else |
---|
5602 | { |
---|
5603 | if ( algo=="alg2") |
---|
5604 | { |
---|
5605 | int output = checkRoot2(LD,F,a,eng); |
---|
5606 | } |
---|
5607 | } |
---|
5608 | printlevel=printlevel-1; |
---|
5609 | return(output); |
---|
5610 | } |
---|
5611 | example |
---|
5612 | { |
---|
5613 | "EXAMPLE:"; echo = 2; |
---|
5614 | printlevel=0; |
---|
5615 | ring r = 0,(x,y),Dp; |
---|
5616 | poly F = x^4+y^5+x*y^4; |
---|
5617 | checkRoot(F,11/20); // -11/20 is a root of bf |
---|
5618 | poly G = x*y; |
---|
5619 | checkRoot(G,1,"alg2"); // -1 is a root of bg with multiplicity 2 |
---|
5620 | } |
---|
5621 | |
---|
5622 | proc checkRoot1(ideal I, poly F, number a, list #) |
---|
5623 | "USAGE: checkRoot1(I,f,alpha [,eng]); ideal I, poly f, number alpha, int eng |
---|
5624 | ASSUME: Basering is D[s], I is the annihilator of f^s in D[s], |
---|
5625 | @* that is basering and I are the output of Sannfs-like procedure, |
---|
5626 | @* f is a polynomial in K[x] and alpha is a rational number. |
---|
5627 | RETURN: int, 1 if -alpha is a root of the Bernstein-Sato polynomial of f |
---|
5628 | PURPOSE: check, whether alpha is a root of the global Bernstein-Sato polynomial of f |
---|
5629 | NOTE: If eng <>0, @code{std} is used for Groebner basis computations, |
---|
5630 | @* otherwise (and by default) @code{slimgb} is used. |
---|
5631 | DISPLAY: If printlevel=1, progress debug messages will be printed, |
---|
5632 | @* if printlevel>=2, all the debug messages will be printed. |
---|
5633 | EXAMPLE: example checkRoot1; shows examples |
---|
5634 | " |
---|
5635 | { |
---|
5636 | // to check: alpha is rational (has char 0 check inside) |
---|
5637 | if (!isRational(a)) |
---|
5638 | { |
---|
5639 | "ERROR: alpha must be a rational number!"; |
---|
5640 | } |
---|
5641 | // no qring |
---|
5642 | if ( size(ideal(basering)) >0 ) |
---|
5643 | { |
---|
5644 | "ERROR: no qring is allowed"; |
---|
5645 | } |
---|
5646 | int eng = 0; |
---|
5647 | if ( size(#)>0 ) |
---|
5648 | { |
---|
5649 | if ( typeof(#[1]) == "int" ) |
---|
5650 | { |
---|
5651 | eng = int(#[1]); |
---|
5652 | } |
---|
5653 | } |
---|
5654 | int ppl = printlevel-voice+2; |
---|
5655 | dbprint(ppl,"// -0-1- starting the procedure checkRoot1"); |
---|
5656 | def save = basering; |
---|
5657 | int N = nvars(basering); |
---|
5658 | int Nnew = N-1; |
---|
5659 | int n = Nnew / 2; |
---|
5660 | int i; |
---|
5661 | string s; |
---|
5662 | list RL = ringlist(basering); |
---|
5663 | list L, Lord; |
---|
5664 | list tmp; |
---|
5665 | intvec iv; |
---|
5666 | L[1] = RL[1]; // char |
---|
5667 | L[4] = RL[4]; // char, minpoly |
---|
5668 | // check whether basering is D[s]=K(_x,_Dx,s) |
---|
5669 | list Name = RL[2]; |
---|
5670 | // for (i=1; i<=n; i++) |
---|
5671 | // { |
---|
5672 | // if ( bracket(var(i+n),var(i))!=1 ) |
---|
5673 | // { |
---|
5674 | // ERROR("basering should be D[s]=K(_x,_Dx,s)"); |
---|
5675 | // } |
---|
5676 | // } |
---|
5677 | if ( Name[N]!="s" ) |
---|
5678 | { |
---|
5679 | ERROR("the last variable of basering should be s"); |
---|
5680 | } |
---|
5681 | // now, create the new vars |
---|
5682 | list NName; |
---|
5683 | for (i=1; i<=Nnew; i++) |
---|
5684 | { |
---|
5685 | NName[i] = Name[i]; |
---|
5686 | } |
---|
5687 | L[2] = NName; |
---|
5688 | kill Name,NName; |
---|
5689 | // block ord (dp); |
---|
5690 | tmp[1] = "dp"; // string |
---|
5691 | s = "iv="; |
---|
5692 | for (i=1; i<=Nnew; i++) |
---|
5693 | { |
---|
5694 | s = s+"1,"; |
---|
5695 | } |
---|
5696 | s[size(s)]=";"; |
---|
5697 | execute(s); |
---|
5698 | kill s; |
---|
5699 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
5700 | Lord[1] = tmp; |
---|
5701 | tmp[1] = "C"; |
---|
5702 | iv = 0; |
---|
5703 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
5704 | Lord[2] = tmp; |
---|
5705 | tmp = 0; |
---|
5706 | L[3] = Lord; |
---|
5707 | // we are done with the list |
---|
5708 | def @R@ = ring(L); |
---|
5709 | setring @R@; |
---|
5710 | matrix @D[Nnew][Nnew]; |
---|
5711 | for (i=1; i<=n; i++) |
---|
5712 | { |
---|
5713 | @D[i,i+n]=1; |
---|
5714 | } |
---|
5715 | def @R = nc_algebra(1,@D); |
---|
5716 | setring @R; |
---|
5717 | kill @R@; |
---|
5718 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-1- the ring @R(_x,_Dx) is ready"); |
---|
5719 | dbprint(ppl-1, S); |
---|
5720 | // create the ideal K = ann_D[s](f^s)_{s=-alpha} + < f > |
---|
5721 | setring save; |
---|
5722 | ideal K = subst(I,s,-a); |
---|
5723 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-2- the variable s has been substituted by "+string(-a)); |
---|
5724 | dbprint(ppl-1, K); |
---|
5725 | K = NF(K,std(F)); |
---|
5726 | // make leadcoeffs positive |
---|
5727 | for (i=1; i<=ncols(K); i++) |
---|
5728 | { |
---|
5729 | if ( leadcoef(K[i])<0 ) |
---|
5730 | { |
---|
5731 | K[i] = -K[i]; |
---|
5732 | } |
---|
5733 | } |
---|
5734 | K = K,F; |
---|
5735 | // ------------ the ideal K is ready ------------ |
---|
5736 | setring @R; |
---|
5737 | ideal K = imap(save,K); |
---|
5738 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-3- starting the computation of a Groebner basis of K in @R"); |
---|
5739 | dbprint(ppl-1, K); |
---|
5740 | ideal G = engine(K,eng); |
---|
5741 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-4- the Groebner basis has been computed"); |
---|
5742 | dbprint(ppl-1, G); |
---|
5743 | return(G[1]!=1); |
---|
5744 | } |
---|
5745 | example |
---|
5746 | { |
---|
5747 | "EXAMPLE:"; echo = 2; |
---|
5748 | ring r = 0,(x,y),Dp; |
---|
5749 | poly F = x^4+y^5+x*y^4; |
---|
5750 | printlevel = 0; |
---|
5751 | def A = Sannfs(F); |
---|
5752 | setring A; |
---|
5753 | poly F = imap(r,F); |
---|
5754 | checkRoot1(LD,F,31/20); // -31/20 is not a root of bs |
---|
5755 | checkRoot1(LD,F,11/20); // -11/20 is a root of bs |
---|
5756 | } |
---|
5757 | |
---|
5758 | proc checkRoot2 (ideal I, poly F, number a, list #) |
---|
5759 | "USAGE: checkRoot2(I,f,a [,eng]); I an ideal, f a poly, alpha a number, eng an optional int |
---|
5760 | ASSUME: I is the annihilator of f^s in D[s], basering is D[s], |
---|
5761 | @* that is basering and I are the output os Sannfs-like procedure, |
---|
5762 | @* f is a polynomial in K[_x] and alpha is a rational number. |
---|
5763 | RETURN: int, the multiplicity of -alpha as a root of the BS polynomial of f. |
---|
5764 | PURPOSE: check whether a rational number alpha is a root of the global Bernstein- |
---|
5765 | @* Sato polynomial of f and compute its multiplicity from the known Ann F^s in D[s] |
---|
5766 | NOTE: If -alpha is not a root, the output is 0. |
---|
5767 | @* If eng <>0, @code{std} is used for Groebner basis computations, |
---|
5768 | @* otherwise (and by default) @code{slimgb} is used. |
---|
5769 | DISPLAY: If printlevel=1, progress debug messages will be printed, |
---|
5770 | @* if printlevel>=2, all the debug messages will be printed. |
---|
5771 | EXAMPLE: example checkRoot2; shows examples |
---|
5772 | " |
---|
5773 | { |
---|
5774 | |
---|
5775 | |
---|
5776 | // to check: alpha is rational (has char 0 check inside) |
---|
5777 | if (!isRational(a)) |
---|
5778 | { |
---|
5779 | "ERROR: alpha must be a rational number!"; |
---|
5780 | } |
---|
5781 | // no qring |
---|
5782 | if ( size(ideal(basering)) >0 ) |
---|
5783 | { |
---|
5784 | "ERROR: no qring is allowed"; |
---|
5785 | } |
---|
5786 | |
---|
5787 | int eng = 0; |
---|
5788 | if ( size(#)>0 ) |
---|
5789 | { |
---|
5790 | if ( typeof(#[1]) == "int" ) |
---|
5791 | { |
---|
5792 | eng = int(#[1]); |
---|
5793 | } |
---|
5794 | } |
---|
5795 | int ppl = printlevel-voice+2; |
---|
5796 | dbprint(ppl,"// -0-1- starting the procedure checkRoot2"); |
---|
5797 | def save = basering; |
---|
5798 | int N = nvars(basering); |
---|
5799 | int n = (N-1) / 2; |
---|
5800 | int i; |
---|
5801 | string s; |
---|
5802 | list RL = ringlist(basering); |
---|
5803 | list L, Lord; |
---|
5804 | list tmp; |
---|
5805 | intvec iv; |
---|
5806 | L[1] = RL[1]; // char |
---|
5807 | L[4] = RL[4]; // char, minpoly |
---|
5808 | // check whether basering is D[s]=K(_x,_Dx,s) |
---|
5809 | list Name = RL[2]; |
---|
5810 | for (i=1; i<=n; i++) |
---|
5811 | { |
---|
5812 | if ( bracket(var(i+n),var(i))!=1 ) |
---|
5813 | { |
---|
5814 | ERROR("basering should be D[s]=K(_x,_Dx,s)"); |
---|
5815 | } |
---|
5816 | } |
---|
5817 | if ( Name[N]!="s" ) |
---|
5818 | { |
---|
5819 | ERROR("the last variable of basering should be s"); |
---|
5820 | } |
---|
5821 | // now, create the new vars |
---|
5822 | L[2] = Name; |
---|
5823 | kill Name; |
---|
5824 | // block ord (dp); |
---|
5825 | tmp[1] = "dp"; // string |
---|
5826 | s = "iv="; |
---|
5827 | for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
5828 | { |
---|
5829 | s = s+"1,"; |
---|
5830 | } |
---|
5831 | s[size(s)]=";"; |
---|
5832 | execute(s); |
---|
5833 | kill s; |
---|
5834 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
5835 | Lord[1] = tmp; |
---|
5836 | tmp[1] = "C"; |
---|
5837 | iv = 0; |
---|
5838 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
5839 | Lord[2] = tmp; |
---|
5840 | tmp = 0; |
---|
5841 | L[3] = Lord; |
---|
5842 | // we are done with the list |
---|
5843 | def @R@ = ring(L); |
---|
5844 | setring @R@; |
---|
5845 | matrix @D[N][N]; |
---|
5846 | for (i=1; i<=n; i++) |
---|
5847 | { |
---|
5848 | @D[i,i+n]=1; |
---|
5849 | } |
---|
5850 | def @R = nc_algebra(1,@D); |
---|
5851 | setring @R; |
---|
5852 | kill @R@; |
---|
5853 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-1- the ring @R(_x,_Dx,s) is ready"); |
---|
5854 | dbprint(ppl-1, @R); |
---|
5855 | // now, continue with the algorithm |
---|
5856 | ideal I = imap(save,I); |
---|
5857 | poly F = imap(save,F); |
---|
5858 | number a = imap(save,a); |
---|
5859 | ideal II = NF(I,std(F)); |
---|
5860 | // make leadcoeffs positive |
---|
5861 | for (i=1; i<=ncols(II); i++) |
---|
5862 | { |
---|
5863 | if ( leadcoef(II[i])<0 ) |
---|
5864 | { |
---|
5865 | II[i] = -II[i]; |
---|
5866 | } |
---|
5867 | } |
---|
5868 | ideal J,G; |
---|
5869 | int m; // the output (multiplicity) |
---|
5870 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2- starting the bucle"); |
---|
5871 | for (i=0; i<=n; i++) // the multiplicity has to be <= n |
---|
5872 | { |
---|
5873 | // create the ideal Ji = ann_D[s](f^s) + < f, (s+alpha)^{i+1} > |
---|
5874 | // (s+alpha)^i in Ji <==> -alpha is a root with multiplicity >= i |
---|
5875 | J = II,F,(s+a)^(i+1); |
---|
5876 | // ------------ the ideal Ji is ready ----------- |
---|
5877 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-"+string(i+1)+"-1- starting the computation of a Groebner basis of J"+string(i)+" in @R"); |
---|
5878 | dbprint(ppl-1, J); |
---|
5879 | G = engine(J,eng); |
---|
5880 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-"+string(i+1)+"-2- the Groebner basis has been computed"); |
---|
5881 | dbprint(ppl-1, G); |
---|
5882 | if ( NF((s+a)^i,G)==0 ) |
---|
5883 | { |
---|
5884 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-"+string(i+1)+"-3- the number "+string(-a)+" has not multiplicity "+string(i+1)); |
---|
5885 | m = i; |
---|
5886 | break; |
---|
5887 | } |
---|
5888 | dbprint(ppl,"// -2-"+string(i+1)+"-3- the number "+string(-a)+" has multiplicity at least "+string(i+1)); |
---|
5889 | } |
---|
5890 | dbprint(ppl,"// -3- the bucle has finished"); |
---|
5891 | return(m); |
---|
5892 | } |
---|
5893 | example |
---|
5894 | { |
---|
5895 | "EXAMPLE:"; echo = 2; |
---|
5896 | ring r = 0,(x,y,z),Dp; |
---|
5897 | poly F = x*y*z; |
---|
5898 | printlevel = 0; |
---|
5899 | def A = Sannfs(F); |
---|
5900 | setring A; |
---|
5901 | poly F = imap(r,F); |
---|
5902 | checkRoot2(LD,F,1); // -1 is a root of bs with multiplicity 3 |
---|
5903 | checkRoot2(LD,F,1/3); // -1/3 is not a root |
---|
5904 | } |
---|
5905 | |
---|
5906 | proc checkFactor(ideal I, poly F, poly q, list #) |
---|
5907 | "USAGE: checkFactor(I,f,qs [,eng]); I an ideal, f a poly, qs a poly, eng an optional int |
---|
5908 | ASSUME: checkFactor is called from the basering, created by Sannfs-like proc, |
---|
5909 | @* that is, from the Weyl algebra in x1,..,xN,d1,..,dN tensored with K[s]. |
---|
5910 | @* The ideal I is the annihilator of f^s in D[s], that is the ideal, computed |
---|
5911 | @* by Sannfs-like procedure (usually called LD there). |
---|
5912 | @* Moreover, f is a polynomial in K[x1,..,xN] and qs is a polynomial in K[s]. |
---|
5913 | RETURN: int, 1 if qs is a factor of the global Bernstein polynomial of f and 0 otherwise |
---|
5914 | PURPOSE: check whether a univariate polynomial qs is a factor of the |
---|
5915 | @* Bernstein-Sato polynomial of f without explicit knowledge of the latter. |
---|
5916 | NOTE: If eng <>0, @code{std} is used for Groebner basis computations, |
---|
5917 | @* otherwise (and by default) @code{slimgb} is used. |
---|
5918 | DISPLAY: If printlevel=1, progress debug messages will be printed, |
---|
5919 | @* if printlevel>=2, all the debug messages will be printed. |
---|
5920 | EXAMPLE: example checkFactor; shows examples |
---|
5921 | " |
---|
5922 | { |
---|
5923 | |
---|
5924 | // ASSUME too complicated, cannot check it. |
---|
5925 | |
---|
5926 | int eng = 0; |
---|
5927 | if ( size(#)>0 ) |
---|
5928 | { |
---|
5929 | if ( typeof(#[1]) == "int" ) |
---|
5930 | { |
---|
5931 | eng = int(#[1]); |
---|
5932 | } |
---|
5933 | } |
---|
5934 | int ppl = printlevel-voice+2; |
---|
5935 | def @R2 = basering; |
---|
5936 | int N = nvars(@R2); |
---|
5937 | int i; |
---|
5938 | // we're in D_n[s], where the elim ord for s is set |
---|
5939 | dbprint(ppl,"// -0-1- starting the procedure checkFactor"); |
---|
5940 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-1- the ring @R2(_x,_Dx,s) is ready"); |
---|
5941 | dbprint(ppl-1, @R2); |
---|
5942 | // create the ideal J = ann_D[s](f^s) + < f,q > |
---|
5943 | ideal J = NF(I,std(F)); |
---|
5944 | // make leadcoeffs positive |
---|
5945 | for (i=1; i<=ncols(J); i++) |
---|
5946 | { |
---|
5947 | if ( leadcoef(J[i])<0 ) |
---|
5948 | { |
---|
5949 | J[i] = -J[i]; |
---|
5950 | } |
---|
5951 | } |
---|
5952 | J = J,F,q; |
---|
5953 | // ------------ the ideal J is ready ----------- |
---|
5954 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-2- starting the elimination of _x,_Dx in @R2"); |
---|
5955 | dbprint(ppl-1, J); |
---|
5956 | ideal G = engine(J,eng); |
---|
5957 | ideal K = nselect(G,1..N-1); |
---|
5958 | kill J,G; |
---|
5959 | dbprint(ppl,"// -1-3- _x,_Dx are eliminated"); |
---|
5960 | dbprint(ppl-1, K); |
---|
5961 | //q is a factor of bs if and only if K = < q > |
---|
5962 | //K = normalize(K); |
---|
5963 | //q = normalize(q); |
---|
5964 | //return( (K[1]==q) ); |
---|
5965 | return( NF(K[1],std(q))==0 ); |
---|
5966 | } |
---|
5967 | example |
---|
5968 | { |
---|
5969 | "EXAMPLE:"; echo = 2; |
---|
5970 | ring r = 0,(x,y),Dp; |
---|
5971 | poly F = x^4+y^5+x*y^4; |
---|
5972 | printlevel = 0; |
---|
5973 | def A = Sannfs(F); |
---|
5974 | setring A; |
---|
5975 | poly F = imap(r,F); |
---|
5976 | checkFactor(LD,F,20*s+31); // -31/20 is not a root of bs |
---|
5977 | checkFactor(LD,F,20*s+11); // -11/20 is a root of bs |
---|
5978 | checkFactor(LD,F,(20*s+11)^2); // the multiplicity of -11/20 is 1 |
---|
5979 | } |
---|
5980 | |
---|
5981 | proc varNum(string s) |
---|
5982 | "USAGE: varNum(s); string s |
---|
5983 | RETURN: int |
---|
5984 | PURPOSE: returns the number of the variable with the name s |
---|
5985 | @* among the variables of basering or 0 if there is no such variable |
---|
5986 | EXAMPLE: example varNum; shows examples |
---|
5987 | " |
---|
5988 | { |
---|
5989 | int i; |
---|
5990 | for (i=1; i<= nvars(basering); i++) |
---|
5991 | { |
---|
5992 | if ( string(var(i)) == s ) |
---|
5993 | { |
---|
5994 | return(i); |
---|
5995 | } |
---|
5996 | } |
---|
5997 | return(0); |
---|
5998 | } |
---|
5999 | example |
---|
6000 | { |
---|
6001 | "EXAMPLE:"; echo = 2; |
---|
6002 | ring X = 0,(x,y1,t,z(0),z,tTa),dp; |
---|
6003 | varNum("z"); |
---|
6004 | varNum("t"); |
---|
6005 | varNum("xyz"); |
---|
6006 | } |
---|
6007 | |
---|
6008 | static proc indAR(list L, int n) |
---|
6009 | "USAGE: indAR(L,n); list L, int n |
---|
6010 | RETURN: list |
---|
6011 | PURPOSE: computes arrangement inductively, using L and |
---|
6012 | @* var(n) as the next variable |
---|
6013 | ASSUME: L has a structure of an arrangement |
---|
6014 | EXAMPLE: example indAR; shows examples |
---|
6015 | " |
---|
6016 | { |
---|
6017 | if ( (n<2) || (n>nvars(basering)) ) |
---|
6018 | { |
---|
6019 | ERROR("incorrect n"); |
---|
6020 | } |
---|
6021 | int sl = size(L); |
---|
6022 | list K; |
---|
6023 | ideal tmp; |
---|
6024 | poly @t = L[sl][1] + var(n); //1 elt |
---|
6025 | K[sl+1] = ideal(@t); |
---|
6026 | tmp = L[1]+var(n); |
---|
6027 | K[1] = tmp; tmp = 0; |
---|
6028 | int i,j,sI; |
---|
6029 | ideal I; |
---|
6030 | for(i=sl; i>=2; i--) |
---|
6031 | { |
---|
6032 | I = L[i-1]; sI = size(I); |
---|
6033 | for(j=1; j<=sI; j++) |
---|
6034 | { |
---|
6035 | I[j] = I[j] + var(n); |
---|
6036 | } |
---|
6037 | tmp = L[i],I; |
---|
6038 | K[i] = tmp; |
---|
6039 | I = 0; tmp = 0; |
---|
6040 | } |
---|
6041 | kill I; kill tmp; |
---|
6042 | return(K); |
---|
6043 | } |
---|
6044 | example |
---|
6045 | { |
---|
6046 | "EXAMPLE:"; echo = 2; |
---|
6047 | ring r = 0,(x,y,z,t,v),dp; |
---|
6048 | list L; |
---|
6049 | L[1] = ideal(x); |
---|
6050 | list K = indAR(L,2); |
---|
6051 | K; |
---|
6052 | list M = indAR(K,3); |
---|
6053 | M; |
---|
6054 | M = indAR(M,4); |
---|
6055 | M; |
---|
6056 | } |
---|
6057 | |
---|
6058 | proc isRational(number n) |
---|
6059 | "USAGE: isRational(n); n number |
---|
6060 | RETURN: int |
---|
6061 | PURPOSE: determine whether n is a rational number, |
---|
6062 | @* that is it does not contain parameters. |
---|
6063 | ASSUME: ground field is of characteristic 0 |
---|
6064 | EXAMPLE: example indAR; shows examples |
---|
6065 | " |
---|
6066 | { |
---|
6067 | if (char(basering) != 0) |
---|
6068 | { |
---|
6069 | ERROR("The ground field must be of characteristic 0!"); |
---|
6070 | } |
---|
6071 | number dn = denominator(n); |
---|
6072 | number nn = numerator(n); |
---|
6073 | return( ((int(dn)==dn) && (int(nn)==nn)) ); |
---|
6074 | } |
---|
6075 | example |
---|
6076 | { |
---|
6077 | "EXAMPLE:"; echo = 2; |
---|
6078 | ring r = (0,a),(x,y),dp; |
---|
6079 | number n1 = 11/73; |
---|
6080 | isRational(n1); |
---|
6081 | number n2 = (11*a+3)/72; |
---|
6082 | isRational(n2); |
---|
6083 | } |
---|
6084 | |
---|
6085 | proc bernsteinLift(ideal I, poly F, list #) |
---|
6086 | "USAGE: bernsteinLift(I, F [,eng]); I an ideal, F a poly, eng an optional int |
---|
6087 | RETURN: list |
---|
6088 | PURPOSE: compute the (multiple of) Bernstein-Sato polynomial with lift-like method, |
---|
6089 | @* based on the output of Sannfs-like procedure |
---|
6090 | NOTE: the output list contains the roots with multiplicities of the candidate |
---|
6091 | @* for being Bernstein-Sato polynomial of f. |
---|
6092 | @* If eng <>0, @code{std} is used for Groebner basis computations, |
---|
6093 | @* otherwise and by default @code{slimgb} is used. |
---|
6094 | @* If printlevel=1, progress debug messages will be printed, |
---|
6095 | @* if printlevel>=2, all the debug messages will be printed. |
---|
6096 | EXAMPLE: example bernsteinLift; shows examples |
---|
6097 | " |
---|
6098 | { |
---|
6099 | // assume: s is the last variable! check in the code |
---|
6100 | int eng = 0; |
---|
6101 | if ( size(#)>0 ) |
---|
6102 | { |
---|
6103 | if ( typeof(#[1]) == "int" ) |
---|
6104 | { |
---|
6105 | eng = int(#[1]); |
---|
6106 | } |
---|
6107 | } |
---|
6108 | def @R2 = basering; |
---|
6109 | int Nnew = nvars(@R2); |
---|
6110 | int N = Nnew/2; |
---|
6111 | int ppl = printlevel-voice+2; |
---|
6112 | // we're in D_n[s], where the elim ord for s is set |
---|
6113 | // create D_n(s) |
---|
6114 | // create the ordinary Weyl algebra and put the result into it, |
---|
6115 | // keep: N, i,j,s, tmp, RL |
---|
6116 | Nnew = Nnew - 1; // former 2*N; |
---|
6117 | list L = 0; |
---|
6118 | list Lord, tmp; |
---|
6119 | intvec iv; int i; |
---|
6120 | list RL = ringlist(basering); |
---|
6121 | // if we work over alg. extension => problem! |
---|
6122 | if (size(RL[1]) > 1) |
---|
6123 | { |
---|
6124 | ERROR("cannot work over algebraic field extension"); |
---|
6125 | } |
---|
6126 | tmp[1] = RL[1]; // char |
---|
6127 | tmp[2] = list("s"); |
---|
6128 | tmp[3] = list(list("lp",int(1))); |
---|
6129 | tmp[4] = ideal(0); |
---|
6130 | L[1] = tmp; // field |
---|
6131 | tmp = 0; |
---|
6132 | L[4] = RL[4]; // factor ideal |
---|
6133 | |
---|
6134 | // check whether vars have admissible names -> done earlier |
---|
6135 | // list Name = RL[2]M |
---|
6136 | // DName is defined earlier |
---|
6137 | list NName; // = RL[2]; // skip the last var 's' |
---|
6138 | for (i=1; i<=Nnew; i++) |
---|
6139 | { |
---|
6140 | NName[i] = RL[2][i]; |
---|
6141 | } |
---|
6142 | L[2] = NName; |
---|
6143 | // (c, ) ordering: |
---|
6144 | tmp[1] = "c"; |
---|
6145 | iv = 0; |
---|
6146 | tmp[2] = iv; |
---|
6147 | Lord[1] = tmp; |
---|
6148 | tmp=0; |
---|
6149 | // dp ordering; |
---|
6150 | string s = "iv="; |
---|
6151 | for (i=1; i<=Nnew; i++) |
---|
6152 | { |
---|
6153 | s = s+"1,"; |
---|
6154 | } |
---|
6155 | s[size(s)] = ";"; |
---|
6156 | execute(s); |
---|
6157 | tmp = 0; |
---|
6158 | tmp[1] = "dp"; // string |
---|
6159 | tmp[2] = iv; // intvec |
---|
6160 | Lord[2] = tmp; |
---|
6161 | kill s; |
---|
6162 | tmp = 0; |
---|
6163 | L[3] = Lord; |
---|
6164 | // we are done with the list |
---|
6165 | // Add: Plural part |
---|
6166 | def @R4@ = ring(L); |
---|
6167 | setring @R4@; |
---|
6168 | matrix @D[Nnew][Nnew]; |
---|
6169 | for (i=1; i<=N; i++) |
---|
6170 | { |
---|
6171 | @D[i,N+i]=1; |
---|
6172 | } |
---|
6173 | def @R4 = nc_algebra(1,@D); |
---|
6174 | setring @R4; |
---|
6175 | kill @R4@; |
---|
6176 | dbprint(ppl,"// -3-1- the ring K(s)<x,dx> is ready"); |
---|
6177 | dbprint(ppl-1, @R4); |
---|
6178 | // map things correctly, using names |
---|
6179 | ideal J = imap(@R2, I), imap(@R2,F); |
---|
6180 | module M; |
---|
6181 | // make leadcoeffs positive |
---|
6182 | for (i=1; i<= ncols(J); i++) |
---|
6183 | { |
---|
6184 | if (J[i]!=0) |
---|
6185 | { |
---|
6186 | M[i] = J[i]*gen(1) + gen(1+i); |
---|
6187 | } |
---|
6188 | } |
---|
6189 | dbprint(ppl,"// -3-2- starting GB of the assoc. module M"); |
---|
6190 | M = engine(M,eng); |
---|
6191 | dbprint(ppl,"// -3-3- finished GB of the assoc. module M"); |
---|
6192 | dbprint(ppl-1, M); |
---|
6193 | // now look for (1) entry with 1st comp nonzero |
---|
6194 | // determine whether there are several 1st comps nonzero |
---|
6195 | module M2; |
---|
6196 | for (i=1; i<= ncols(M); i++) |
---|
6197 | { |
---|
6198 | if (M[1,i]!=0) |
---|
6199 | { |
---|
6200 | M2 = M2, M[i]; |
---|
6201 | } |
---|
6202 | } |
---|
6203 | M2 = simplify(M2,2); // skip 0s |
---|
6204 | if (ncols(M2) > 1) |
---|
6205 | { |
---|
6206 | dbprint(ppl,"// -*- more than 1 element with nonzero leading component"); |
---|
6207 | option(redSB); option(redTail); // set them back? |
---|
6208 | M2 = interred(M2); |
---|
6209 | if (ncols(M2) > 1) |
---|
6210 | { |
---|
6211 | ERROR("more than one leading component after interred: assume violation!"); |
---|
6212 | } |
---|
6213 | if (leadexp(M2[1]) != 0) |
---|
6214 | { |
---|
6215 | ERROR("nonconstant entry after interred: assume violation!"); |
---|
6216 | } |
---|
6217 | } |
---|
6218 | // now there's only one el-t with leadcomp<>0 |
---|
6219 | vector V = M2[1]; |
---|
6220 | number bcand = leadcoef(V[1]); // 1st component |
---|
6221 | V[1]=0; |
---|
6222 | number ct = content(V); // content of the cofactors |
---|
6223 | // addition by VL: indeed just gcd of denominators is needed!!! |
---|
6224 | // hence TODO |
---|
6225 | poly CF = ct*V[ncols(J)]; // polynomial in K[s]<x,dx>, cofactor to F |
---|
6226 | dbprint(ppl,"// -3-4- the cofactor candidate found"); |
---|
6227 | dbprint(ppl-1,CF); |
---|
6228 | dbprint(ppl,"// -3-5- the entry as it is"); |
---|
6229 | dbprint(ppl-1,bcand); |
---|
6230 | bcand = bcand*ct; // a product of both |
---|
6231 | dbprint(ppl,"// -3-6- the content of the rest vector"); |
---|
6232 | dbprint(ppl-1,ct); |
---|
6233 | ring @R3 = 0,s,dp; |
---|
6234 | dbprint(ppl,"// -4-1- the ring @R3 i.e. K[s] is ready"); |
---|
6235 | poly bcand = imap(@R4,bcand); |
---|
6236 | dbprint(ppl,"// -4-2- factorization"); |
---|
6237 | list P = factorize(bcand); //with constants and multiplicities |
---|
6238 | ideal bs; intvec m; //the Bernstein polynomial is monic, so we are not interested in constants |
---|
6239 | for (i=2; i<= size(P[1]); i++) //we delete P[1][1] and P[2][1] |
---|
6240 | { |
---|
6241 | bs[i-1] = P[1][i]; |
---|
6242 | m[i-1] = P[2][i]; |
---|
6243 | } |
---|
6244 | bs = normalize(bs); bs = -subst(bs,s,0); // to get roots only |
---|
6245 | setring @R2; // the ring the story started with |
---|
6246 | ideal bs = imap(@R3,bs); // intvec m is global |
---|
6247 | intvec mm = m; m = 0; |
---|
6248 | kill @R3; // kills m as well.... |
---|
6249 | list @L = list(bs, mm); |
---|
6250 | // look for (2) return the GB of syzygies? |
---|
6251 | return(@L); |
---|
6252 | } |
---|
6253 | example |
---|
6254 | { "EXAMPLE:"; echo = 2; |
---|
6255 | ring r = 0,(x,y,z),Dp; |
---|
6256 | poly F = x^3+y^3+z^3; |
---|
6257 | printlevel = 0; |
---|
6258 | def A = Sannfs(F); setring A; |
---|
6259 | LD; |
---|
6260 | poly F = imap(r,F); |
---|
6261 | list L = bernsteinLift(LD,F); L; |
---|
6262 | poly bs = fl2poly(L,"s"); bs; // the candidate for Bernstein-Sato polynomial |
---|
6263 | } |
---|
6264 | |
---|
6265 | /// ****** EXAMPLES ************ |
---|
6266 | |
---|
6267 | /* |
---|
6268 | |
---|
6269 | //static proc exCheckGenericity() |
---|
6270 | { |
---|
6271 | LIB "control.lib"; |
---|
6272 | ring r = (0,a,b,c),x,dp; |
---|
6273 | poly p = (x-a)*(x-b)*(x-c); |
---|
6274 | def A = annfsBM(p); |
---|
6275 | setring A; |
---|
6276 | ideal J = slimgb(LD); |
---|
6277 | matrix T = lift(LD,J); |
---|
6278 | T = normalize(T); |
---|
6279 | genericity(T); |
---|
6280 | // Ann =x^3*Dx+3*x^2*t*Dt+(-a-b-c)*x^2*Dx+(-2*a-2*b-2*c)*x*t*Dt+3*x^2+(a*b+a*c+b*c)*x*Dx+(a*b+a*c+b*c)*t*Dt+(-2*a-2*b-2*c)*x+(-a*b*c)*Dx+(a*b+a*c+b*c) |
---|
6281 | // genericity: g = a2-ab-ac+b2-bc+c2 =0 |
---|
6282 | // g = (a -(b+c)/2)^2 + (3/4)*(b-c)^2; |
---|
6283 | // g ==0 <=> a=b=c |
---|
6284 | // indeed, Ann = (x-a)^2*(x*Dx+3*t*Dt+(-a)*Dx+3) |
---|
6285 | // -------------------------------------------- |
---|
6286 | // BUT a direct computation shows |
---|
6287 | // when a=b=c, |
---|
6288 | // Ann = x*Dx+3*t*Dt+(-a)*Dx+3 |
---|
6289 | } |
---|
6290 | |
---|
6291 | //static proc exOT_17() |
---|
6292 | { |
---|
6293 | // Oaku-Takayama, p.208 |
---|
6294 | ring R = 0,(x,y),dp; |
---|
6295 | poly F = x^3-y^2; // x^2+x*y+y^2; |
---|
6296 | option(prot); |
---|
6297 | option(mem); |
---|
6298 | // option(redSB); |
---|
6299 | def A = annfsOT(F,0); |
---|
6300 | setring A; |
---|
6301 | LD; |
---|
6302 | gkdim(LD); // a holonomic check |
---|
6303 | // poly F = x^3-y^2; // = x^7 - y^5; // x^3-y^4; // x^5 - y^4; |
---|
6304 | } |
---|
6305 | |
---|
6306 | //static proc exOT_16() |
---|
6307 | { |
---|
6308 | // Oaku-Takayama, p.208 |
---|
6309 | ring R = 0,(x),dp; |
---|
6310 | poly F = x*(1-x); |
---|
6311 | option(prot); |
---|
6312 | option(mem); |
---|
6313 | // option(redSB); |
---|
6314 | def A = annfsOT(F,0); |
---|
6315 | setring A; |
---|
6316 | LD; |
---|
6317 | gkdim(LD); // a holonomic check |
---|
6318 | } |
---|
6319 | |
---|
6320 | //static proc ex_bcheck() |
---|
6321 | { |
---|
6322 | ring R = 0,(x,y),dp; |
---|
6323 | poly F = x*y*(x+y); |
---|
6324 | option(prot); |
---|
6325 | option(mem); |
---|
6326 | int eng = 0; |
---|
6327 | // option(redSB); |
---|
6328 | def A = annfsOT(F,eng); |
---|
6329 | setring A; |
---|
6330 | LD; |
---|
6331 | } |
---|
6332 | |
---|
6333 | //static proc ex_bcheck2() |
---|
6334 | { |
---|
6335 | ring R = 0,(x,y),dp; |
---|
6336 | poly F = x*y*(x+y); |
---|
6337 | int eng = 0; |
---|
6338 | def A = annfsBM(F,eng); |
---|
6339 | setring A; |
---|
6340 | LD; |
---|
6341 | } |
---|
6342 | |
---|
6343 | //static proc ex_BMI() |
---|
6344 | { |
---|
6345 | // a hard example |
---|
6346 | ring r = 0,(x,y),Dp; |
---|
6347 | poly F1 = (x2-y3)*(x3-y2); |
---|
6348 | poly F2 = (x2-y3)*(xy4+y5+x4); |
---|
6349 | ideal F = F1,F2; |
---|
6350 | def A = annfsBMI(F); |
---|
6351 | setring A; |
---|
6352 | LD; |
---|
6353 | BS; |
---|
6354 | } |
---|
6355 | |
---|
6356 | //static proc ex2_BMI() |
---|
6357 | { |
---|
6358 | // this example was believed to be intractable in 2005 by Gago-Vargas, Castro and Ucha |
---|
6359 | ring r = 0,(x,y),Dp; |
---|
6360 | option(prot); |
---|
6361 | option(mem); |
---|
6362 | ideal F = x2+y3,x3+y2; |
---|
6363 | printlevel = 2; |
---|
6364 | def A = annfsBMI(F); |
---|
6365 | setring A; |
---|
6366 | LD; |
---|
6367 | BS; |
---|
6368 | } |
---|
6369 | |
---|
6370 | //static proc ex_operatorBM() |
---|
6371 | { |
---|
6372 | ring r = 0,(x,y,z,w),Dp; |
---|
6373 | poly F = x^3+y^3+z^2*w; |
---|
6374 | printlevel = 0; |
---|
6375 | def A = operatorBM(F); |
---|
6376 | setring A; |
---|
6377 | F; // the original polynomial itself |
---|
6378 | LD; // generic annihilator |
---|
6379 | LD0; // annihilator |
---|
6380 | bs; // normalized Bernstein poly |
---|
6381 | BS; // root and multiplicities of the Bernstein poly |
---|
6382 | PS; // the operator, s.t. PS*F^{s+1} = bs*F^s mod LD |
---|
6383 | reduce(PS*F-bs,LD); // check the property of PS |
---|
6384 | } |
---|
6385 | |
---|
6386 | */ |
---|